Wet Scrubbing Systems

Belco Technologies Corporation

9 Entin Road
Parsippany, NJ 07054

www.belcotech.com
Belco Technologies Corporation
ƒ Worldwide Supplier of Technologies for Controls of Particulate, SOX and
NOX emissions. Specializing on reduction of Oil Refinery Emissions.
ƒ A leader in reduction of emissions from oil refineries. More scrubbing
systems sold to oil refineries and more systems operating than ALL other
competitors “COMBINED”
ƒ Founded in 1968, was part of Foster Wheeler until 1989 at which time was
purchased by LAB Group (France). Fully owned subsidiary of DuPont since
1 January 2006.
ƒ Offering a wide range of solutions to better serve our customers
ƒ Certified ISO 9001-2000
 List of BELCO® ’s Scrubbing Systems
Sold to Oil Refineries from 1992 to February 2009
ƒ North America ƒ India
ƒ Valero (12 scrubbers) • IOCL (4 scrubbers)
ƒ Coastal • ESSAR
ƒ Marathon/Ashland (2 scrubbers) • HPCL (3 scrubbers)
• NOCL
ƒ Pennzoil ƒ China
ƒ Irving Oil • Petrochina Lanzhou & Sichuan
ƒ Motiva • Sinopec Qingdao, Yanshan & Guangzhou
ƒ Conoco Phillips (6 scrubbers) • West Pacific Dalian
ƒ Premcor
ƒ Shell Oil ƒ Other
ƒ Lion Oil • Taiwan - Formosa (7 scrubbers)
ƒ Citgo (3 scrubbers) • Taiwan - CPC
ƒ Sun Oil (2 scrubbers) • Korea – SK (2 scrubbers)
ƒ BP • Korea – GS Caltex
ƒ Frontier Oil • Korea - Hyundai
ƒ Placid Refining • Qatar – QP (2)
ƒ Western Refining • Saudi Arabia - SAMREF
ƒ Flint Hills • Russia – GAZPROM
• Philippines – Petron Bataan
ƒ Europe • Thailand – Alliance Refining Co.
ƒ Italy – ENI • Brazil – Petrobras
ƒ Switzerland – Tamoil • UAE - Takreer
ƒ Belgium - Total
ƒ Norway – ESSO
78 EDV Wet Scrubbing Systems in Refineries
(68 of them are on FCCU applications )
 Providing Proven Technologies

ƒ EDV® Wet Scrubbing Systems

ƒ Dual Alkali Scrubbing & Regeneration Systems
ƒ LABSORBTM Regenerative SO2 Scrubbing
ƒ NOx Reduction Technologies (LoTOxTM and
SCR)
ƒ Shell Global Solutions TSS Systems

(LoTOxTM is a trademark of The BOC Group)

 ONE BUSINESS
“Flue-gas cleaning systems”
Feasibility Studies

Process Design Packages

Licensing

Detailed Design

Material Supply

Field Erection in USA

Start-Up Support

Field Service & Spare Parts

Worldwide Focus on Oil Refining Emissions

Reduction of Emissions from:

ƒ Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units
ƒ Sulfur Recovery Units
ƒ Oil Fired Heaters
ƒ Oil Fired and Coal Fired Boilers
within Oil Refineries
ƒ Ship Engines
 EDV® Wet Scrubbing System
Reducing Particulate, SO2, SO3 and NOx in a single vessel
EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Step 1 – Flue Gas is quenched

and saturated in the Quench
Section. Initial reduction of
particulate, SO2 and SO3 is
achieved in this step
EDV® Quench Section

• Designed to fully
saturate gas

Quench • Unique design avoids

Section Wet/Dry interface
• Can be designed to
allow the full
regenerator
temperatures
EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Step 2 – Reduction of SO2 and

Primary Particulate
Control is achieved in
Absorber Section
EDV® Wet Scrubbing System

Absorber Section
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Absorber Section
ƒ SO2 & PM Removal
ƒ Liquid / Gas Contact
ƒ Staged Approach
Absorber
ƒ Open / Self Cleaning
Quench
ƒ No Mist Formation
ƒ Low Pressure Drop
ƒ Can Operate for
Particulate Control Only
and later can be modified
to scrub SO2
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
G® Nozzle

