Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES 0457/11

Paper 1 Written Examination May/June 2018
INSERT (Resource Booklet)
1 hour 15 minutes
*6170892990-I*

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

This Resource Booklet contains Sources 1 to 4. The time for reading these sources is allowed for within the
time set for the examination.

This document consists of 3 printed pages and 1 blank page.

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Source 1

Total world population by

age group, 2010 to 2050
10 1.5
1.3
1.0
Number of people (billions)

8 0.7
0.5 5.8 6.0
5.5
5.0
6 4.5

2
1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

0
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
Year

Key
65 and older
15 to 64
Younger than 15

This graph shows how the number of people in different age groups within the world’s population is
predicted to change. The number of children is predicted to remain stable but the number of older
people is predicted to increase.

Source 2

The average age of the world’s population is rising. It is happening very quickly and in most countries.
At present, people aged 60 and over are 12.5 per cent of the global population. By the year 2050, this
number will rise to 22 per cent of the global population.

According to the United Nations, people are living longer because of cleaner water and improved
sanitation. Greater access to health care and employment are also causes.

The ageing of the world’s population presents everyone with opportunities and challenges.
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Source 3: More money is needed for the elderly

A recent report suggests that elderly people are living longer. More money will be needed for their
health care, pensions and local services. This might include more public transport and places for the
elderly to meet and enjoy themselves.

Many people aged over 65 believe more money should be spent on their welfare. Elderly people are
likely to protest and will take political action to improve their lives, especially if their needs are ignored
by governments.

The United Nations says that more old people are joining charities that fight for their rights. Politicians
claim that more old people are asking for help to solve their problems.

Extract from a newspaper article published in Asia in 2016

Source 4: A radio debate

Young or old: who should come first?

Carla

In my culture old people are respected. We see them as wise and ask them for help and advice. My
grandparents live with us and we care for them if they are ill.

Old people deserve to be supported by us – it is only fair and right. They cared for us when we were
children. Now it is our turn. We owe our lives to them.

My grandparents care for my baby sister when I am at school and my parents are at work. Now that
more women go out to work to bring in enough money for the family, the contribution of the elderly
family members is even more important than before. My grandparents help to pay for my education. I
think the needs of old people should be the priority.

Evy

In my country, the elderly have been lucky. Most of them had a job all of their lives. They have very
generous pensions and can afford to go on lots of holidays. Their education was free and university
was paid for by the government.

Young people today are not so lucky. There is much youth unemployment caused by the world financial
crisis and the slow pace of economic growth. In most countries education is now expensive. Many
young people cannot afford to pay for somewhere to live.

According to the World Bank in 2015, in some parts of the world young people are the most likely to
suffer from poverty. A recent research study of armed conflict shows how in some places young people
become victims of warfare. Professor Singh uses many statistics to describe how they suffer high
casualty rates, lose parents and are likely to become orphans and refugees.

Young people are not old enough to care for themselves. As a young person myself, I believe that our
needs should come first. After all, we are the future!
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
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 Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 6 1 7 0 8 9 2 9 9 0 *

GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES 0457/11

Paper 1 Written Examination May/June 2018
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Any rough working should be done in this booklet.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 9 printed pages, 3 blank pages and 1 Insert.

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Read the information in the accompanying Resource Booklet and answer all questions.

1 Study Sources 1 to 3.

(a) Identify the trend in total world population shown in Source 1.

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(b) From Source 2, identify two reasons why people are living longer.

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(c) Which reason for people living longer do you think is the most significant? Explain why.

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(d) Using Source 3, explain one local and one national consequence of an ageing population.

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2 Study Source 3.

(a) ore money is needed for the elderly.’

What are the strengths and weaknesses of the argument supporting this claim?

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(b) any people aged over believe more money should be spent on their welfare.’

How could you test this claim? You may consider the types of information, sources of evidence
or methods you might use.

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3 Study Source 4.

(a) Identify one fact from Carla’s statement.

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(b) Identify one opinion from Evy’s statement.

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(c) Identify an example of vested interest in Source 4. Explain why this is a vested interest.

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(d) hich argument is more convincing, Carla’s or Evy’s

Your answer should consider both arguments and you should support your point of view with
their words.

You should also consider:

• the strength of their reasoning and evidence

• their use of language
• the different types of information used.

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4 Which age group do you think should be given priority in government spending: young or old
people?

In your answer you should:

• state your opinion

• give reasons and evidence to support your opinion
• use the material in the sources and/or any of your own ideas
• consider different arguments and perspectives.

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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
m

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
co

Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
e.

the live examination series.

at
-m

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
m
xa

© UCLES 2018 0457/11/M/J/18

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