The Definite Integral

Lesson 1. Definition and Fundamental Concept of Calculus

Integral Calculus is classified into two types:

 Indefinite integral – defined as unbounded

summation
 Definite integral – the boundary of
summation is being defined
The Fundamental Concept of Calculus
• In general, the definite integral is expressed
mathematically as:
𝑏
𝑏
න 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐹(𝑥)
𝑎 𝑎
= 𝐹 𝑏 − 𝐹(𝑎)

where: b = the upper boundary/limit

a = the lower boundary/limit
Illustrative Examples:
Find the antiderivative first, then apply the limits by
substituting the value of x.
2
1. ‫׬‬1 5 𝑑𝑥

2
= 5𝑥
1
=5 2 −5 1

= 10 − 5

=𝟓
Illustrative Examples:
1
2. ‫׬‬0 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 5 𝑑𝑥

𝑥3 3𝑥 2 1
= − + 5𝑥
3 2 0

13 3(1)2 03 3(0)2
= − +5 1 − − + 5(0)
3 2 3 2

1 3
= − +5−0
3 2
𝟐𝟑
=
𝟔
Practice Problems:
6
1. ‫׬‬2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

5 2
2. ‫׬‬3 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 4 𝑑𝑥