▪ The reinforcement of post and column to be

considered in this study are:

a. The main or vertical reinforcement
b. The lateral ties
▪ The estimates of reinforcing bars for columns is by using
the direct counting method and the following factors for
additional must be considered:
1. Lap-Joints of end splices.
2. Allowance for bending and hook.
3. Additional length for the beam depth and floor
thickness if the height of the building
plan indicates from floor to floor.
4. Distance from floor to floor slab
5. Provisions for splices of succeeding floors.
▪ Example:
▪ From the following figure, list
down the main reinforcement
from the footing to the second
floor using 20 mm if there are
10 columns in the plan.
▪ Solution:

Determine the total length of the main steel bar

reinforcements
Bend at the base footing……………………………………….0.2m
Length from footing to ground floor………………………..1.20 m
Height from the ground line to beam………………………….3.50 m
Depth of Beam…………………………………………………..0.50 m
Thickness of the slab……………………………………………0.15 m
Dowel for second floor (20 x 20mm)………………………….0.40 m

Total length of the reinforcement………………………5.95 m

Select a 6.00 meters long steel bar

Multiply by number of bars in one post x 10 post
8 x 10 = 80 pieces
Order: 80 pcs 20-mm Ø RSB 6-m long
▪ LATERAL TIES
Tied column has reinforcement consisting of vertical
bars held in a position by lateral reinforcement
called lateral ties.
▪ LATERAL TIES
The ACI Code Provision in lateral ties are as follows:
• If the main longitudinal reinforcement of a tied
column is No. 10 or smaller size (lower than 30 mm),
the lateral ties should not be smaller than No. 3 bar
or 10 mm diameter bar.
• If the main reinforcement of a tied column is No.
11 to No. 18 (35 mm to 66 mm) and bundle bars, the
Lateral Ties should not be less than No. 4 or 12 mm
diameter.
▪ LATERAL TIES
The Code further provides that Lateral Ties Spacing
shall not exceed the following:
• 16 x the longitudinal (main reinforcement)
diameter bar
• 48 x lateral tie bar diameter.
• Least dimension of the column
▪Example 1
▪Determine the spacing
distance of the lateral ties for
a ties column as shown in the
figure.
1. Determine the spacing
distance of the lateral ties.
a. 16 x 20 mm = 320 mm
b. 48 x 10 mm = 480 mm
c. The least side of the column
= 300 mm
2. The lowest value is 300 mm.
Therefore, adopt 300 mm
spacing of the lateral ties.
A building has 26 square columns 7.00 m high cross-sectional
dimensions of 500mm x 500 mm with 8 pieces 20 mm main
reinforcement. Find the ties required using 10 mm and the
corresponding tie wire.
A building has 26 square columns 7.00 m high cross-sectional
dimensions of 500mm x 50 mm with 8 pieces 20 mm main
reinforcement. Find the ties required using 10 mm and the
corresponding tie wire.
2. Twenty columns are to be
constructed. Determine the
number of 12 mm dimeter
RSB and the number of
10mm RSB to be used as
lateral ties in the column
shown in the figure.
Also compute for the tie wire if
the length of each tie is 40 cm.
Considering a bend of 200 mm.
Consider a hook of 6db
2. Twenty columns are to be
constructed. Determine the
number of 20 mm dia. 6-m long
RSB and the number of 10mm
RSB to be used as lateral ties in
the column shown in the figure.
Also compute for the tie wire if
the length of each tie is 40 cm.
2. Twenty columns are to be
constructed. Determine the
number of 20 mm dia. 6-m long
RSB and the number of 10mm
RSB to be used as lateral ties in
the column shown in the figure.
Also compute for the tie wire if
the length of each tie is 40 cm.
2. Twenty columns are to be
constructed. Determine the
number of 20 mm dia. 6-m long
RSB and the number of 10mm
RSB to be used as lateral ties in
the column shown in the figure.
Also compute for the tie wire if
the length of each tie is 40 cm.
▪ The basic steel reinforcement of concrete beams and girders
consists of 4 longitudinal bars, with each piece located at each
corner of the beam or girder section.
▪ If the structural engineer has determined that the 4 bars is
inadequate for the concrete member to resist the stresses it will be
subjected to, an appropriate number of short ones are added.
▪ The additional short bars are placed over supports and midspans,
at the top and bottom parts, respectively, of the beam or girder
sections.
▪ Aside from the continuous longitudinal and the short steel
reinforcements, stirrups are also used in reinforced concrete beams
and girders.
▪ These consist of either the open (U-stirrups) or the closed stirrups.
They enclose, and are secured to the longitudinal and short
reinforcements with galvanized iron wires or by welding.
▪ While the main reinforcing bars resist the longitudinal stresses in
the beam or girder, the stirrups take care of the diagonal tension in
the concrete member. The stirrups also keep the steel
reinforcements in their proper position.
The best method of estimating metal reinforcements is by direct
counting method. The following factors must be considered:
 Example:
▪ Consider the framing plan given, calculate
the number of 16 mm diameter bar of B1.
Refer to details given below.
Example:
Example:
Example:
Example:
 STIRRUPS
▪ Stirrups are the structural reinforcing members that hold or bind
together the main reinforcing bars of the beam or girder to a
designed position.
 STIRRUPS
▪ The best method of determining the number of stirrups is by the
direct counting method per span type and by classification of
the design as shown in the working drawing.
 Example:
▪ Consider the framing plan given, calculate
the number of 10 mm diameter bar stirrup
of B1. Refer to details given below. Use a
spacing of 0.15 m on center. Given that the
column dimension is 30 cm x 30 cm
Find the ties required using 10 mm and
the corresponding tie wire. If the length of
each tie is 30 cm.
GUIDES FOR CALCULATING THE LENGTH OF
THE SHORT REINFORCEMTN IN BEAMS OR
GIRDERS
GUIDES FOR CALCULATING THE LENGTH OF
THE SHORT REINFORCEMTN IN BEAMS OR
GIRDERS
GUIDES FOR CALCULATING THE LENGTH OF
THE SHORT REINFORCEMTN IN BEAMS OR
GIRDERS

X = 12.db
 EXAMPLE
▪ Consider the framing plan given, calculate
the number of 16 mm diameter bar of B2.
Refer to details given below.
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE