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Imp G
Imp G
Class 10
Chapter No. 1
Session 2024-25
Weightage 4 marks
- Sam Levenson
i. Sharanya is making a list of natural resources for a project. She puts wing energy under one
column and coal under another column. On what basis is she classifying the resources?
Resources Examples
Options
a. 12 km
b. 12 nautical miles
c. 19.2 miles
iv.The ocean resources beyond 200 nautical miles are classified under which zone?
d. None of these
v. Which one of the following conferences was convened to discuss environmental protection and
socio-economic development at the global level in 1992?
a. Kyoto Protocol
b. Montreal Protocol
a.Technological development
b. Globalization
c. Economic development
vii. Which relief feature of India has 30% of the total surface area of the country?
a. Plateau
b. Mountain
c. Plain
d. Desert
a. 70 %
b. 38 %
c. 61 %
d. 43 %
ix. Which of the following relief features of India possess the highest reserves of minerals and
fossil fuels?
a. Coastal plain
b. Gangetic plain
c. Shivalik mountains
d. Chotanagpur plateau
x. Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows:
Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Madhya Pradesh are rich in mineral deposits. Arunachal Pradesh
has abundant water resources but lacks infrastructural development. Rajasthan is endowed with
solar and wind energy but lacks water resources.The cold desert of Ladakh has a rich cultural
heritage but it is deficient in water and infrastructure.
xi.The land which is left uncultivated for one or less than one agricultural year is called _____.
a. Culturable wasteland
xii.The piece of land left uncultivated for more than 5 agricultural years is called _____.
a. Barren land
b. Forest land
c. Grazing land
b. Uncultivable land
c. Barren wasteland
xiv. Forest area in the country is far lower than the desired _____ percent of geographical area, as
it was outlined in the National Forest Policy, 1952.
a. 24.43
b. 33
c. 30
d. 35
xv. India has land under a variety of relief features. Which of the following features ensure the
perennial flow of some rivers, and provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects?
a. Plains
b. Plateaus
c. Islands
d. Mountains
xvi. Continuous use of land over a long period of time without taking appropriate measures
results in _____.
a. Land degradation
b. Soil erosion
d. Denudation
xvii. Overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation in the following states.
xviii. In which of the following states, deforestation caused land degradation due to mining?
a. Kerala
b. Punjab
c. Odisha
d. Rajasthan
Ans. Option (c) [In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha deforestation due to
mining is the main cause of land degradation.]
a. Alluvial
b. Laterite
c. Black
d. Mountainous soil
a. Mountain soil
b. Red soil
c. Black soil
d. Laterite soil
a. Black soil
b. Red soil
c. Alluvial soil
d. Laterite soil
xxii. Identify the soil with the help of clues given below:
Options
a. Forest soil
b.Yellow soil
c. Black soil
d. Laterite soil
Ans. Option (d) [Also remember the above features of laterite soil]
xxiii. By which name is the bad land in the Chambal basin known?
a. Fallow land
b. Ravines
c. Gullies
d. Wasteland
a. Shelter belts
b. Strip cropping
c.Terrace farming
d. Contour ploughing
xxv. Match the following efforts of resource conservation from column A with years from column
B.
Column A Column B
xxvii.There are two statements given below, marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the
statements and choose the correct option.
Options
Q. No. 2) Identify the soil with the help of the following features.
Ans. Arid soil. [*Also remember the above features of arid soil. Questions can be asked like this: Mention any 3
features of arid soil.]
Q. No. 3) Identify the soil with the help of the following features.
Ans. Alluvial soil. [*Also remember the above features of alluvial soil. Questions can be asked like this: Mention
any 3 features of alluvial soil.]
Q. No. 4) Identify the soil with the help of the following features.
It develops under tropical and subtropical climates with an alternate wet and dry season.
Mostly deep to very deep, acidic, and generally deficient in plant nutrients.
It is humus-rich, but under sparse vegetation and in a semi-arid environment, it is generally
humus poor.
