Bacarra National Comprehensive High School

Senior High School Department

Bacarra, Ilocos Norte

Perceived Benefits of
Galaw Pilipinas to Students
Dacuycuy, Mikhael Billy Q., Ramento, Zsanice Vien B., Butac, Gracelyn Kate J.,
Jovella, Charm Faith C., Cariaga, Leonel Jr. Q., Ramil, Luigi B.
May 3, 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the perceived benefits of Galaw Pilipinas to students, specifically focusing on
its impact on academic performance, mental health, and physical well-being, as well as its socio-demographic
profile with regards to Galaw Pilipinas. The study was quantitative research that utilized a descriptive design.
Stratified random sampling was employed to survey 98 respondents aged between 12 and 18 years old,
ensuring a representative sample from Bacarra National Comprehensive High School in Bacarra, Ilocos
Norte. The Likert scale method was used with each statement, prompting respondents to express their level of
agreement or disagreement. The overall mean score of 2.95 indicates that participants perceive that dancing
and exercise positively impact their social lives. The study also reveals that Galaw Pilipinas offers academic,
mental, and physical benefits, with a composite mean of 2.91 indicating agreement among respondents.
These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating calisthenics programs like Galaw Pilipinas in
schools. The program nurtures students' general well-being and character development, promoting an active
lifestyle. The school setting ensures that students develop physical, mental, and academic participation from an
early age.
It also recommends the Department of Education improve the current steps of Galaw Pilipinas for the
application of the Rate of Perceived Exertion, measure physiological indicators after performing the activity,
enhance cultural awareness, and conduct comparative studies for those beneficiaries and for those who are not
engaging, potentially informing educational policies anchored to the curriculum standards.

