TRANSPORT CALCULATIONS

Transportation of Drain Sump Tank

Enquiry/ Order Rev.

Trailer configuration Nicolas Single 10 Liner load length (Ll) = 9780 mm

trailer height (Th) = 1200 mm load height (incl. beams) (Lh) = 5320 mm
trailer width (Tw) = 2990 mm load width (Lw) = 7800 mm
trailer length (Tl) = 15500 mm load weight (Wl) = 60.0 mTon
trailer axle lines (n) = 10 Nos. height CG (y) (incl. beams) (CGh) = 3050 mm
trailer CG (y) (CG) = 935 mm transverse CG (CGt) = 0 mm out
trailer weight (Wt) = 36.0 mTon longitudinal CG (CGl) = 0 mm out
3 or 4 point susp. (p) = 4 point load transparancy factor (Tf) = 1 -
axle base (Sa) = 1820 mm additional weight (Wa) = 0 mTon
axle centre height (Ah) = 381 mm gravitation (g) = 9.81 m/sec²
max axle pressure (Ap) = 15.80 mTon average wind pressure (Wp) = 27 kg/m²
trailer speed (V) = 10.00 km/h curve impact (Ci) = 2.00 %
trailer acceleration (a) = 0.50 m/sec² Mu steel/wood (Mu)= 0.20 -
trailer decceleration (d) = 0.50 m/sec² transverse road gradient (Mgt) = 1.00 deg.
Axles suspended (Sn) = 5-5-5-5 Nos. longitudinal road gradient (Mgl) = 1.00 deg.
Safe stability angle(Ssa) = 8 deg. chain capacity (cc) = 5.00 mTon each
Note: All assumptions are worst case

LASHING CALCULATION

Acceleration Forces on Max Ground Slope:

F = (Wl + Wa) * sin ( Mgl ) = 1.05 mTon
N = (Wl + Wa) * cos ( Mgl ) = 59.99 mTon
R1 = (((Wl + Wa) * a ) / g) + F - ( Mu * N ) = -7.9 mTon
C1 = R1 / cc ( If R1 negative, no chains required ) = 0 chain(s) required in front direction

Decceleration Forces on Max Ground Slope:

F = (Wl + Wa) * sin ( Mgl ) = 1.05 mTon
N = (Wl + Wa) * cos ( Mgl ) = 59.99 mTon
R2 = (((Wl + Wa) * d ) / g) + F - ( Mu * N ) = -7.9 mTon
C2 = R2 / cc ( If R2 negative, no chains required ) = 0 chain(s) required in rear direction

Chains required for lashing: = C1 + C2 0 chain(s) required

Single system, load and trailer (Y/N)? : y = Wt / cc 8 chain(s) required

GROUND BEARING PRESSURE CALCULATION

Weight Trailer + Load + Add. Weight = Wtot = 96 mton

Load / line 96 mTon over 10 Lines = 9.6 mTon

Load / axle 96 mTon over 20 Axles = 4.8 mTon
Load / tyre 96 mTon over 80 Tyres = 1.2 mTon
Ground Pressure = 2.1 mTon/m²

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STABILITY ON STABILITY CALCULATION

CGtoth = ((Wt*CG) + ((Wl+Wa)*(CGh+Th)))/Wtot = 3007 mm (C.O.G. of Trailer + Load + Beams)

CGtott = ((Wl + Wa) * CGt) / Wtot = 0 mm out of center
CGtotl = ((Wl + Wa) * CGl) / Wtot = 0 mm out of center
Lsqr = 0.5*Tl = 7750 mm Length of stability square

Longitudinal stability angle

Aminl = (Tl/2 - 0.5*GroupD - CGtotl) = 3900 mm CGtotl towards 2 groups (C&D)"
Lng. Cam= Aminl / (CGtoth - Ah) = 1.4850 Longitudinal Stability Camber
Lng. Grad= arctan (Lng. Cam.) = 56.0 deg. Max. longitudinal Gradient on Stability
OK !
Transverse stabitily angle
Amint = (Sa/2)-CGt = 910 mm CGtott towards groups A&D"
Tr. Cam. = Amint / (CGtoth-Ah) = 0.3466 Transeverse Stability Camber
Tr. Grad = arctan (Tr. Cam.) = 19.1 deg. Max. Transverse Gradient on Stability
OK !

