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Directandindirectspeech 190216150225
Directandindirectspeech 190216150225
Directandindirectspeech 190216150225
INDIRECT SPEECH C
•“ “ will be removed.
Rule 2: If the reported verb is in present or future tense, the reported speech may be in any
tense.
1. The doctor will say, “ Stale food may cause cholera”.
Indirect : The doctor will say that stale food may cause cholera.
2. The nurse says to the patient, “ you have chronic conjunctivitis resulting from ultra violet
radiation”.
Indirect: The nurse tells the patient that he has chronic conjunctivitis resulting from ultra
violet radiation.
Change in Personal Pronoun
• There are three persons of personal pronoun.
III Person He, she, it, they Him, her, it, His, her, its,
them their
Rule to change personal pronoun
• The following rule ay help the student to change pronouns of reported speech. ‘SON’ is a
word consisting of 3 letters.
N – No change
1. The doctor said to the nurse,” Which injection 1. The patient said to the nurse, “ Is the doctor
will you give to the patient?” in?”
Indirect: The doctor asked the nurse which Indirect: The patient asked the nurse If the
injection she would give to the patient. doctor was in.
2. The patient said to the nurse, “ Who is my 2. The patient said to the doctor, “ Am I
doctor?” from mucous fibrosis?”
Indirect: The patient asked the nurse who his Indirect: The patient asked the doctor if he was
doctor was. suffering from mucous fibrosis.
Point: Sentences within reported speech having Point: Sentence within reported speech starting
‘do/does/did’ without ‘not’: do/does/did will be with ‘Do/Does/Did’ without ‘not’ : ‘ DO/does/did
removed. is removed. If there is ‘not’ with ‘Do/Does/Did’,
If ‘do/does/did’ has ‘not’ : ‘do/does/did’ will ‘Do/Does/Did’ is not removed.
remain (did not + V1 may change into had not +
V3)
1. The Cardiologist said to him, “ Why did you 1. The nurse said to the patient, “Do you take the
consult a nephrologist in Cardiac problem?” medicine regularly?”
Indirect: The Cardiologist asked him why he Indirect: The nurse asked the patient if he look the
consulted a nephrologist in Cardiac problem. medicine regularly. `
2. The nurse said to the patient, “ How do you feel 2. John said to me. “ Do you rely on allopathy?”
now after your aortoiliac by pass surgery?” Indirect: John asked me if I relied on allopathy.
Indirect: The nurse asked the patient how he felt after
his aortoiliac by pass surgery.
Rules: 1. Reporting verb used: ask (ed)/ inquire (d) Rules: Reporting verb in indirect – ask(ed)
2. wh-word is conjunction 2. Conjunction: If/Whether
IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
1. Order
2. Request
3. Advice
4. Sentences starting with ‘Let’ in reported speech.
I. Order
A. Positive order: Sentence starts with V1 in reported speech
Ex: The nurse said to the ward boy, “ Open all the windows of the room for ventilation”.
Indirect: The nurse ordered the ward boy to open all the windows of the room for
ventilation.
2. Alexander the great said to his commander, “ Be prepared to attack Persia”.
Indirect: Alexander the great ordered his commander to be prepared to attack Persia.
B. NEGATIVE ORDER: Starting with “ Don’t or Never” within reported speech.
If the reported speech starts with ‘Don’t + V1’ in indirect form, ‘Do’ is removed .
Ex:
1. The doctor said to the ward boy. “Don’t allow anyone to enter the operation theatre.”
Indirect: The doctor ordered the ward boy not to allow anyone to enter the operation theatre.
2. Joseph Stalin said to his daughter Swetlana, “ Never dance with that young man again”.
Indirect: Joseph Stalin ordered his daughter Swetlana never to dance with that young man
again.
2. REQUEST
a. Sentences starting with “Please/Kindly + V1” in reported speech.
1. The patient said to the nurse, “ Will you please give me the injection of
gentamycin”.
Indirect: The patient requested the nurse to give him the injection of
gentamycin.
c. Sentences starting with “ Would/could you + V1+ ……………?”
in reported speech.
Indirect : S + request (ed) + (object) + to + V1 +
…………..(would/could you will be removed in indirect form).
Ex: The patient said to the radiologist, “ Would you write the report
of my ultrasound of urethra and prostate gland?”
