Background of the Study

Itq is a reality that in today's society, traditions and cultures are already fading and forgotten by
people, not only in the Philippines but also among different barangays and communities. Every
place and community have their own traditions, practices, and culture. In the Cordillera region,
specifically in Dacudac, there is a traditional justice system called Sapata that is practiced in
some parts of the province. Sapata involves a ritual where elders seek the help of their gods or
"anitos" to identify the person responsible for a crime. The victim and the suspected suspect
agree to undergo this process to determine the truth. This practice includes the accused person
drinking rice wine after consuming smoked etag, and it is usually conducted at sunrise. While
Sapata is considered an "Inayan" or unrecommendable practice by most elders, it serves as a
reminder of the importance of honesty and discourages lying.

Integrity and honesty are crucial in solving issues in Barangay as they contribute to effective
problem-solving, foster trust and credibility, promote transparency, and encourage community
participation. By upholding these values, the Barangay can thrive as a united and progressive
community, working together towards a brighter future.

Integrity and honesty are fundamental values that contribute to the well-being and trust within
communities. Communities that prioritize these values tend to have stronger social bonds,
increased cooperation, and a more positive environment. However, many communities face
challenges related to ethical behavior and honesty, which can undermine trust and hinder
social progress. According to Johnson (2018), upholding integrity and honesty within a
community leads to stronger social bonds, increased cooperation, and a more positive
environment.

Sapata, as a traditional justice system, is a unique practice that highlights the importance of
integrity and honesty in resolving issues within the community. By seeking the help of their
gods and following a ritual, the community members involved in Sapata aim to identify the
person responsible for a crime. This process emphasizes the value of honesty and discourages
lying. While Sapata may be considered an unconventional practice, it reflects the community's
commitment to upholding integrity and honesty in their pursuit of justice. (Igorotage)