X -Section
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
G® Nozzle

X -Section
Single G® Nozzle Operation
Multiple G® Nozzle Operation
EDV® Wet Scrubbing System
G® Nozzle

Plan View Side View

EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Step 3 – Further reduction of

fine particulate (PM 2.5
and below) and further
reduction of SO2 / SO3 is
achieved in Filtering
Modules
EDV® Wet Scrubbing System

Filtering Modules (FM)

(FM’s are applicable only to

EDV 5000 and 6000 models)
EDV® 5000 Filtering Module
Efficient Fine Particulate Control
Liquid to Spray
Cleaned Gas on to Cleaned Gas on to
Droplet Separation Droplet Separation

Condensation &
Fine Particulate Agglomeration of Fine
Encased in large Particulate & Sulfuric
water droplet Acid Mist

Fine Particulate

Gas Inlet
EDV® 6000 Filtering Module
Efficient Fine Particulate Control
Liquid to Spray
Cleaned Gas on to Cleaned Gas on to
Droplet Separation Droplet Separation

Condensation &
Fine Particulate Agglomeration of Fine
Encased in large Particulate & Sulfuric
water droplet Acid Mist

Fine Particulate

Liquid to Spray (added for EDV 6000 models only)

EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Step 4 – Removal of entrained

droplets prior to exit
through stack
EDV® Wet Scrubbing System

Droplet Separators
EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Step 5 – Treatment of Scrubber

Purge in Purge
Treatment Plant (PTU)
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Purge Treatment Unit
SCRUBBER
PURGE
Used For separation of
CLARIFIER
Coagulant and/or Particulates from purge
Flocculent
Solution(s)
Liquid Draining to
Sump is pumped
back to Clarifier

SETTLING BINS

Concrete Pad with Sump

Caustic
Caustic Addition
Addition for
for pH
pH control
control

EFFLUENT
DISCHARGE

AIR BLOWER
OXIDATION TOWERS
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Purge Treatment Unit
SCRUBBER
PURGE

Coagulant and/or CLARIFIER

Flocculent
Solution(s)
Liquid Draining to
Sump is pumped
back to Clarifier

SETTLING BINS
Oxidation Needed
when scrubbing Concrete Pad with Sump
SO2 to convert Caustic
Caustic Addition
Addition for
for pH
pH control
control

Sulfites to Sulfates
EFFLUENT
DISCHARGE

AIR BLOWER
OXIDATION TOWERS
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Purge Treatment Unit (PTU) – Settling Bins

Clarifier Underflow Dumping Drained Catalyst Fines

to Settling Bin ready for disposal
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Purge Treatment Unit (PTU)

Clarifier

Oxidation
Towers

Settling Oxidation
Bins Blowers
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Purge Treatment Unit

Purge
Treatment
Unit
EDV® Wet Scrubbing

Simplified Schematic
 CLEAN GAS OUT

EDV®
EDV® Caustic Scrubbing
STACK Configuration A
Model 1000
EDV®
EDV DROPLET
SEPARATORS

MAKEUP FC
WATER

EDV
ABSORBER
DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC
EDV CAUSTIC
QUENCH

OVERFLOW DRAINS FC

pHC
LC

FC
SLIPSTREAM TO

EMERGENCY OVERFLOW PURGE TREATMENT UNIT

 CLEAN GAS OUT

EDV®
EDV® Caustic Scrubbing
STACK Configuration A
Model 5000
EDV®
EDV DROPLET
SEPARATORS

MAKEUP FC
WATER

pHC
EDV® FILTERING
MODULES

EDV
ABSORBER
FC
DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC
EDV CAUSTIC
QUENCH

OVERFLOW DRAINS FC

pHC
LC

FC
SLIPSTREAM TO

EMERGENCY OVERFLOW PURGE TREATMENT UNIT

 CLEAN GAS OUT

EDV®
EDV® Caustic Scrubbing
STACK Configuration A
Model 6000
EDV®
EDV DROPLET
SEPARATORS