STABILITY ON STRENGTH CALCULATION

CGtoth = ((Wt*CG) + ((Wl+Wa)*(CGh+Th)))/Wtot = 3007 mm C.O.G. of Trailer + Load + Beams

CGtott = ((Wl + Wa) * CGt) /Wtot = 0 mm out of center
CGtotl = ((Wl + Wa) * CGl) / Wtot = 0 mm out of center
Fwt = Wp * (Transverse Load Surface * Tf) = 1.67 mTon Transverse Wind Force
Mwt = Fwt * ((0.5 * Lh) + Th) = 6.43 mTon * m Transverse Wind Moment
Fwl = Wp * (Longitudinal Load Surface * Tf) = 1.33 mTon Longitudinal Wind Force
Mwl = Fwl * ((0.5 * Lh) + Th) = 5.13 mTon * m Longitudinal Wind Moment
Mt = CGt * (Wl + Wa) = 0.00 mTon * m Moment due to transverse loadoffset
Ml = CGl * (Wl + Wa) = 0.00 mTon * m Moment due to longitudinal loadoffset
Mci = Ci * Wtot * (CGtoth - Ah) = 5.04 mTon * m Curve Impact Moment on Trailer
Ma/d = (( Wtot * a ) / g ) * (CGtoth - Ah) = 12.85 mTon * m Acceleration / Deccelaration Impact
Mroadl = tan(Mgl)*(CGtoth-Ah)*Wtot = 4.40 mTon * m Moment due to road gradient
Mroadt = tan(Mgt)*(CGtoth-Ah)*Wtot = 4.40 mTon * m Moment due to road gradient
Longitudinal stability on strength
Group A 4.80 Group B 4.80 Group C 4.80 Group D 4.80 mTon / axle
0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 mTon / axle (due to moments)
5.09 5.09 5.09 5.09 mTon / axle (Fmax.)
OK ! OK ! OK ! OK !
Lng. Cam= ((Ap*0.5*Tl/Fmax*2)-(0.5*Tl/2))/(CGtoth-Ah)
= 3.1062 Longitudinal Stability Camber
Lng. Grad= arctan (Lng. Cam.) = 72.2 deg. Max. Longitudinal Gradient on strength

Transverse stability on strength

Group A 4.80 Group B 4.80 Group C 4.80 Group D 4.80 mTon / axle
0.87 0.87 0.87 0.87 mTon / axle (due to moments)
5.67 5.67 5.67 5.67 mTon / axle (Fmax.)
OK ! OK ! OK ! OK !
Tr. Cam. = ((Ap*Sa/Fmax*2)-(0.5*Sa))/(CGtoth-Ah) = 0.6187 Transverse Stability Camber
Tr. Grad = arctan (Tr. Cam.) = 31.7 deg. Max. Transverse Gradient on strength
OK!

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OVERALL CONCLUSION:

• STABILITY LIMIT: STABILITY ON STABILITY 19.1 deg.

• LASHING CHAINS REQUIRED: 8 Nos.

• GROUND BEARING PRESSURE : 2.1 mTon/m²

GENERAL SITUATION:
Transverse
Stability arm
CGtott 3-point suspension
Group A Group B
Transverse: A or B
Longitudinal: E or F

4-point suspension
Axle Transverse: C or D
Distance
Longitudinal: G or H

CL A
B
CGtotl Tl
C D
Longitudinal C.O.G.
Direction
F

CL
Group D Group C

Sa

Tw
Note 1: General situation, drawing does not adapt to input- and calculated values.
Note 2: Group A and B should have less axles than Group C and D if need be.
Note 3: In case of 3-point suspension Group B = 0.

NOTES:

• The transverse trailer gradient will be kept within +4 and -4 degrees with the road by the trailer operator.
• Calculations are based on trailer driving in normal mode, not in transverse mode.
• All assumptions are highly estimated, and therefor not allways according to the drawings.
• Road gradient is included in lashing and strength calculation but not in stability calculation.

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