JEE 2022

AC Circuits Class 1
Homework from “AC Circuits” module
Illustrations 1,2

Homework from “AC Circuits” workbook

Daily tutorial sheet-1 (1,2,4,5,6)
Daily tutorial sheet-4 (46,49,50,51,54)
AC (Alternating Current)

Direction of current

keeps
wife
on
charging
time .

Ac

I^

¥
Dc ( Direct current
Direction of current
,
doesn't
change DC

In In

⇐ fÉ:÷:÷ DC
I
1

AC
'

Mag court
Mag is court
__ -_
is
-

Direction doesn't chafe

changing
Direction keeps

I
T
1 In

*.
• DC
AC
Dirt is not
changing
continuously
Sinusoidal AC
In

1K¥
I = Iosinwt

I Io Cuswl
-

I = Iosinlwt -101 ) I
1
Instantaneous
current

Io : Peak current/
Maximum current -1
Current amplitude

Angler frequency
w : of Ac

Time period ( T )

2
T =
Reason behind sinusoidal AC

A
sinusoidally varying emf source

✓ = Vosinlwt )
symbol
( produced AG Generators )
by
A
loop is rotated at constant

angler velocity
in a
uniform
field results
magnetic which in

sinusoidal induced emf .

É@I??
Amrine e-

= NBA coswt
loop ( at loop with

t=o ) interns

find = - dol each

having
F- area A

= -

d(nBAwswt )
= -
NBA ( - wsinwt)

knBAWDsinwl-cee.int
=

)
 Average value of AC

I -_ Iosinwt
e-

/
÷
Idt
Iawg )o -
e-
=

=/ Iosinwtdt
-

( <
13.*) Tat
0

:-[ws; !
=

I
¥g [ cosvt C- Wso)
]
-
-

IF
=
( I -

coswt )

In one time period :( T=2 )

Is ( )
Iawg)o
= 1- hoswt
-
+
WT

In
¥_, (
¥#'
= I -
wszit )

% e-

JIdt
=
Egli -11=0
under
= Area
graph
 Iawg )o -

%
=

II. ( 1- cus wth )

¥- (
= I -
host )

E-
2T¥

Iang ) ; -
= 0

I Depends on
the
efuehin of current a-

the time internet chose -

)

Iag )o
}÷÷÷;
"
- T

on . the
efnehir of
0 -

lergetehe
I n

www.keet-ay-fgt-dedt-vengsel-aree very large

the
= 0
RMS value of AC

RMS current : Root ween squared current

Ions = <I↳
Significance of rms current :

XI
I = Iosinlwt )
Power consumed
by resistor

P = I' R : instantaneous power

( varies with time )

Average power ?

Pang < IZR >

= = < In> R

= Ir ?nsR
value
Irons is the representative of
the calculation
Ac for purpose of
of heat dissipated .

Heat resistor R in the

dissipated in

e- : it = Iims Rt
 Irms =
4¥
for Io
Sinnott
I =

< I
'
>
o -

e-
= § I' dt
=
/ Iisinwtdt
E-
to

t.fli-wsz-w-dei.IE/&dt-tfcoszwtdl-)
=
II

In one time
period ( T=
21¥ )
Tfcoszwtdt = 0
0

-
^

.
LIZ >
o -
T
=
zIo÷T I
IÉ
Irms )o
IE ! Ins )o
-1--4=1%-2
=
-
T

0 -
HT
f o
the
-_¥z
-

0
tergat
/
-

Iris )o -1T$ = ?
Average & RMS value of alternating voltage

VI Vo sin / wt )

big )o
= 0
-
T

O - ut

o -

legit

Varg )o -

The
=
?,¥
↳ms )o→ =

¥-
O -
UT

O
lerget
-

Household
snpplyi-I.to f- = so Hz

Vrms

Peak voltage : Vo =
Cms) V2
= 220k volts

W I 21T£ = 1001T stalls

Question )
ILA

:•Iss
s
find
1

'
Iauerage E

Ions
l
l

:
-5

default
By reported
values are to be
,

for one time period

Iag = 0

Isms = FIT = V25 = 5A

Question
A direct current of 5A is superimposed on an alternating current
I=10Sin(wt) flowing through a wire. Find the rms value of the resulting
current.