Introduction In accordance with the DepEd Order no. 60

To dance upon a journey into a representation
where each beat extends an invitation to joy, and
every movement stands as a celebration of life.
This has been allowing music to shepherd every
step-in venturing into a realm where passion
converges with health, and each moment unfolds
as a masterpiece in motion.
Drawing inspiration from Philippine folk
dances, festival movements, and arnis stances, the
routine integrates elements of the country's cultural
heritage. A universal form of human expression
that transcends cultural boundaries. It serves as a
medium for individuals and communities to
convey their traditions, beliefs, and emotions.
According to Kaeppler (1978), dance is a cultural
art form that arises from creative processes that
involve the manipulation of human bodies within
the dimensions of time and space. The resulting
cultural form, while ephemeral, is not without
structure or significance. It serves as a visible
representation of social relations and may be the
subject of a complex aesthetic system.
series of 2021, the implementation of Galaw
Pilipinas: The DepEd National Calisthenics
Exercise Program as outlined by the Republic Act
No. 5708, the Schools Physical Education and
Sports Development Act of 1969. The Department
of Education strongly advocates for the
comprehensive growth of students, highlighting the
holistic importance of physical activities in
nurturing their overall well-being and character
development.
In an effort to promote an active lifestyle
among Filipino learners, this initiative marks a
significant step towards fostering a culture of
physical activity and well-being within educational
settings. In face-to-face learning, it seamlessly
becomes a part of various school activities,
including flag-raising ceremonies, flag retreats,
and pre-class routines. This approach solidifies on
inclusivity and adaptability, customizing the
intensity of Galaw Pilipinas to cater to different
types of learners at various stages of development,
including those with disabilities.
 The current trend places emphasis on health-
related physical fitness to enhance life quality,
underlining the significant role of physical
education teachers in nurturing these aspects from
an early age. While skill-related fitness isn't
sufficient for overall well-being, one's health status
is determined by bodily system efficiency
(Muhamed et al., 2019)
A study by Hamid et al (2023) that investigates
the impact of a five-minute Calisthenics exercise
on the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress
among 16-year-old students in Kota Setar district
secondary schools in Malaysia. Employing a quasi-
experimental approach, 180 students participated
in pre and posttests over eight weeks, utilizing the
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS).
Analysis using Multivariate Analysis of Variance
(MANOVA) and Multivariate Analysis of
Covariance (MANCOVA) revealed significant
effects on depression, anxiety, and stress for both
pre and post-tests in treatment and control groups.
The results suggest that practicing five minutes of
Calisthenics can effectively reduce depression,
anxiety, and stress levels in students with the
different demographics.
Recently studied by Bulay-og et al. in 2023 that
aims to investigate the impact of "Galaw Pilipinas"
calisthenics exercise on students' motivation upon
their return to face-to-face classes to assess the
influence of the Galaw Pilipinas dance routine on
student motivation. This shift has not only resulted
in less time allocated for physical education but
also led to some children being deprived of
physical education classes in favor of enriched
learning experiences aimed at boosting academic
performance.
As a result, the researchers sought to conduct
this study that aimed to explore the perceived
benefits of Galaw Pilipinas to students, specifically
those enrolled at Bacarra National Comprehensive
High School. It was achieved through the
utilization of several focused group discussions.
Additionally, it gained insights into how students
perceive the impact on their mental, physical, and
academic well-being. Furthermore, purposely to
analyze the factors that influence students'
perceptions of Galaw Pilipinas, distinguishing
between those who find it beneficial in comparison
to those who may not. Ultimately, enhancing
awareness and knowledge regarding the effects of
participating in Galaw Pilipinas.
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to analyze the perceived
benefits of Galaw Pilipinas to students.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the
students as to:
a) age;
b) gender;
c) grade level;
d) type of community; and
e) religion?
2. What is the perception of the students when
performing Galaw Pilipinas?
3. What are the benefits of Galaw Pilipinas in
terms of academic achievement, mental health,
and physical well-being?
Methodology
Considering the necessity for students engaged
in Galaw Pilipinas, the researchers meticulously
assessed factors such as respondent availability,
resources, distance, location, convenience, and
accessibility. This evaluation led to the selection of
Bacarra National Comprehensive High School
located in Barangay 1, Sta. Rita Bacarra, Ilocos
Norte, Philippines, as the study site. The
researchers targeted students from this school to
investigate their perceptions while engaging in
Galaw Pilipinas, Furthermore, employed a
Descriptive Research Design to explore its benefits
in terms of academic achievement, mental health,
and physical well-being, and analyze the socio-
demographic profile, exploring potential
relationships between socio-demographic factors
and engagement in Galaw Pilipinas.
The study surveyed 98 respondents from the
entire BNCHS aged between 12 and 18 years old,
using Stratified Random Sampling as a method
decreases variation and lowers the likelihood of
overlap between each stratum with the margin
error of 0.1.
Research Instrument
This study used questionnaire from two
existing study from Gragasin, R. and Estrella, E.,
and, Ruiz, Y., Viteri, S., and Gonzalez, E. It
employed the Likert Scale method to collect and
analyze responses. Each statement is accompanied
by a predefined scale, prompting respondents to
express their level of agreement or disagreement,
ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree.
These scales offer an interpretation to the
quantitative measure of students’ perceived 15 19 19.39
benefits of Galaw Pilipinas. 16 16 16.33
17 18 18.37
18 8 8.16
Total: 98 100

