PROPOSED 2 STOREY

RESIDENSIAL BUILDING
WITH FIREWALL
CE416 | Reinforced Concrete
Submitted by:
Harold B. Ochavillo
Dwight L. Tado
Cedric James M. Felonia

Submitted to:
Engr. Mark Heintje Cuanan
STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR
THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH
FIREWALL
 G3 BUILDERS
REAL ESTATE AND CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT: PROPOSED 2-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

LOCATION: UPTOWN CARMEN, CAGAYAN DE ORO, MISAMIS ORIENTAL 9000
DESIGNER: GROUP 3 – BSCE 3K
DATE: 03/09/2024

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………..1

II. DESIGN STRENGTH ……………………………………………………………………………………………..3

Concrete ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3

Reinforcing Steel Bars ………………………………………………………………………………………..3

III. DESIGN LOADS ………………………………………………………………………………………………….4

Dead Loads ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..4

Live Loads ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4

Reduction of Live Loads …………………………………………………………………………. 5

Seismic Loads ………………………………………………………………………………………………….5

Occupancy Category ………………………………………………………………………………5

Site Geology and Soil- Characteristics ……………………………………………………….6

Seismic Zone and Seismic Source Type ……………………………………………………..6

Near Source Factor …………………………………………………………………………………6

Seismic Response Coefficients ………………………………………………………………..7

Static Lateral Force Procedure ………………………………………………………………….7

IV. REFERENCE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

G3 BUILDERS
REAL ESTATE AND CONSTRUCTION

PROJECT: PROPOSED 2-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

LOCATION: UPTOWN CARMEN, CAGAYAN DE ORO, MISAMIS ORIENTAL 9000
DESIGNER: GROUP 3 – BSCE 3K
DATE: 03/09/2024

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

I. INTRODUCTION

The proposed residential is a 2-storey residential building with a firewall was mainly
built a reinforced concrete for the structural elements, 150mm and 100mm thick
concrete hollow blocks for the external and internal walls with cement-plastered
finished, fiberglass and steel tubes for railings, glass and powder-coated aluminum
frames for doors and windows. Steel, wood, and aluminum with lites for some doors,
and some other materials will used for aesthetic purposes.

The project will be located at Upper Carmen, Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental. It
has a total floor area of 70 sqm. It has 31.88 sqm on the ground floor and 38.44 sqm
on the second floor. The ground floor consists of a porch and a garage at the front.
When you enter the house, you will see a living room, laundry area, and kitchen/dining
area for family activities and bonding. This 2-story house plan is provided with a toilet
and bath for the family and guests to use on each floor for convenience.

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

The second-floor plan of this 2-story building consists of 4 major rooms, namely, one
guest room, two bedrooms, and a master’s bedroom for relaxation and personal
privacy for the members of the family and guests. Also, a small balcony is situated
along the master’s bedroom, so the family can sniff some fresh air or have star gazing
during the night before having a good night's sleep.

The main structural elements of the proposed two-story building have assumed these
dimensions; it has 300mm x 300mm columns, 200mm x 300mm for all the beams,
and a 150mm thick suspended slab. The measurement of these dimensions
conforms to the National Structural Code of the Philippines, NSCP 2015, to maintain
its structural integrity and its safety.

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

II. DESIGN STRENGTH

Material strength refers to the point on the engineering stress & strain curve (yield
stress) beyond which the material experiences deformations that will not be
completely reversed upon removal of the loading and as a result, the member will
have a permanent deflection. The stresses and strains that develop within a
mechanical member must be calculated to assess the load capacity of that member.
This requires a complete description of the geometry of the member, its constraints,
the loads applied to the member, and the properties of the material of which the
member is composed.

The applied loads may be tensile, compressive, or strength shear. With a complete
description of the loading and the geometry of the member, the state of stress and the
state of strain at any point within the member can be calculated. Once the state of
stress and strain within the member is known, the load-carrying capacity of that
member, its deformations, and its ability to maintain its original configuration can be
calculated.

The following material strengths shall be used in the structural analysis and design of
the building.