MAKEUP FC
WATER

pHC
EDV® FILTERING
MODULES

EDV
ABSORBER
FC
DIRTY FLUE GAS FROM FCC
EDV CAUSTIC
QUENCH

OVERFLOW DRAINS FC

pHC
LC

FC
SLIPSTREAM TO

EMERGENCY OVERFLOW PURGE TREATMENT UNIT

 NOx Reduction with
EDV® + LoTOxTM
-- Low Temperature Oxidation --
 LoTOxTM Installation on an FCCU
EDV® Wet Scrubber with LoTOxTM

Water Droplet
Separation
SO2 & Particulate
PM 2.5 Fine
Removal
Particulate Removal

NOx
Removal
LoTOxTM NOx Reduction Technology
ƒ LoTOxTM is sold to refineries worldwide by BELCO® under
license from The BOC Group
ƒ Patented Process of Injecting Ozone into gas stream to control
NOx. Applied following Quench in EDV® Scrubbing System
ƒ Ozone Reacts with NOX to Form N2O5
ƒ Contact with liquid droplets Forms Nitric Acid
ƒ Nitric Acid is Stabilized with Caustic to Form Sodium Nitrate
ƒ Greater than 90% reduction of NOx is achieved
ƒ Competitively priced
ƒ Successfully operating on several FCC units
List of LoTOxTM Installations and Pre-Investments
Location Capacity NOx In/Out Start-
Start-up
Southern California 400 HP 150-
150-70-
70-30ppm/2-
30ppm/2-5ppm 1997
Southern California 1000 HP 30-
30-40ppm/
40ppm/4ppm January ‘02
Ohio 25 MW 200ppm/
200ppm/10ppm October ’01
Pennsylvania -- 1000-
1000-3400ppm/
3400ppm/100ppm February ‘00
Southern California -- 50ppm/10ppm February ‘02
Lion Oil,, El-
El-Dorado, Arkansas 20,000 bpsd Confidential June ‘07

Valero, Ardmore, Oklahoma 40,000 bpsd Confidential TBD

Valero, Three Rivers, Texas 28,000 bpsd Confidential TBD
Valero, Texas City, Texas 65,000 bpsd Confidential 4th quarter ‘07
ConocoPhillips, Borger, Texas 30,000 bpsd (SCRUBBER NOT BUILT) (Project Cancelled)
Valero, Houston, Texas 58,000 bpsd Confidential April ‘07
Marathon, Texas City, Texas 72,000 bpsd Confidential February ‘07
BP, Texas City, Texas 130,000 bpsd Confidential June ‘07
DuPont Morses Mill Plant, Linden, NJ 880 tons/day 90 ppm / <10 ppm 4rd Quarter ‘07
acid
Placid Refining, Port Allen, LA 30,000 bpsd Confidential TBD
Star Alliance Refinery, Thailand 40,000 bpsd Confidential TBD
Frontier Refining, El Dorado, KS 40,000 bpsd Confidential TBD
Flint Hills, Corpus Christi, TX 45,000 bpsd Confidential 2009
Petrobras, REFAP, Brazil 7,000 m3/day Confidential 2009

Western/Giant, Gallup, NM 11,000 bpsd Confidential 2009

Valero, St. Charles, LA 100,000 bpsd Confidential 2010
Valero, Delaware City, DE 75,000 bpsd Confidential 2010
New Award (not yet disclosed) Confidential 2011
EDV® Wet Scrubbing
Spray Tower for LoTOxTM

ƒ Ozone Injection after

N2O5 Conversion Quench
to HNO3
ƒ Conversion to N2O5
NO, NO2 Conversion ƒ Conversion to Nitric
to N2O5 Acid
ƒ Conversion to Sodium
LoTOx Nitrate
Injection ƒ Removed in Scrubber
Purge
EDV® scrubbing with LoTOxTM Process
Ozone Injection Grid in Quench Section
NOx Control
LoTOxTM Process

Cross-Section of Single Ozone Generator Cell

Glass
Oxygen (O2)
Dielectric
Cooling Water

Electric
Current Grounded electrode Ozone (O3)
NOx Control
LoTOxTM Ozone Generator
EDV® scrubbing with LoTOxTM Process
Commercial FCCU Application

