New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Third Edition)

Book 1B

Ch 9 Nutrition and gas exchange in plants

Exercise
Section 9.1
Level 1 (p. 9-22)
1 C

2 a autotrophs 1
b carbon dioxide 1
c light 1
d oxygen 1
e minerals 1

Level 2 (p. 9-22)

3 D 4 D 5 D 6 C
7 C

8 a Field Z 1
In field Z, the crop yield in both field parts was high. 1
Applying extra nitrate to field Z did not improve the crop yield. 1
b Field Y has the lowest crop yield among the three fields. 1
Applying extra nitrate to field Y did not improve the crop yield. 1
This indicates that the growth of crops in field Y is not limited by the amount of
nitrate in the field. 1
c Part of the nitrate in the fields was absorbed by the crops to synthesize useful
materials such as proteins and nucleic acids. 1

Section 9.2
Level 1 (p. 9-23)
9 C

10 B 1
D 1
C 1

11 a A test tube containing hydrogencarbonate indicator only. 1

b This prevents the outside air from entering the test tubes and reacting with the
hydrogencarbonate indicator. 1
c i The hydrogencarbonate indicator turned yellow. 1

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 New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Third Edition)
Book 1B

The leaf in test tube Y was in complete darkness. Only respiration and no
photosynthesis occurred. 1
As a result, the carbon dioxide concentration in the test tube increased and the
hydrogencarbonate indicator turned yellow. 1
ii The hydrogencarbonate indicator remained red. 1
The leaf in test tube Z was under dim light conditions. The rate of
photosynthesis of the leaf was similar to that of respiration. 1
As a result, the carbon dioxide concentration in the test tube remained fairly
stable and the hydrogencarbonate indicator remained red. 1

Level 2 (p. 9-24)

12 A 13 A 14 B 15 D
16 C 17 D

18 a The actual rate of oxygen release of plant P

= 4 + 2 units
= 6 units 1
Assumption: the rate of respiration of the plant is constant throughout the experiment.
1
b 1 unit of light intensity 1
At this level of light intensity, the rate of oxygen release is 0. 1
This indicates that the rate of photosynthesis of the plant is equal to its rate of
respiration. 1
c At 5 units of light intensity, the rate of oxygen release of plant Q is lower than that of
plant P. 1
Magnesium is essential for the synthesis of chlorophyll. 1
Without magnesium, plant Q cannot produce enough chlorophyll for photosynthesis
and hence the rate of oxygen released by photosynthesis is lowered. 1

19 a Tissue P: palisade mesophyll 1

Tissue Q: spongy mesophyll 1
b Carbon dioxide from the environment diffuses into the air space in the leaf through
the stomata. 1
The carbon dioxide dissolves in the water film on the surfaces of the cells of tissue Q.
1
Dissolved carbon dioxide then diffuses to the neighbouring cells until it reaches the
cells of tissue P. 1
c The cells of tissue Q are loosely packed. This provides a larger surface area for
exchange of gases between air and cells. 1
There are numerous air spaces among the cells of tissue Q. This allows gases to
diffuse freely. 1

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 New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Third Edition)
Book 1B

Level 3 (p. 9-26)

20 DSE Bio 2012 IB Q5

Performance

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 New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Third Edition)
Book 1B

21 DSE Bio 2016 IB Q11

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 New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology (Third Edition)
Book 1B

Performance

Reading to learn (p. 9-27)

1 The plants on green walls absorb carbon dioxide (and some air pollutants) in the air and
release oxygen. 1
2 Nitrates and phosphates 2
(or other correct answers)
3 Possible method:
Install a water sensor at a certain level of the irrigation tank. 1
Connect the sensor to a buzzer and an electronic board (e.g. microbit or Arduino). 1
With proper setting in the electronic board, the buzzer sounds when the water level in the
tank falls below the sensor (i.e. the sensor becomes dry). 1

-5-  Oxford University Press 2020