Signal and Information Processing

Networking and Computers

Proceedings of the 7th International
Conference on Signal and Information
Processing Networking and Computers
ICSINC 1st Edition Yue Wang
Visit to download the full and correct content document:
https://textbookfull.com/product/signal-and-information-processing-networking-and-co
mputers-proceedings-of-the-7th-international-conference-on-signal-and-information-pr
ocessing-networking-and-computers-icsinc-1st-edition-yue-wang/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Signal and Information Processing Networking and

Computers Proceedings of the 4th International
Conference on Signal and Information Processing
Networking and Computers ICSINC Songlin Sun
https://textbookfull.com/product/signal-and-information-
processing-networking-and-computers-proceedings-of-the-4th-
international-conference-on-signal-and-information-processing-
networking-and-computers-icsinc-songlin-sun/

Signal and Information Processing Networking and

Computers Proceedings of the 5th International
Conference on Signal and Information Processing
Networking and Computers ICSINC Songlin Sun
https://textbookfull.com/product/signal-and-information-
processing-networking-and-computers-proceedings-of-the-5th-
international-conference-on-signal-and-information-processing-
networking-and-computers-icsinc-songlin-sun/

Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems:

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on
Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems Vol 1
Wei Wang
https://textbookfull.com/product/communications-signal-
processing-and-systems-proceedings-of-the-12th-international-
conference-on-communications-signal-processing-and-systems-
vol-1-wei-wang/

Advanced Information Networking and Applications:

Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on
Advanced Information Networking and Applications
(AINA-2019) Leonard Barolli
https://textbookfull.com/product/advanced-information-networking-
and-applications-proceedings-of-the-33rd-international-
conference-on-advanced-information-networking-and-applications-
Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on
Communications Signal Processing and Systems 1st
Edition Qilian Liang

https://textbookfull.com/product/proceedings-of-
the-2015-international-conference-on-communications-signal-
processing-and-systems-1st-edition-qilian-liang/

The Proceedings of the Second International Conference

on Communications Signal Processing and Systems 1st
Edition Hua Liu

https://textbookfull.com/product/the-proceedings-of-the-second-
international-conference-on-communications-signal-processing-and-
systems-1st-edition-hua-liu/

The Proceedings of the Third International Conference

on Communications Signal Processing and Systems 1st
Edition Jiasong Mu

https://textbookfull.com/product/the-proceedings-of-the-third-
international-conference-on-communications-signal-processing-and-
systems-1st-edition-jiasong-mu/

Bistatic SAR System and Signal Processing Technology

1st Edition Robert Wang

https://textbookfull.com/product/bistatic-sar-system-and-signal-
processing-technology-1st-edition-robert-wang/

Machine Intelligence and Signal Processing Proceedings

of International Conference Misp 2019 1st Edition
Sonali Agarwal (Editor)

https://textbookfull.com/product/machine-intelligence-and-signal-
processing-proceedings-of-international-conference-misp-2019-1st-
edition-sonali-agarwal-editor/
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 677

Yue Wang
Lexi Xu
Yufeng Yan
Jiaqi Zou Editors

Signal and
Information
Processing,
Networking and
Computers
Proceedings of the 7th International
Conference on Signal and Information
Processing, Networking and Computers
(ICSINC)
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

