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Abstract: The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics has catalyzed
transformative innovations in the field of rehabilitation medicine, offering new opportunities to
enhance patient outcomes, optimize therapy delivery, and advance our understanding of
neurorehabilitation principles. This comprehensive review explores the synergistic integration of
AI and robotics in rehabilitation settings, spanning from stroke rehabilitation and spinal cord
injury management to prosthetic limb rehabilitation and neurorehabilitation research. We
examine the diverse applications of AI-driven robotics, including robot-assisted therapy,
wearable exoskeletons, brain-computer interfaces, and virtual reality-based rehabilitation, and
their impact on motor recovery, functional independence, and quality of life for individuals with
neurological disorders and physical disabilities. AI algorithms, such as machine learning and
reinforcement learning, enable adaptive and personalized rehabilitation interventions tailored to
the unique needs and abilities of each patient, facilitating task-specific training, biofeedback, and
motor skill acquisition. Robotics platforms equipped with sensors and actuators provide real-time
feedback, assistive guidance, and quantitative assessments of movement performance, enabling
objective monitoring of rehabilitation progress and adjustment of therapy parameters.
Furthermore, AI-powered neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG), offer insights into neuroplasticity
mechanisms and brain-behavior relationships underlying motor recovery, informing the
development of more effective rehabilitation strategies. Despite the promise of AI-driven robotics
in rehabilitation, challenges such as interoperability, usability, patient acceptance, and regulatory
approval hinder widespread adoption in clinical practice. Addressing these challenges requires
interdisciplinary collaboration among rehabilitation specialists, engineers, data scientists, and
policymakers to develop user-friendly, evidence-based solutions that integrate seamlessly into
existing rehabilitation workflows and adhere to regulatory standards for safety and efficacy.
Looking ahead, the continued innovation and integration of AI and robotics hold great potential
to revolutionize rehabilitation medicine, enabling personalized, cost-effective, and accessible
interventions that maximize functional recovery and improve the quality of life for individuals
with neurological and musculoskeletal conditions. By leveraging the complementary strengths of
AI and robotics, we can unlock new frontiers in neurorehabilitation research and clinical practice,
paving the way for transformative advances in rehabilitation science and patient care.