LoTOx injection allows

plant to set a desired
stack emission NOx
limit (the Set-Point)
and adjusts itself to
maintain that set-point
even through flue gas
or inlet NOx variations
EDV® scrubbing with LoTOxTM Process
Commercial FCCU Application
LoTOxTM
Medical College of Ohio
Performance of LoTOx Systemat MCO
December 6, 2001
Outlet NOx Setpoint = 5 PPMChanged to 10 PPM

Set-Point can easily be 80 40000

changed if desired. 70 35000

60 30000

Flue Gas Flow, ACFM

Inlet NOx
In this picture the set 50 25000
NOx PPM

point was changed 40

Flue Gas Temp = 179 - 234 F 20000

from 5 ppm to 10 ppm 30Flue Gas Flow Scrubber Temp = 75 - 100 F 15000
Inlet SOx = 74 - 178 ppm
20 10000
Inlet CO= 150 - 300 ppm
10Outlet NOx 5000

0 0
5 0
4 0
3 0
2 0
2 0
1 0
0 0
5 0
4 0
10 7:15
11 29: 5
12 21: 5
13 13: 5
13 05: 5
14 57: 5
15 49: 5
16 41: 5
17 33: 5
:2 15
19 17: 5
20 09: 5
20 01: 5
21 53: 5
:4 15
23 37: 5
:2 15
15
0: 0:0
1: 2:0
2: 4:0
3: 6:0
4: 8:0
5: 0:0
6: 2:0
6: 4:0
8: 6:0
9: 5:1

: 1
: 1
: 1
: 1
: 1
: 1
: 1

: 1
: 1
: 1
: 1

: 1
18 5:

22 5:

9:
0

3
:
0:

Time
 LABSORBTM
Regenerative SO2 Scrubbing System
Scrubber

Regeneration
Plant
LABSORBTM
Regenerative Wet Scrubbing
ƒ Uses EDV® System to Scrub SO2 in Flue/Process
Gas Streams
ƒ Reduces Operating Costs by Regenerating The
Scrubbing Buffer
ƒ Produces a By-Product Compatible With Refineries
(a concentrated SO2 stream (90+%) that is sent to
SRU or Sulfuric Acid Plant)
ƒ Virtually Eliminates Liquid Effluent Discharge from
Scrubber
ƒ BELCO Holds Exclusive worldwide License
LABSORBTM
Regenerative Wet Scrubbing

ƒInstalled more than 10

years ago as SRU tail gas
treater at a Refinery in
Europe

ƒOperating on a 40,000
bpsd FCCU in Italy since
June 2003

ƒOperating on a 60,000
bpsd FCCU in the USA
since October 2004
LABSORBTM
Regenerative Wet Scrubbing
LABSORBTM Absorber and Full Pre-scrubber - Paulsboro
GAS
OUT
GAS IN Polishing-Scrubber
From FCCU Built inside stack

Lean Buffer
DROPLET
SEPARATORS
From Regeneration Plant
PRE-SCRUBBER

FC
(EDV® 6000)
11
11
FILTERING 22
MODULES

Make-
Make-Up
Water
22
DROPLET 33
SEPARATORS
LABSORBTM
Regeneration
Plant

LC

FC Rich Buffer To
Pre-
Pre-Scrubber 33 Regeneration Plant
Purge to Clarifier
FC
SO2 to Sulfur
Plant
LABSORBTM Regeneration Plant (simplified)
“SINGLE EFFECT” EVAPORATION

CONDENSER
Recovered SO2 to
CW SRU or Acid Plant
RICH BUFFER
FROM
SCRUBBER

Vapor Liquid
Separator STRIPPER

35 PSIG STEAM
EVAPORATOR
35 PSIG
Condensate
Tank
STEAM
CONDENSATE

COOLER cw

BUFFER TO SULFATE
REMOVAL

STRIPPER CONDENSATE
TO SULFATE REMOVAL
LEAN BUFFER
MIXING 50%NaOH
BACK TO
TANK
SCRUBBER 85% H3PO4
Questions?

Nick Confuorto
confuorto@belcotech.com
(973)515-8903