Volume 677

Series Editors
Leopoldo Angrisani, Department of Electrical and Information Technologies Engineering, University of Napoli
Federico II, Naples, Italy
Marco Arteaga, Departament de Control y Robótica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán,
Mexico
Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi, Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India
Samarjit Chakraborty, Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, TU München, Munich, Germany
Jiming Chen, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Shanben Chen, Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Tan Kay Chen, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore,
Singapore, Singapore
Rüdiger Dillmann, Humanoids and Intelligent Systems Laboratory, Karlsruhe Institute for Technology,
Karlsruhe, Germany
Haibin Duan, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China
Gianluigi Ferrari, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
Manuel Ferre, Centre for Automation and Robotics CAR (UPM-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid,
Madrid, Spain
Sandra Hirche, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Science, Technische Universität
München, Munich, Germany
Faryar Jabbari, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA,
USA
Limin Jia, State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
Janusz Kacprzyk, Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
Alaa Khamis, German University in Egypt El Tagamoa El Khames, New Cairo City, Egypt
Torsten Kroeger, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Qilian Liang, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
Ferran Martín, Departament d’Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra,
Barcelona, Spain
Tan Cher Ming, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Wolfgang Minker, Institute of Information Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Pradeep Misra, Department of Electrical Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
Sebastian Möller, Quality and Usability Laboratory, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Subhas Mukhopadhyay, School of Engineering & Advanced Technology, Massey University,
Palmerston North, Manawatu-Wanganui, New Zealand
Cun-Zheng Ning, Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
Toyoaki Nishida, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Federica Pascucci, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi “Roma Tre”, Rome, Italy
Yong Qin, State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
Gan Woon Seng, School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University,
Singapore, Singapore
Joachim Speidel, Institute of Telecommunications, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
Germano Veiga, Campus da FEUP, INESC Porto, Porto, Portugal
Haitao Wu, Academy of Opto-electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Junjie James Zhang, Charlotte, NC, USA
The book series Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering (LNEE) publishes the latest developments
in Electrical Engineering - quickly, informally and in high quality. While original research
reported in proceedings and monographs has traditionally formed the core of LNEE, we also
encourage authors to submit books devoted to supporting student education and professional
training in the various fields and applications areas of electrical engineering. The series cover
classical and emerging topics concerning:
• Communication Engineering, Information Theory and Networks
• Electronics Engineering and Microelectronics
• Signal, Image and Speech Processing
• Wireless and Mobile Communication
• Circuits and Systems
• Energy Systems, Power Electronics and Electrical Machines
• Electro-optical Engineering
• Instrumentation Engineering
• Avionics Engineering
• Control Systems
• Internet-of-Things and Cybersecurity
• Biomedical Devices, MEMS and NEMS

For general information about this book series, comments or suggestions, please contact leontina.
dicecco@springer.com.
To submit a proposal or request further information, please contact the Publishing Editor in
your country:
China
Jasmine Dou, Associate Editor (jasmine.dou@springer.com)
India, Japan, Rest of Asia
Swati Meherishi, Executive Editor (Swati.Meherishi@springer.com)
Southeast Asia, Australia, New Zealand
Ramesh Nath Premnath, Editor (ramesh.premnath@springernature.com)
USA, Canada:
Michael Luby, Senior Editor (michael.luby@springer.com)
All other Countries:
Leontina Di Cecco, Senior Editor (leontina.dicecco@springer.com)

** Indexing: Indexed by Scopus. **

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7818

Yue Wang Lexi Xu Yufeng Yan
• • •

Jiaqi Zou
Editors

Signal and Information

Processing, Networking
and Computers
Proceedings of the 7th International
Conference on Signal and Information
Processing, Networking and Computers
(ICSINC)

123
Editors
Yue Wang Lexi Xu
China Academy of Space Technology China Unicom
Beijing, China Beijing, China

Yufeng Yan Jiaqi Zou

Beijing University of Posts and Telecomm Beijing University of Posts and Telecomm
Beijing, Beijing, China Beijing, China

ISSN 1876-1100 ISSN 1876-1119 (electronic)

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
ISBN 978-981-33-4101-2 ISBN 978-981-33-4102-9 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4102-9

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from
the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained
herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard
to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721,
Singapore
Preface

It is our great honor to welcome you to the 7th International Conference on Signal
and Information Processing, Network and Computers (ICSINC 2020 Spring).
The ICSINC 2020 committee has been monitoring the evolving COVID-19 pan-
demic. We have decided to delay the 2020 edition of this conference from May to
September.
ICSINC 2020 Spring provides a forum for researchers, engineers and industry
experts to discuss recent development, new ideas and breakthrough in signal and
information processing schemes, computer theory, space technologies, big data and
so on.
ICSINC 2020 Spring received 280 papers submitted by authors, and 129 papers
were accepted and included in the final conference proceedings. The accepted
papers will be presented and discussed in 27 regular technical sessions and two
workshops.
On behalf of the ICSINC 2020 committee, we would like to express our sincere
appreciation to the TPC members and reviewers for their tremendous efforts.
Especially, we appreciate all the sponsors for their generous support and advice,
including Springer, China Unicom, HuaCeXinTong. Finally, we would also like to
thank all the authors for their excellent work and cooperation.