They are prone to erosion.
Ans. Laterite soil. [*Also remember the above features of the soil. Questions can be asked like this: Mention
any 3 features of laterite soil.]
Ans. Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, provided, it is
technologically accessible, economically feasible, and culturally acceptable can be termed as a ‘Resource’.
Biotic resources
Abiotic resources
Individual resources
Community-owned resources
National resources
International resources
Q. No. 9) Examine the major problems created as a result of the indiscriminate utilization of
natural resources. How can this situation be averted?
Ans. The problems created as a result of indiscriminate utilization of natural resources are:
Depletion of resources at a faster rate for satisfying the greed of a few individuals.
Accumulation of resources in few hands, as a result, dividing the society into two segments i.e., haves and
have-nots or rich and poor.
Increase in global ecological crises such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental
pollution, and land degradation.
Judicious use of resources should be done keeping in mind the need of the present and future.
There should be equal distribution and sharing of resources so that everyone gets desired benefits.
Resource planning should be done.
We should divert ourselves to the use of non-conventional sources.
Ans. Agenda 21 is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on
Environment and Development (UNCED), which took place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It aims at achieving global
sustainable development.
To combat environmental damage, poverty, and disease through global cooperation on common
interests, mutual needs, and shared responsibilities.
Every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.
Or,
Resource planning is a widely accepted strategy for the judicious use of resources.
Resources in India are not evenly distributed. Some parts of the country are rich in one resource but
deficient in other important resources. For example – Rajasthan is rich in solar and wind energy but
lacks water resources. Jharkhand is rich in minerals and coal deposits but lacks industrialization.
Most of the resources present in our environment are limited. Therefore, if these resources are not
preserved or not used rationally we will be in great trouble.
To reduce regional disparity.
To save for future generations and to avoid wastage or overutilization of resources.
Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves surveying,
mapping, and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill, and institutional setup for
implementing resource development plans.
Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Q. No. 13) Write any three human activities which are responsible for land degradation in India.
Ans. Three human activities responsible for land degradation in India are:
Mining: Expansion of mining and quarrying have contributed significantly to land degradation. In
Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Orissa deforestation due to mining have caused severe
land degradation.
Over-grazing: In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of
the main reasons for land degradation
Over-irrigation: In the states of Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh, over-irrigation is
responsible for land degradation due to water logging leading to an increase in salinity and alkalinity in
the soil.
Mineral processing like the grinding of limestone for the cement industry and calcite and soapstone for
the ceramic industry generates huge quantities of dust in the atmosphere. It retards the process of
infiltration of water into the soil after it settles down on the land.
Q. No. 14) Suggest and explain ways to protect the land from degradation in various states of
India.
Or,
i. Forests
1. Current fallow (left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year)
2. Other than the current fallow (left uncultivated for the past 1 to 5 agricultural years)
Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus the net sown area is known as gross cropped area.
Q. No. 16) Study the pie diagram representing the land use data of India for the year 1960-61 &
2014-15 and answer the following questions:
a. Mention the percentage of land under the net sown area in 1960-61 & 2014-15 respectively.
b. Why maximum share of land is under Net Sown Area in India? Give two reasons.
c. State why 33 % of the geographical area should be under forest as mentioned in the National
Forest Policy of 1952. Give two reasons.
Ans. a.
1960-61: 45.26%
2014-15: 45.5%
b. Maximum share of land is under the net sown area in India because:
The growing food demand to feed the growing population of India is responsible for the maximum share
of land under the net sown area.
To achieve food security the share of land under the net sown area is more.
33 % of the geographical area should be under forest as it is essential for maintaining ecological balance.
It provides a livelihood to millions of people who live on the fringes of these forests and depend upon it.
Q. No. 17) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give four main
features of this type of soil.
Ans. Alluvial soil is found in the entire northern plain. It is the most widely spread soil in India.
Q. No. 18) Classify alluvial soil on the basis of age and differentiate between them.
Or,
Ans. According to age, alluvial soils can be classified as old alluvial (Bangar) and new alluvial (Khadar).