Data Collection Procedure

Table 1.1 presents the ages among the students
A formal request letter was written to seek who participated in Galaw Pilipinas. The responses
permission for administering survey questionnaires of the students show that the ages were distributed
to selected participants involved in Galaw Pilipinas without any notable difference: 7 (7.14%)
in Bacarra National Comprehensive High School. identified as 12 years-old, 14 (14. 29%) for 13
Upon approval, the questionnaires are made years-old, 15 (15.31%) for 14 years-old, 19
through Google forms and some are printed then (19.39%) for 15 years-old, 16 (16.33%) for 16
distributed by the researchers, ensuring adherence years-old, 18 (18.37%) for 17 years-old, and lastly,
to safety and health protocols. Then the researchers 8 (8.16%) for 18 years-old. According to the
collected the completed surveys and used the Commission on Higher Education, this
thematic analysis method to gather and analyze the corresponds with the recommended age range of
data for interpretation. There were no restrictions Junior and Senior High which is 12-18 years old.
on follow-up questions for further analyzation. Moreover, the ages of 12 and 18 years-old
gangrened the lowest number of students. This
Statistical Treatment implies that most of the respondent that participate
in the Galaw Pilipinas are within the middle of the
The process entails thorough data collection, age range.
followed by comprehensive compilation, sorting,
organization, and tabulation of the information Table 1.2. Gender
through various statistical tools. Gender Frequency Percentage (%)
Frequency and Percentage. These methods Female 50 51.02
ascertained the proportion of the demographic Male 41 42.27
profile of the respondents and other information Prefer not to 7 7.14
say
related to Galaw Pilipinas.
Total: 98 100
Weighted Mean. This method was utilized to
Illustrating the distribution of different sexes,
determine the level of agreement of the including an option for students who prefer not to
respondents regarding the various perceived disclose their gender. The table conveys that there
benefits of Galaw Pilipinas. are 50 female respondents (51.02%), 41 male
respondents (42.27%), and 7 that did not prefer not
Results and Discussion say in the researchers surveyed online. This shows
that female respondents are slightly dominant than
This section of the study titled “Perceived male respondents, which makes the result of this
Benefits of Galaw Pilipinas to Students” focuses study to be more influenced by females.
on significant findings in accordance to the
research questions. The results of the study mainly Table 1.3. Grade Level
highlight the perception, and academic, physical, Grade Level Frequency Percentage (%)
and mental benefits, and the socio-demographic 7 12 12.24
profile of the Bacarra National Comprehensive 8 15 15.31
High School students regarding their participation 9 15 15.31
in Galaw Pilipinas. 10 18 18.37
11 19 19.39
Socio-Demographic Profile 12 19 19.39
Total: 98 100
Tables 1.1 to 1.5 display the distribution of Recognizing the distribution of grade levels
various socio-demographic profiles among the both junior and senior high students among the
respondents. The researchers concentrated on the respondents. Grade 7 students comprised 12.41%
following socio-demographic factors: age, gender, (12), while both grade 8 and 9 students constituted
grade level, type of community, and religion. 15.31% (15) each. Grade 9 alone accounted for
18.37% (18), and grades 11 and 12 combined for
Table 1.1. Age 19.39%. These figures represent the entire student
Age Frequency Percentage (%) population due to the utilization of stratified
12 7 7.14 sampling in the research methodology. Notably,
13 14 14.29 junior high students had a higher representation at
14 15 15.31 61.23% compared to senior high students, who
accounted for only 38.77% of the total. This
indicates that the results of the study is mainly Table 2 illustrates the mean corresponding to
