Annotated Bibliography

American Heart Association. (2015a). Exercise stress test. Www.heart.org.

https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/diagnosing-a-heart-attack/exercise-

stress-test.

The article explains a stress test and its purpose. It then goes how a medical professional

sets up the test and what each thing they attach to your body is, e.g., an EKG. Lastly, it discusses

what you can do to prepare for a stress test, such as not eating or drinking for at least two hours

before the test.

The source is not biased. The information is straightforward, and there is no hint of

someone’s opinion. The source is credible as it was published by a well-known organization, the

American Heart Association, which is written by doctors for doctors and patients. Lastly, the

source is current and up to date, having been reviewed last August.

This source was extremely helpful for my mentorship and my final product. Toward the

beginning of my mentorship, my mentor asked me to research stress tests as I had a lot of

questions about them. This resource was helpful for my final product as I used it to explain what

a stress test is in full detail for my website. The source was easy for me to understand and digest,

which made it easy for me to explain what a stress test is to others.

American Heart Association. (2015b, July 31). Coronary Artery Disease - Coronary Heart

Disease. Www.heart.org.

https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/consumer-healthcare/what-is-cardiovascular-

disease/coronary-artery-disease.
 This source explains coronary artery disease (CAD) and how it happens. CAD is caused

by a buildup of plaque in the heart’s arteries. The article also provides risk factors for CAD, such

as high LDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, and diabetes. Lastly, the article gives people with

CAD ways they can manage its effects, such as managing their weight.

The source is not biased. The American Heart Association provides credible information

and allows people to see what they have for their writers and how it is in their staff. To add to

this source's credibility, it was last reviewed this year in January.

The source was very helpful and provided me with a lot of information on the topic. My

mentor provided me with the link to this resource so I could use it for my website. I used the

source to explain what CAD is, its symptoms, and how to prevent it.

American Heart Association. (2020, October 26). Problem: Aortic Valve Stenosis. Www.heart.org.

https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-valve-problems-and-disease/heart-valve-problems-and-

causes/problem-aortic-valve-stenosis.

The article starts off by summarizing what aortic valve stenosis is. Aortic valve stenosis

is the narrowing of the aortic valve opening, which causes a restriction of the blood flow to the

heart. After summarizing what it is, it goes into detail about its symptoms, some of which are

chest pain, fluttering heartbeat, and swollen ankles. Lastly, it states who is at risk for aortic

stenosis and gives treatments for the disease.

The source is not biased. The source is trustworthy as it was published by a well known

organization and the purpose of the organization is to improve the lives of patients, doctors, and
the medical system so the organization would not provide people with misleading information.

Lastly, it is recommended to use sources that are no more than ten years old, and this source

follows that rule.

This source was extremely helpful as it helped me explain what aortic valve stenosis

is, and it allowed me to explain it well, even though I do not have a medical background. I used

this source to explain Aortic Stenosis for my website. With the information I learned, I tried to

make it as easy to understand as possible.

American Heart Association. (2023, August 18). Cardiac Catheterization. Www.heart.org.

https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/diagnosing-a-heart-attack/cardiac-

catheterization

The article discusses what cardiac catheterization is which is a procedure that allows

doctors to see how well your heart is working. Cardiac catheterization also allows doctors to

perform other procedures such as stenting. The article goes over the process of installing a heart

catheter and the risks for it after it is performed. Lastly, it gives people advice on how to prepare

for cardiac catheterization.

The source is not biased. The source is trustworthy as it was published by a well-known

organization and the purpose of the organization is to improve the lives of patients, doctors, and

the medical system so the organization would not provide people with misleading

information. Lastly, it is recommended to use sources that are no more than ten years old, and

this source follows that rule.

 This source was extremely helpful as it helped me explain what a cardiac catheter is, and

it allowed me to explain it well, even though I do not have a medical background. I used this

source to explain what a cardiac catheter is for my website with the information I learned I tried

to make it as easy as to understand as possible.

Blumenthal, R., & Jones, S. (2019). Congestive Heart Failure: Prevention, Treatment and

Research. John Hopkins Medicine. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-

and-diseases/congestive-heart-failure-prevention-treatment-and-research.

The article explains what congestive heart failure which is when you heart does not pump

blood efficiently this causes your heart to get congested. The article gives ways to prevent

congestive heart failure such as quitting smoking and eating healthy foods. Lastly, the article

goes over how doctors’ diagnosis the disease and how it is treated.

The source is credible as it is from John Hopkins which is a well-known hospital. You

can find in depth information about the authors such as their credentials since the article was

written doctors you can also see their patient care rating. Lastly, the article provides information

on the research John Hopkins has been doing on congestive heart failure.

This source helped me explain what congestive heart failure is for my website. The

source is well-written and researched, which makes it easy to understand and break down. Out

of all the sources I used for the heart disease section of my website, this was by far

the easiest and most helpful for my final product.

Mayo Clinic. (2021, August 13). What you should know about beta blockers. Mayo Clinic; Mayo

Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-pressure/in-depth/

beta-blockers/art-20044522

The article starts off by explaining what beta blockers are and what conditions they are

prescribed for. Beta blockers are medicines that are used to lower blood pressure and the article

goes over what beta blockers effect for example they mostly effect the heart, but they can

sometimes affect the blood vessels. Lastly the article gives examples of different beta blockers

such as Metoprolol and gives common side effects beta blockers can have.

The source is unbiased and credible. The source was published by The Mayo Clinic, a

well-known organization that is trusted by many. Lastly, at the end of the article, it provides the

sources they used to write the article, and all the sources they used are current. The article

also provides information on the expert doctor who helped them write the article.

The source informed me on what beta blockers are as they are medicines that I am

unfamiliar with. This source helped me with finding examples of beta blockers and what

symptoms the medications cause. Lastly, the source allowed me to explain what beta blockers

are and what they are used for as many patients had questions about them so I knew this

information would be beneficial for my website.

 Works Cited

“AFib Diagram.” Mayo Clinic,

www.mayoclinic.org/-/media/kcms/gbs/patient-consumer/images/2014/07/07/14/43/

mcdc11_heartforafib.jpg. Accessed 14 Apr. 2024.

Clinic, Cleveland. “CAD Diagram.” Clevelandclinic.Org,

my.clevelandclinic.org/-/scassets/images/org/health/articles/16898-coronary-artery-disease.

Accessed 10 May 2024.

Clinic, Cleveland. “Cardiac Catheterization Diagram.” Clevelandclinic.Org, 29 Apr. 2022,

my.clevelandclinic.org/-/scassets/images/org/health/articles/16832-cardiac-catheterization.

Real-Time Treadmill Stress Test - Can You Do It?, Nevada Cardiology, 6 Feb. 2017,

www.youtube.com/watch?v=cQ9TVJQaJ_8&t=700s&themeRefresh=1.

Robinson, Bradley. “Aortic Stenosis (for Parents) - Nemours KidsHealth.” Kids Health, The

Nemours Foundation,

kidshealth.org/content/dam/patientinstructions/en/images/aorticStenEstab_415x259_enIL.p

ng. Accessed 14 Apr. 2024.