CONCRETE

Table 1. Minimum concrete compressive strength f’c

No. Concrete Elements f’c
1 Columns 21 mPa
2 Beams 21 mPa
3 Suspended Slab 21mPa
4 Slab on Grad/Fill 17 mPa
5 Footings 21 mPa

REINFORCING STEEL BARS

Table 2. Minimum RSB yield strength fy

No. Diameter Grade fy
1 10mm to 12mm 33 235 mPa
2 16mm and larger 40 275 mpa

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

III. DESIGN LOAD

Using the proper load factors advised by the governing codes, design loads and forces
are those arising from dead loads, live loads, and environmental loads like seismic
loads operating in the most important combination. The Ultimate Strength Design
Method must be used when designing sections made of reinforced concrete. Load
factors are as specified in the National Structural Code of the Philippines, NSCP 2015.
The fundamental load types and their corresponding magnitudes are taken as
follows:

A. DEAD LOADS

Dead loads are structural loads of a constant magnitude over time, which includes
the weight of all permanent construction and all materials, and equipment, which are
permanently fastened thereto and supported thereby. For walls, it is assumed to be a
uniform load since we’ll not know the changes throughout the life of the structure.
Tables 1 and 2 below respectively shows the minimum design dead load specified in
NSCP 2015, and the calculated weight of the slab per meter.

Table 3. Minimum Design Dead Loads

No. Materials Unit Weight/Load
1 Reinforced Concrete 23.6 KN/m3
2 Structural Steel 77.3 KN/m3
3 Slab per 100mm thick 2.36 kPa
4 Slab per 150mm thick 3.54 kPa
5 Acoustic Fiber Board 0.05 kPa
6 Suspended Steel Channel System 0.10 kPa
7 Asphalt Shingles 0.10 kPa
8 Ceramic Tile, 20mm on 13mm mortar bed 0.77 kPa
9 External Wall (150mm thk CHB, plastered 2 side) 3.11 kPa
10 Internal Wall (100mm thk CHB, plastered 2 side) 2.98 kPa
11 RC Wall per 200mm thick 4.72 kPa

Table 4. Weight of Suspended Slab per meter

No. Components Load
1 Weight of the slab 3.54 kPa
2 Floor Finishes (Ceramic Tile) 0.77 kPa
3 Ceiling (SSCS + Acoustic Fiberboard) 0.15 kPa
4 MEFP 0.10 kPa
4.56 kPa

B. LIVE LOADS

Unlike dead load, live load refers to the transient loads that structures experience.
Live loads vary in magnitude and location over time, as the intended use and
occupancy of the structure influence them. The live load shall be the maximum load
expected by the intended use of the structure. The minimum values of these loads
depend on the occupancy of the structure and are specified in the governing code of
the Philippines. Table 3 illustrates the minimum uniform live loads that are specified
in the National Building Code of the Philippines 2015.

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

Table 5. Minimum Uniform Live Loads

No. Occupancy/Use Floor Live Load
1 Basic Floor Areas (Residential) 1.90 kPa
2 Exterior Balconies (Residential) 2.90 kPa
3 Exit facilities 4.80 kPa
4 Parking Garage (Residential) 2.40 kPa
5 Minimum Roof Live loads 0.75 kPa

REDUCTION OF LIVE LOADS

The live loads presented above may be reduced for the design of structural members
supporting more than 15 square meters, except for floors in places of public assembly
and live loads greater than 4.8 KPa following the following formula:

The reduction shall be equal to or less than 40 percent for members receiving load
from one level only, 60 percent for other members, nor R, as determined by the
following formula:

Where:
R = Reduction in percent
r = Rate of reduction equal to 0.86 percent for floors
A = Area of floor or roof supported by the member in sqm.
D = Dead load per square meter of area supported by the members
L = Unit Live load per square meter of area supported by the members

For storage live loads exceeding 4.80 KPa, no reduction shall be made except that
the design live loads on columns may be reduced by 20 percent.