dominated by the perception of the junior high descriptive interpretation about the perception of
school population. students to Galaw Pilipinas. The respondent
showed a positive agreement on the perception of
Galaw Pilipinas with a composite mean of 2.95.
Moreover, with a mean of 2.97, the respondent
regularly engages in dancing during flag
Table 1.4. Type of Community ceremonies and evaluates their level of
Type of Frequency Percentage (%) involvement. While the description indicates
Community agreement, garnering a low mean score compared
Rural 73 74.49 to other respondents also implies that some
Urban 25 25.51 students do not participate in these activities.
Total: 98 100 Notably, with the lowest mean score of 2.7,
The table shows how a sample population is students do not prioritize sharing insights about the
divided between living in rural and urban areas. program's implementation with fellow learners.
Most of the sample, 74.49% (73), lives in rural This means that this particular area needs
communities, while the remaining 25.51% (25) improvement for a better mandatory calisthenic
lives in urban communities. This distribution program. On the other hand, with the highest mean
suggests a pronounced influences of rural students of 3.06, the respondents identify the goals and
compared to urban students in the study. objectives of the activity as feasible and
appropriate through their active participation. This
Table 1.5. Religion higher mean score indicates a stronger consensus
Religion Frequency Percentage (%) among respondents regarding the alignment of the
Catholic 62 63.27 program's goals with their perceptions and
Iglesia Ni 14 14.29 experiences. In other words, they actively engage
Cristo in the activity, recognizing its practicality and
Protestant 9 9.18 suitability for their needs and capabilities.
Born again 8 8.16
Table 2. Perception to Galaw Pilipinas
Baptist 4 4.08 Perception to Galaw Pilipinas Weighted Descriptive
Jehovah’s 1 1.02 Mean Interpretation
Witness I participate regularly in
Total: 98 100 dancing Galaw Pilipinas
Table 1.5 reveals the frequency of various during flag ceremonies to
practiced religions among the respondents. The the degree of self- 2.97 Agree
responses of the students showed that majority evaluation.
practices Catholicism with 63.27%, with Iglesia Ni I identify the goals and
Cristo coming second with 14.29%. Moreover, objectives through
Protestants accounted for 9.18% of the sample involvement to the 3.06 Agree
activity as being feasible
population, and other minor religions such as Born and appropriate.
Again, Baptist, and Jehovah’s Witness accounted I engage myself
for 13.26%. A substantial portion exhibit 63.27% productively with the
aligns with the Roman Catholic denomination, benefits I could acquire 3 Agree
interpreting its prevalence and influence within the propelling the feeling of
result of the study. energy and vitality.
I recognize health and
In general, the socio-demographic relaxation as a learner 3.02 Agree
characteristics of the respondents cannot directly being promoted.
I share with other
predict the impacts of Galaw Pilipinas within the
learners the insights
study. The socio-demographic data presented in about the implementation
the tables merely indicate the distribution among of the program with the
2.7 Agree
the respondents without inherently relating with maximum construction
the perceived effects of participating in Galaw of reflection.
Pilipinas. While factors such as age, gender, grade Composite Mean: 2.95 Agree
level, type of community, and religion may Legend
influence individual experiences to some extent, Numerical Value Descriptive Interpretation
the study mainly examines the perception of Galaw 1.00-1.74 Strongly Disagree
Pilipinas. Thus, while these socio-demographic 1.75-2.49 Disagree
2.50-3.24 Agree
profiles provide valuable context, they alone do not 3.25-4.00 Strongly Agree
serve as determinants of the program's effects.