Yue Wang
Li Guo
ICSINC 2020 General Chairs

v
Committee Members

International Steering Committee

Songlin Sun Beijing University of Posts

and Telecommunications, China
Takeo Fujii The University of Electro-Communications,
Japan
Ju Liu ShanDong University, China
Chenwei Wang DOCOMO Innovations (DoCoMo USA
Laboratories), USA
Jiaxun Zhang China Academy of Space Technology, China

General Chairs
Yue Wang China Academy of Space Technology, China
Li Guo Beijing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, China

Technical Program Committee Chair

Songlin Sun Beijing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, China

Publication Chair
Lexi Xu China Unicom Research Institute, China

General Secretaries
Jiaqi Zou Beijing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, China
Yufeng Yan Beijing University of Posts
and Telecommunications, China
vii
viii Committee Members

Sponsors
Springer

China Unicom

HuaCeXinTong
Contents

Satellites and Remote Sensing

A Satellite-Ground Integration Test Scheme for Spacecraft Attitude
and Orbit Control System Based on 1553B Bus Architecture . . . . . . . . 3
Zhixiong Jiang, Yushuang Wang, Mingyu Xie, Han Qu, and Bin Gu
Test System Design of Satellite Antenna Pointing Performance
Based on Dynamic Orbit Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Qing Yin, Peng Yu, Lige Bai, Fan Hu, Kai Fang, and Zhendong Li
High Accuracy Orbit Control for Ocean Dynamics Operational
Environmental Satellite with Large Inclination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Jianmin Zhou, Junling Zhang, Jun Yuan, and Tiange Shi
Monitoring Frequency Stability of GNSS Satellite Clock Utilizing
Modified Technique Based on the In-Orbit Data
of Phase Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Yanghe Shen
Design and Implementation of a Multi-channel System Level Test
Scheme for High Orbit High Power SAR Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Zhiya Hao, Liang An, Kui Peng, and Zhongjiang Yu
Rapid Response Mode for Data Relay Satellite System with Single
Access and Multiple Access Links Co-processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Xiaoqun Chen, Peng Zhang, Hong zhao, Huixia Sun, Jingtao Li,
and Le Xu
Satellite Formation Strategy Based on Bat Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Rui Hou, Jun Miao, Chi Zhang, and Yumeng Ma
A Low-Complexity Autonomy Scheme for Data Transmission
Subsystem of Agile Satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Qi Guo, Zhijia Liu, and Lin Yan

ix
x Contents

Energy Balance Analysis Simulated System for Remote Sensing

Agile Satellite Based on MATLAB Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Shuo Feng, He Gao, Jianbo Du, Zhongjiang Yu, and Kui Peng
Research on Oil Species Identification and Overall Design
of Satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Zhi Yuan, Lina Wu, and Jian Xing
Research on Batch Test Process of Micro-satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Xun Rong, Yuanmei Jia, Qingzhong Zeng, and Kaijie Li
Sharing C-band Frequency Between Satellite and Terrestrial 5G
Communication Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Huipeng Han, Yaxing Cai, and Jinhui Zhang
Lunar Observation Research on Low-Orbit Remote
Sensing Satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Yong-chang Li, Jing Wang, Meng-yu Qiu, and Lu Zhang
SoC Design and Implementation of CAN 2.0 Protocol Toward
Satellite Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Yalong Pang, Xinxin Wang, Shuai Jiang, Jiyang Yu, and YueHua Niu
Remote Sensing Satellite Rapid Response Technology Based
on Orbit Maneuver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Ran Zhang, Xiaojuan Li, Junhui Yu, and Yufei Huang
Research on Special Automatic Test Technology of Antenna
Subsystem SAR Antenna Secondary Power Supply Based on High
Resolution SAR/GMTI Satellite System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Yan Li, Haibo Li, Chenlei Cao, Qing Chen, Lu Xiao, Wenting Hu,
Minghua Zhang, and Binbin Zhang
Angular Momentum Management Design and on Orbit Verification
of GEO Navigation Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Chen Bin, Han Dong, Yan Rong, Liu Weijie, and Ju Meiqi
Capability Analysis of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System GSMC
Service for LEO Earth Observation Satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Shasha Zhang and Jingshuang Cheng
Predicting Satellite Power System Parameter Interval Based on
Optimized Kernel Extreme Learning Machine and Proportional
Coefficient Method with Differential Evolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Lingqiang Xie, Qiang Zhang, and Dechang Pi
An Autonomous Mission Management Method for Agile Imaging
Satellite Based on Dynamic Adjustment of Action Sequences . . . . . . . . . 159
Xiaojuan Li, Junhui Yu, He Gao, Jinyuan Ma, and Ran Zhang
Contents xi