C. SEISMIC LOAD

Seismic load refers to the force or shaking that a structure experiences during an
earthquake. It is a critical consideration in the design and analysis of buildings,
bridges, and other structures located in seismically active regions, such as the
Philippines which was located near the Pacific Ring of Fire.

OCCUPANCY CATEGORY

The proposed 2-storey residential building with a firewall shall be placed on

occupancy category IV Standard occupancy Structures. Based on the National
Structural Code of the Philippines 2015, the seismic importance factor of the
proposed building was equal to 1.0.

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

SITE GEOLOGY AND SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

On the Seismic Zone, each site shall be assigned a soil profile type based on properly
substantiated geotechnical data using the site categorization procedure. Since the
soil properties are not known it is assumed to be a stiff soil profile type, SD.

SEISMIC ZONE AND SEISMIC SOURCE TYPE

The Philippine archipelago is divided into two seismic zones only. Zone 2 covers parts
of the western Philippines (except Busuanga), while Zone 4 covers the rest of the
country. And since the proposed project was in the Cagayan de Oro, Misamis
Oriental, then it is assigned as seismic zone 4 where the seismic zone factor is equal
to 0.40. During the past 10 years, the largest quake that occurred in or near Cagayan
de Oro was about 5.9 magnitude earthquake. From that information, it is assumed
that the seismic source type was evaluated to be type C.

NEAR SOURCE FACTOR

In Seismic Zone 4, each site shall be assigned a near source factor under NSCP 2015.
Based on the PHIVOLCS, the nearest active fault trace was the Tagoloan River fault,

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

22.6 km from the proposed location of the project. So, both Na and Nv was equal to
1.0.

SEISMIC RESPONSE COEFFICIENTS

According to the NSCP 20015, each structure shall be assigned a seismic coefficient
in accordance with the code. Based on the given information on the site geology & soil
characteristics, and the seismic zone, the seismic coefficient can be assigned as Ca
and Cv equal to 0.44Na and 0.64Nv respectively.

STATIC LATERAL FORCE PROCEDURE

Seismic forces were determined based on the equivalent static force procedure
following the latest provisions of NSCP 2015. To resist minimum total service forces
that were assumed to act non-concurrently in the direction of each of the main
axes of the structure, structures or portions of them were investigated. The total
design base shear in each direction shall be determined from the following formula:

The total design base shear shall be less than the following formula, and if it exceeds,
use this as your value of base shear:

The total design base shear shall be greater than the value of this formula or else use
this as your base shear:

In addition, for Seismic Zone 4, the total base shear shall not be less than the
following:

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

Where:
V= total force or shear at the base
I= Importance Factor, For Standard
R= Numerical coefficient representative of ductility and overstrength (in
this case will assume that it is a special RC moment resisting frame
system where R=8.5)
Nv = Near zone factor used in the determination of Cv (Seismic zone 4)
Na = Near zone factor used in the determination of Ca (Seismic zone 4)
W = total seismic dead load
Ca= seismic coefficient, as outlined in Table 208-7
Cv= seismic coefficient, as outlined in Table 208-8
T = elastic fundamental period of vibration in seconds of structure in the
direction under consideration.

Structural Period, T

The value of T shall be determined from this method (considering method A):

Where:
Ct = 0.0731 for reinforced concrete moment resisting frames and
eccentrically braced frames.

Vertical Distribution of Force

The total force shall be distributed over the height of the building in conformance
with the following:

Where:

The total force shall be distributed over the height of the structure in
conformance with this formula:

Ft may be considered zero if T is less than or equal to 0.70 sec. The design story
shear in any story shall be distributed to the various elements of the lateral force-
resisting system in proportion to their rigidities assuming that the slab acts as the
center of mass and center of rigidity.

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE PROPOSED 2 STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING WITH FIREWALL

IV. REFERENCE

The following structural codes and specifications shall be used in the design of the
building:

a. National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP) C101-01, Volume 1, Buildings,

Towers, and Other Vertical Structures, 7th Edition, 2015. Association of Structural
Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP).

b. Philippine National Standard, PNS.

c. American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM.