Lect.

6: three phase
transformers

By:

Dr. Essam Mahmoud

Cont. Num: 01146818865 (WhatsApp)

E-mail: essam.ali@aun.edu.eg
 Lect.6: Three phase transformers
Equations:

𝑽𝑷 𝑰𝑺 𝑵𝑷
= =
𝑽𝒔 𝑰 𝑷 𝑵𝑺

E1 E2
Where:
𝑽𝑷 = 𝑽𝑷𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒘𝒕) ϕ𝒑 = ϕ𝑺 = ϕ𝒎𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒘𝒕)
𝑽𝑺 = 𝑽𝑺𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒘𝒕) ω = 𝟐П𝒇 Where f =50 HZ in EGYPT.

If a load RL connected to secondary side:

𝑽𝑺 𝑰 𝑷 𝑵𝑺 𝑵𝑺
𝑰𝑳 = 𝑰𝑺 = 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒘𝒕) = 𝑰𝑷 = 𝑰
𝑹𝑳 𝑰 𝑺 𝑵𝒑 𝑵𝒑 𝑺

𝑽𝑷 𝑰𝑷 = 𝑽𝑺 𝑰𝑺
Examples: Lect.6: Three phase transformers
Examples: Lect.6: Three phase transformers
 Three-phase Transformers
❖How to construct three-phase transformers?

❑ In general, for transformation, transmission and utilization of electric

energy, it is economical to use the three phase system rather than the
single phase.
❑ For three phase transformation, two arrangements are possible.
✓ First is to use a bank of three single phase transformer
✓ and the second, a single three phase transformer with the primary
and secondary of each phase wound on three lags of a common
core.
❑ The advantages of a single unit of 3-phase transformer as compared to a
bank of three single phase transformer are the cost is much less,
occupies less floor space for equal rating and weighs less.
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase transformers

❑ A variety of connections are possible on each

side of a 3-phase transformer. The three phases
could be connected in
➢Star
➢ delta
➢open delta
➢or zig-zag star.
❑ Each of the three phases could have two
windings or may have auto connection.
❑ Further, certain types of connections require a
third winding known as tertiary.
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase Systems

Y-Connections
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase Systems

Δ or Delta-Connections
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase transformers
1- Y-Y Connections
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase transformers
2- Y- Δ Connections
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase transformers
3- Δ - Y Connections
 Three-phase Transformers
❖Different Connections of Three-Phase transformers
4- Δ - Δ Connections
❖Example:
Three-phase Transformers
Three single-phase, 50 kVA, 2300/230 V, 60 Hz transformers are connected to form a
three-phase, 4000/230V transformer bank. The equivalent impedance of each
transformer referred to low voltage is 0.012+j0.016 Ω . The 3-phase transformer
supplies a 3-phase, 120 kVA, 230 V, 0.85 PF (lag) load.
(a) Draw a schematic diagram showing the transformer connection.
(b) Determine the transformer winding currents.
(c) Determine the primary voltage (line-to-line) required.
(d) Determine the voltage regulation.
❖Example:
Three-phase Transformers
Three single-phase, 50 kVA, 2300/230 V, 60 Hz transformers are connected to form a
three-phase, 4000/230V transformer bank. The equivalent impedance of each
transformer referred to low voltage is 0.012+j0.016 Ω . The 3-phase transformer
supplies a 3-phase, 120 kVA, 230 V, 0.85 PF (lag) load.
(a) Draw a schematic diagram showing the transformer connection.
❖Example:
Three-phase Transformers
Three single-phase, 50 kVA, 2300/230 V, 60 Hz transformers are connected to form a
three-phase, 4000/230V transformer bank. The equivalent impedance of each
transformer referred to low voltage is 0.012+j0.016 Ω . The 3-phase transformer
supplies a 3-phase, 120 kVA, 230 V, 0.85 PF (lag) load.
(b) Determine the transformer winding currents.
❖Example:
Three-phase Transformers
Three single-phase, 50 kVA, 2300/230 V, 60 Hz transformers are connected to form a
three-phase, 4000/230V transformer bank. The equivalent impedance of each
transformer referred to low voltage is 0.012+j0.016 Ω . The 3-phase transformer
supplies a 3-phase, 120 kVA, 230 V, 0.85 PF (lag) load.
(c) Determine the primary voltage (line-to-line) required.
❖Example:
Three-phase Transformers
Three single-phase, 50 kVA, 2300/230 V, 60 Hz transformers are connected to form a
three-phase, 4000/230V transformer bank. The equivalent impedance of each
transformer referred to low voltage is 0.012+j0.016 Ω . The 3-phase transformer
supplies a 3-phase, 120 kVA, 230 V, 0.85 PF (lag) load.
(d) Determine the voltage regulation.
Autotransformer
Autotransformer
Example Autotransformer
Example Autotransformer
Example Autotransformer