Khadar Bangar
ii. Lower concentration of kankar nodules. ii. Higher concentration of kankar nodules.
iii. It has more fine particles. iii. It has less fine particles.
Ans. The following are the characteristics of regur soil (also known as black soil):
It is made up of extremely fine clayey material. They are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture.
It is rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime.
These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents.
They develop deep cracks during hot weather, which helps in the proper aeration of the soil.
It is ideal for growing cotton, so it is also known as ‘black cotton soil’.
Ans.
ii. Develop in areas of low rainfall. ii. Develop in areas of high rainfall.
v. These are highly porous and less fertile, but where these v. These are less fertile, only grass grows in
are deep, these are fertile. abundance.
Q. No. 21) Define soil erosion. Explain the two types of soil erosion mostly observed in India.
What are the causes of soil erosion in India?
Ans. Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, caused by various agents such as water, wind,
and human activities. This can lead to loss of fertile land, reduced crop yields, and increased risk of landslides
and flooding.
Gullies: The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels/gullies. The unfit land
caused by gullies is called bad land or ravines.
Sheet erosion: Water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. The topsoil is washed away. This
process is known as sheet erosion.
Human activities like deforestation, over-grazing, construction, mining, etc. are responsible for soil
erosion.
Natural forces like wind, glaciers, and water also lead to soil erosion. Running water cuts through the
clayey soil and makes deep channels known as gullies, which makes the land unfit for cultivation. The
wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land known as wind erosion.
Soil erosion is also caused due to defective methods of farming. Ploughing in the wrong way i.e., up and
down the slope forms channels for the quick flow of water leading to soil erosion.
Q. No. 22) What are the factors that have contributed to the development of various types of
soils in India? Suggest any three methods through which soil erosion can be prevented.
Or,
Or,
Ans. India has varied relief features, landforms, climatic reals, and vegetation types which have contributed to
the development of various types of soils.
Contour ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines can decrease the speed of water flow down the
slopes and soil erosion can be prevented.
Terrace cultivation: Step or terrace cultivation on slopes restricts erosion. Western and Central
Himalayas have well-developed terrace farming.
Strip cropping: Large fields can be divided into strips and strips of grass are left to grow between the
crops. This breaks up the force of the wind and prevents soil erosion.
Shelter belts: Rows of trees called shelter belts have led to the stabilization of sand dunes in the desert
in western India.
Must Read:
Resources and Development Class 10 Notes
Class 10 Revision Notes
Class 10 Important Questions
Hope these questions were helpful to you in preparing this chapter for your exams. Please share this
with your friends and do comment on your doubts/suggestions in the comment section below.
Abj
January 17, 2023 at 6:41 PM
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Author
January 17, 2023 at 6:45 PM
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Niraj
January 18, 2023 at 7:19 AM
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Author
January 18, 2023 at 11:17 AM
Okay
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Sushant
January 25, 2023 at 6:09 PM
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Anmol Kumar
February 1, 2023 at 1:21 PM
Sir, this had been very helpful to me. Please upload important questions of all chapters of social
science and science.
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Author
February 1, 2023 at 1:23 PM
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Bansal
March 6, 2023 at 2:38 PM
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Author
March 6, 2023 at 5:04 PM
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Bansal
March 6, 2023 at 6:06 PM
Welcome 🤗 sir
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Rahul
February 5, 2024 at 11:03 AM
Hi sir
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Bansal
March 6, 2023 at 6:09 PM
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Author
March 6, 2023 at 6:30 PM
Yes, I have now changed Option (b). There was some typing mistake.
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Jagmohan
March 7, 2023 at 11:07 AM
Sir your all videos and Q/A are best . Please come live on YouTube for some doughts
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Ranveer
January 21, 2024 at 8:36 PM
Sir in the difference between Bangar and Kharar as the second point is not correct
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Sakshi negi
March 4, 2024 at 6:10 AM
Hii sir
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