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F5-Chap 7-Pobability
F5-Chap 7-Pobability
F5-Chap 7-Pobability
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SPM
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
FORM 5
MODULE 12
PROBABILITY
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PROBABILITY
Contents Page
2
12.0 Concept Map
3
12.1 Probability Of An Event
SPM Questions 8
Assessment test 8
Answers 10
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Experiment
A process to obtain
observations
An Event, A
______________ _______________
______________ _______________
______________ _______________
PROBABILITY
P(A) =
Question Answer
Box A contains 3 black balls, 2 green (a) Let R represent the event that a black ball is drawn.
balls and 5 red balls. A ball is drawn at n(R) 3
random from box A. Calculate the P(R) = .
n(S) 10
probability that the colour of the ball is (b) P(the ball is not black)
(a) black 3 7
(b) not black =P(R’) = 1 – P(R) = 1 – =
(c) yellow 10 10
(c) P(the ball drawn is yellow) = 0.
Exercises 1.
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Example 2.
Question Answer
Let
2 3 4 6 8 9
A represent the event that the number on the chosen card is a
The above figure shows six multiple of 3, and
numbered cards. A card is chosen B represent the event that the number on the chosen card is a
at random. Calculate the probability factor of 12.
that the number on the chosen card A = {3, 6, 9}, n(A)= 3
(a) is a multiple of 3 and a factor B = {2, 3, 4, 6}, n(B) = 4
of 12 A B = {3, 6}
(b) is a multiple of 3 or a factor of A B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 9}
12. 2 1
(a) P(A B) = .
6 3
5
(b) P(A B) =
6
Alternative method
Exercises 2
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Example 3.
Question Solution
A box contains 5 red balls, 3 yellow balls 3
and 4 green balls. A ball is chosen at P (yellow) = .
12
random from the box. Calculate the 4
probability that the balls drawn neither a P(green) =
12
yellow nor a green.
3 4 7
P(yellow or green) = + = .
12 12 12
Exercises 3
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Example 4
No Questions Solutions
1. 4
Black
Box C contains 4 black marbles and 6 4 10
Black
yellow marbles. A marbles is chosen 10
6
at random from box C, its colour is Yellow
10
noted and the marbles is noted and the 4
marbles is returned to the box. Then a 6 Black
10
second marbles is chosen. Determine 10 Yellow
the probability that 6 Yellow
(a) both the marbles are black. 10
(b) the two balls are of different 4 4 4
colours. (a) P(black black)= =
10 10 25
(c) at least one of the balls chosen is (b) P(same colours)
yellow. = P(black black) + P(yellow yellow)
4 6 6 13
= + = .
25 10 10 25
4 21
(c) 1 – P(both blacks) = 1 – =
25 25
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Exercises 4
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ASSESSMENT TEST
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ANSWERS
Exercises 1 25
3.
1 3 44
1. (a) (b)
8 8
2. 12
3. x + y = 10 PAST YEAR QUESTION
1. 9
19
Exercises 2 2.
66
2
1.
3
2 23 ASSESSMENT TEST
2. (a) (b)
13 26
4 1. 24
3. 1
15 2.
12
3. 24
Exercise 3 3 1
4. (a) (b)
2 7 7
1. (a) Yes (b)
3 5 1
5. (a) (b)
7 2 36 18
2. (a) (b)
12 3 7
(c)
1 36
3.
3 1
6.
9
Exercise 4
24
1.
55
1 8
2. (a) (b)
3 27
.
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