Indirect: The patient requested the radiologist to write the report of
his (patient) ultrasound of urethra and prostate gland.
d. Sentence starting with ‘Let’ in ‘reported speech’, reporting verb takes
requested/advised/asked/ordered according to the sense of the sentence.
Ex:
Indirect: The nurse asked the patient to let her give him injection.
2. The doctor said to the visitor, “ Let the patient lie in peace”.
Indirect: The doctor advised the visitor to let the patient lie in peace.
3. ADVICE
Sentence in reported speech starts with V1, if positive; or with Don’t V1/Never + v1, if negative;
Reporting verb used is ‘advised’ (There is some kind of advice in reported speech)
Ex: 1. The nephrologist said to the kidney patient, “ Avoid taking nephrotoxic medicines injurious
to kidney”.
Indirect: The nephrologist advised the kidney patient to avoid taking nephrotoxic medicines
injurious to kidney.
2. The cardiologist said to the patient, “ Never take fatty diet, a cause of M.I,”.
Indirect: The cardiologist advised the patiet never to take fatty diet, a cause of M.I.
4. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES
• These sentences show strong emotions of sorrow, joy, anger etc.
Indirect: S + exclaim (ed) with sorrow that + indirect form of remaining sentence.
Indirect: S + exclaim (ed) with joy that + indirect form of remaining sentence.
2. She said, “ Hurrah! I have been selected for the nursing course”.
Indirect: She exclaimed with joy that she had been selected for the nursing course.
Indirect: The doctor applauded his patient saying that he was recuperating.
Sentences starting with “How/What a +…….!”
Ex:
1. The nurse said to the patient, “ How weak you have grown!”.
Indirect: The nurse exclaimed that the patient had grown very weak.
Indirect: The patient exclaimed that she was a very caring nurse.
Indirect: The patient exclaimed that the doctor was very nice.
EXCERCISE
• The patient said, “ Alas! I have malignancy”.
• The doctor said, “ Oh! It is some mysterious illness as yet unknown to medical
science”.
• The patient said, “ How useful the sea side is for recuperation!”
Ex:
Indirect: The patient thanked the nurse for looking after him
during his stay in hospital.
D. Direct: “Happy Birthday/etc”.
Indirect: S + wished + (O) + happy birthday/etc.
Ex:
Ex:
1.The doctor said to the patient, “ Congratulations on
successful kidney transplantation”.
Indirect: The doctor congratulated the patient on successful
kidney transplantation.
2. Sentences starting with ‘may’ and ending in ‘!’
The reporting verb takes ‘wished/prayed/cursed’ according to sentence.
Indirect: S1 + wished/prayed + that + S2 + may/might+ V1 +………(object in direct
speech is shifted after ‘that’ in indirect speech).
Ex:
1. The nurse said to the patient, “ May you convalesce soon!”.
Indirect: The nurse wished that the patient might convalesce soon.
2. The matron said, “ May you get well”.
Indirect: The matron prayed that he might get well.
3. The old woman said to him, “ May you go to hell”.
4. The people said, “ Long live our king!” (“May our king live
long!”)
Indirect: The people prayed that their king might live long.
EXERCISE 1: Change into Indirect
1.The nurse will say, “ May you recuperate soon!”
2.The nurse said to the T.B. patient, “How lean and thin you are !”
3.The neurosurgeon said, “ What a big blood clot it is!”
4.The relieved patient said to the nurse, “Good – bye, sister!”
5.The patient said to sister Clara, “ Good morning”.
6.The nurse switched off the light of the ward and said to the
patient, “Good night”.
7.The angry general said to the soldier, “Go to hell!”
EXERCISE 2: Change into Indirect
1. He said to me, “ I need your help”.
2. You have said to me, “ You are not my friend”.
3. The boy said to me, “ What do you want”.
4. I said to him, “ Do you like my work”.
5. She has said to me, “ Is it your thermometer?”
6. The patient said to the nurse, “ Please take my temperature”.
7. The nurse said to the patient, “ What a fast pulse he has!”
8. The patient said, “ Hurrah! My Eliza H.I.V. test is negative”.
9. The nurse said to the patient, “ May I take your B.P.?’
10.The nephrologist said to the patient, “ Congratulations! It is the case only of ARF
not CRF”.