II = 5 + 10 sinwt

for I = at beirut

bsinutidl.g #- - Tg(a2+b2sin~wl-+2ebsinwt)dt
< 122
? +

=
f- § @ +
b-
( 1¥13 zessinutdt
+

=
÷#
a' +
E) a-
ÉfwÉ+aÑÉ
O
o

¥ @ E) T
+
=
= it
for I = at bsinwl
-

Ins =
FEE
I = 5+10 Sinned -

Ins =
TEE
I ¥-50
I 5 V3 A
Resistive Circuit
II R
* Let

fat I = Iosinlwt )

¥-5 Voltage across resistor :

IR Ior sinwt
VR = =

source
voltage
Vlt ) =
VR =(IoR)sinwt
I
Peek source
voltage
Vlt ) = Vosinwt
when ↳ = Io R

Ilf ) Iosinwt
Egg
=
Io =
,

In Ac circuits ,
current in

and
resistor
voltage across

resistor are en same phase

E
4-100J
*
→n→ find current in the resistor
(a) Peele current
⇐ RMS
2008in (1001-+30) to Carrel -

¢, current as a function
V0 = 200 volts of time

←i Io =
Vg =
2,0¥ = 2A

( Irms
If ¥ V2
=
(b) = = A

E- E-
'
=

Irons
4m¥ 10,1¥
=
I
=rzA

c) I = 2 Sin (1001-+30)
É
[
- -
find in the resistor

terms
2⑤→ymS
If is mentioned
nothing
the
,

voltage or current give - or

asked are the rms values .

Isms
↳m÷ ?}÷
=
=
= 2.2A
RC Circuit
R C
I
Let
→ melt

/ | I = Iocoswe -

←
Ht ) Current is sane in both

( )
as
they are in series

Vs = VR + Va
d L 1

Across across across

source resistor capacitor

voltage across resistor

VR = IR = Iorcoswt

Voltage across
capacitor
IIIT
vc=&
D=
'

fiocoswtdl-t. o?jwt- EosItVc=Iow1-.)sinwe-

=

I
I : reactance of capacitor /
,

capacitive reactance ( Xo )

✗a =
¥ ; unit of ✗
•
: r

ve = (Io ✗
c) sinwt = Ioxecoslwt -

E)
VR = ( Io R )Coswt

I = Iocoswt

for leads
capacitor , current
voltage
11-12
by
for resistor current and voltage
,

are in sore
phase .

source
Voltage across :

Us = UR + Vc

= Iorcoswt +
Ioxc.ws/wt-Iz)
The addition of two sinusoidal tens
RHS written
single
on can be as a

Phaser
term
by method .
Derivation of phaser method ( vector method )
A , sinwt + Az sin ( wt -107

A , sinwt

sinwtwsO-N-zcoswtsino-L-I-ws-sinut-I-g.GE?wsue-
=
+ Az

= a sinwt + D coswl -

= FE
( sinwe-t.gg -
+ cos - e-

¥
§ = FED -
( sinwl -
cost +
cosutsilo,

= Asi - Cut -101 )

A , sinwt + Azsinlwt -10 )

= A sincwtto )
 A = ME
= rÉoT+EÑ
=
ÉA+É

;¥÷o
tana =
E- =
I
the results are like vector addition

&A ,
sinwt + Azsinlwt -107
" " " e- + as

A ,

Phaser method
simply It
is a

mathematical technique .

sealers
can be
applied to also
Us = UR + Vc

Ioxacoslwt-ID-CE-c.TT
= Iorcoswt +

) cos @ e- -0 )
is IOR
current →
tank
"
I = II
leading
NÑf ,
Io R
;
source 0=1-5 ' (%-)
Q :#
" - - -

ng Iok

¥Éi
Peak Value Of Source
Voltage
↳ =
FEET
=
Io É

=÷E-
Io = *
2-

the circuit
I
2- :
Impedance of
unit : r z= Ext