Mahavir Education Trust's

SHAH & ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Chembur, Mumbai - 400 088

Name of Student: VEDIKA DILIP KATARKAR Roll Number:23

Class/DIV: FE-11 Academic Year: 2021-2022
Title of Experiment: OC and SC test on transformer
Date of Performance Date of Submission
Circuit Documentation Timely Viva Experiment Teacher
implementation (02) Submission Answer Marks Signature
/Execution/Ethical (03) (03) (15)
Practices
(7)

OPEN/SHORT CIRCUIT TEST ON THE TRANSFORMER

AIM: - To perform open circuit and short circuit test on a single phase transformer and hence
calculate the parameters of the equivalent circuit referred to h.v side.

OPEN CIRCUIT TEST ON THE TRANSFORMER

APPARATUS for Open Circuit test:- 1.5 KVA, 115/230v 50 Hz transformer,
voltmeter (0-150v), ammeter- (0-1A), wattmeter-150/300v,1/2A, connecting wire

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

Open Circuit Test

 Mahavir Education Trust's
SHAH & ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Chembur, Mumbai - 400 088

THEORY:-
Open Circuit Test:

The purpose of this test is to determine (i) iron loss or core loss (Wi ) (ii) magnetising resistance R0,
and (iii) magnetising reactance X0. In this test, one winding (usually high-voltage winding) is left open
and the other winding is connected to a supply of normal voltage and frequency. An ammeter,
voltmeter and wattmeter are connected on this side. The ammeter indicates no-load current drawn
by the transformer. As the no-load current is usually 3 to 5% of the full-load current, copper losses
are negligible and the wattmeter indicates iron loss.

PROCEDURE:-

(Open Circuit Test)

1. Set the input voltage at 50Hz frequency to the autotransformer input.

2. Switch on the supply, keeping output voltage at auto-transformer at zero
(by setting turns ratio of autotransfomer at zero).
3. Increase the voltage in set up (by increasing the turns ratio of the
autotransformer)to rated value and observe the no load current, input power
and the primary and secondary voltages corresponding to each value of the
applied voltage.
4. Now click on "simulate" to get the value of the shunt parameters (Ro and
Xm) of the transformer.
5. Click on "fill the Table" tab to tabulate the primary voltage(V1),no load
current or primary current(I0), input power(Pi) and secondary
voltage(V2)corresponding to each value of the applied voltage in
6. the input voltage to take another observation.

(Short Circuit Test)

1. Set the input voltage at 50Hz frequency to the autotransformer input.

2. Switch on the supply, keeping output voltage at auto-transformer at zero
(by setting turns ratio of autotransfomer at zero).
3. Increase the voltage in set up slowly (by increasing the turns ratio of the
auto-transformer)to rated value and observe the Short circuit current, input
power, primary voltage and secondary cuttent corresponding to each value
of the applied voltage.
4. Now click on "simulate" to get the value of the shunt parameters (Re and
Xe) of the transformer.
5. Click on "fill the Table" tab to tabulate the primary voltage(V1),no load
current or primary current(I1), input power(Pi) and secondary
 Mahavir Education Trust's
SHAH & ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Chembur, Mumbai - 400 088

current(I2)corresponding to each value of the applied voltage in

Observation table.
6. Adjust the output voltage of the auto-transformer to get secondary short
circuit current of 25%, 59%, 75%, 100% of the rated current.

Observation Table

R0=623.711 X m = 96.688
 Mahavir Education Trust's
SHAH & ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Chembur, Mumbai - 400 088

SHORT CIRCUIT TEST ON THE TRANSFORMER

APPARATUS for Short Circuit test-:- 1.5 KVA, 115/230v 50 Hz transformer,
voltmeter (0-150v), ammeter- (0-10A), wattmeter-150/300v,10/20A, connecting wire

Circuit Diagram:

THEORY
Short Circuit test:

The purpose of this test is to determine (i) full-load copper loss, (ii) equivalent resistance R01 or R02,
and (iii) equivalent reactance X01 or X02. Figure. 6.22 shows the circuit diagram for conducting an
SC test on the transformer. In this test, one winding (usually low-voltage winding) is short circuited,
while a low voltage is applied to the other winding. The applied voltage is slowly increased until
fullload current flows in this winding and hence, through the other winding. Normally, the applied
voltage is 5 to 10% of the rated voltage of this winding. Hence, fluxes produced in the core are small
and the iron losses are very small. Thus, wattmeter indicates full-load copper loss.

Procedure:
(Short Circuit Test)
 Mahavir Education Trust's
SHAH & ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Chembur, Mumbai - 400 088

1. Set the input voltage at 50Hz frequency to the autotransformer input.

2. Switch on the supply, keeping output voltage at auto-transformer at zero
(by setting turns ratio of autotransfomer at zero).
3. Increase the voltage in set up slowly (by increasing the turns ratio of the
auto-transformer)to rated value and observe the Short circuit current, input
power, primary voltage and secondary cuttent corresponding to each value
of the applied voltage.
4. Now click on "simulate" to get the value of the shunt parameters (Re and
Xe) of the transformer.
5. Click on "fill the Table" tab to tabulate the primary voltage(V1),no load
current or primary current(I1), input power(Pi) and secondary
current(I2)corresponding to each value of the applied voltage in
Observation table.
6. Adjust the output voltage of the auto-transformer to get secondary short
circuit current of 25%, 59%, 75%, 100% of the rated current.

Observation table

Re: 1.124 Xe: 2.06962

 Mahavir Education Trust's
SHAH & ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Chembur, Mumbai - 400 088

Load Circuit test:

EFFICIENCY: 90.8594, REGULATION: 0.07956 .

CONCLUSION:

In this we got the values of open circuit test, short circuit

and load circuit test.

Efficiency=90.8594 , Regulation=0.97956