Perception to Galaw Pilipinas.

 Based on the data presented in the table above, that fosters a sense of
it is evident that a significant number of students mindfulness and health
express satisfaction in their involvement and awareness.
participation in the Galaw Pilipinas program within I indulge with the sense
of accomplishment and
the school. Similarly in 2018, Tariq's study
pride that boosts an 3 Agree
highlights numerous benefits that participation in overall mental well-
school activities offers students, including being.
improved grades, exam scores, educational I demonstrate mental
achievements, regular attendance, and increased resilience for self-
self-confidence. Simultaneously, engaging in esteem and self-
3.02 Agree
school activities aids in the development of confidence.
leadership and collaborative skills among students. I relieve symptoms
In general, as indicated by Čolović (2022), associated with
depression and anxiety 2 Agree
engaging in Galaw Pilipinas allows students to
when dancing.
assume new roles, and it may take them a longer
period of time to fully realize the potential of the I allow myself to dance
freely to reduce stress.
2.9 Agree
calisthenic program. This aspect holds great
I familiarize myself with
importance as it provides the students with clear
physical progress and
and precise information, fostering a better sense of increase care with 3.09 Agree
comfort and perception during the dance program. moderate and intense
Additionally, it implies that it might require a efforts through dancing.
longer duration for students to fully recognize the I employ effective
benefits and potential impact of the calisthenic dancing for fostering
weight management and
2.97 Agree
program on their overall well-being and
development. body coordination.
I practice personal
Academic, Mental, and Physical Benefits evaluation of health
including current health,
future health prospects, 2.96 Agree
The results include the academic, physical, and and resistance to illness
mental benefits of Galaw Pilipinas to students. As which is enhanced
indicated in the table above, respondents expressed through performance.
agreement that Galaw Pilipinas can benefit their I significantly adopt the
physical and mental health, as well as their flexible, diverse workout
academic performance, with a composite mean of regimen and incorporate 2.78 Agree
2.91, corresponding to agreement. Moreover, them into everyday
respondents exhibited agreement regarding the schedule.
physical, mental, and academic benefits of Composite Mean: 2.91 Agree
Legend
experiencing a stronger mind-body connection that
Numerical Value Descriptive Interpretation
fosters mindfulness and health awareness, 1.00-1.74 Strongly Disagree
garnering the highest mean of 3.09. 1.75-2.49 Disagree
Although garnering below-average levels of 2.50-3.24 Agree
agreement with means of 2.7 and 2.9, respondents 3.25-4.00 Strongly Agree
believe that dancing alleviates symptoms of
depression, stress, and anxiety. Garnering two With a descriptive interpretation of agreement,
notable levels of agreement among the statements, respondents consider Galaw Pilipinas improves
students perceived that, in relation to Galaw fitness, coordination, and overall well-being by
Pilipinas, there is a boost in health awareness and promoting physical progress, weight management,
mental well-being which means that intellectual and health evaluation. Moreover, it seeks to
ability is greatly impacted by physical activity. encourage an active lifestyle among Filipinos,
Attaining a mean of 2.97, the responses which would be advantageous to learners' physical
indicate that Galaw Pilipinas improves cognitive wellness (Sabio, 2022).
abilities, helping students perform better This indicates that Galaw Pilipinas helps reduce
academically. mental and emotional distress among students,
demonstrating the importance of engaging in daily
Table 3. Academic, Mental, and Physical physical activity for brain function. And supports
Benefits that adolescents must be active throughout the
Academic, Mental, and Weighted Descriptive school day to benefit from positive effects on their
Physical Benefits Mean Interpretation
overall academic and personal development.
I observe enhancement
of cognitive abilities 2.97 Agree Conclusion and Recommendations
through memory recall
I experience stronger 3.06 Based on the results, it is evident that the
mind-body connection Agree program has a positive impact on students' overall
well-being and academic performance. The socio-
demographic profile of students cannot predict
directly how they were affected to the impacts of
dancing Galaw Pilipinas, rather, high participation
where it represented the steps and recorded optimal
significance in the school setting. The respondents
generally showed agreement and active
engagement in the activities associated with Galaw
Pilipinas.
As per the DepEd order, after three years of
implementation, a study shall be conducted to
identify its impact on the academic performance
and on the physical and socio-emotional
development of learners. The findings of this study
can be used as a basis for adaptation by the Bureau
of Curriculum Development (BCD) and the
Curriculum and Learning Management Division
(CLMD) that can continuously solicit input on how
this policy is being implemented from all relevant
internal and external stakeholders in order to
improve its features and efficacy.
In accordance with the results, it encourages to
promote physical fitness, which is then advisable
to improve the steps of the Galaw Pilipinas
program with the application of Rate of Perceived
Exertion (RPE) scale for activities ranging from
light to vigorous. In this case, associating
physiological indicators such as heart rate, oxygen
consumption, and muscle activity as per
recommended. The Department of Education can
also introduce more calisthenics programs
nationwide.
Teachers and students should also enhance their
cultural learning and awareness, fostering a sense
of pride and connection to their cultural roots. This
includes exploring tribal and festival dances like
Tinikling, Sinulog, and Arnis from various regions
in the Philippines.
Furthermore, it is recommended to the future
researchers to conduct more qualitative and
quantitative studies, specifically comparative
studies to further document the status of students in
terms of their practices, challenges and coping
strategies in relation to the benefits comparing it
from those who do not engage in the said program.
Potentially informing educational policies
anchored to the curriculum standards.
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