Research on Agile Satellite Imaging Simulation Technology Based

on STKX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Yuting Li, Jing Yu, Longjiang Yu, Lijia Fan, Yue Wang, and Hongtao Gao
Analysis of the Magnetic Field Data During the Vacuum Thermal Test
of the Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Lili Ge, Zhenyu Tang, Hao Li, Zhong Peng, Qinghai Liu, Yuchuan Peng,
Tao Li, Liang Ding, Hua Zhao, Qiongying Ren, and Yi Zong
Design and Development of a Simulation System for GNSS Radio
Occultation Satellite Constellation Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Jue-Yao Wang, Chao Gao, Feng Yan, Shi-Long Wei, Min He,
and Bibo Guo
Application of Electromagnetic Signal Shielding Processing
Technology in Microwave Remote Sensing Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Zhang Lei, Wang Yuyang, Wu Tingting, and Cheng Lili
Research on Software Reuse for Satellite Control Software Based
on Product-Line Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Qian Wu, Xiaofeng Li, Xiaobing Xie, Weilin Jia, Yongqi Li, Tianyi Qi,
Ruoxi Xu, and Li Li
Motion Compensation for Data Transmission Dantenna Angle
During Satellite Attitude Maneuvering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Ding Jianzhao, Mo Fan, Cheng Li, Zhang Tao, Wu Rina, Liu Jie,
Yao Xinyu, and Chen Chao
Generalized Nonparallel Proximal Support Vector Machine
with Applications on Ship Detection Using Satellite Images . . . . . . . . . . 216
Tingting Guo
Research on the Effect of Amplitude-Frequency Fluctuation
for Satellite Data Transmission Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Jian Ming
A Test Method for Satellite Autonomous Flight Based
on Mixed Propulsion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Jiao Rong-hui and Duan Chuan-hui
Influence Analysis of Carrier Phase Noise on Modulation and
Demodulation Performance in Satellite Communication Downlink . . . . 238
Zhang Wei
Channel Coding Simulation Method of Satellite Communication
Data Link Based on Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Chen Chen, Ying Zhu, Xiaoni Wu, Ke Li, and Hao Zhang
xii Contents

Research on Navigation Satellite Predistortion Parameter

Reconstruction Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Qibing Xu, Yikai Wang, Zhimei Yang, and Lixin Zhang
Research and Improvement of Remote Sensing Image Restoration
Algorithm Based on Wiener Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Yunsen Wang, Xuejin Shen, Xianguang Cheng, and Jixia Liu
Design Method of Core Index of Remote Sensing Satellite for Power
Transmission and Transformation Equipment Patrol System . . . . . . . . 271
Yang Zhi, Fei Xiang-ze, Ma Xiao, Ou Wen-hao, Zhao Bin-bin, Liu Bin,
Li Chuang, and Wang Ji-ye
Study on Space-Borne Remote Sensing Imaging System
by MagicGrid Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Zhongqiu Xia and Ruimin Fu
Research of Intertidal Remote Sensing Image Fusion Method Based
on Logical Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Jian Xing, Lina Wu, and Shilin Dong
One Method and Application for Remote Real-Time Processing
& Analyzing of Payload Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Chuan Zhao, Wengao Lu, and Jianfeng Dai

Spacecraft Technology
Research on Quantitative Evaluation of Spacecraft Model Control
Subsystem Product Assurance Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Xu Jingyu, Yu Songbai, Ning Yu, and Cai Junliang
Electrical Power Sizing and Performance Simulation Tools
for Spacecraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314
Dongsheng Jiang
The Research on the Application of Design Pattern of Object-
Oriented Software Development Technology in Aerospace
Embedded Software Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Jian Guan, Jianwei Du, and Huiyan Cheng
Experimental Research on Direction Modulation of Plasma Flow
Generated in Helicon Plasma Thruster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Liang Ding, Huiqi Zheng, Yuchuan Peng, Qiongying Ren, and Hua Zhao
Design of Fast Response High-Voltage Power Supply for the
Electrostatic Deflection System in a Low-Energy Particle
Spectrometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Hao Li, Yuchuan Peng, Lili Ge, Junfeng Wang, Zhong Peng,
Zhenyu Tang, Qinghai Liu, Wei Qin, Tao Li, Qiongying Ren, Hua Zhao,
and Yi Zong
Contents xiii

Design and Implementation of Spacecraft Telecommand Quickly

Generation System Based on LUA Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
He Gao, Shuo Feng, Hongjiang Song, Weiping Dong, Tianqing Zhang,
Jianbo Du, and Rongzheng Luo
The Research of Aerospace Software Product Line Engineering . . . . . . 357
Chengliang Guo, Junyuan Teng, Meng Gao, and Yunsong Jiang
An Improved In-Orbit Standardized Support Management Mode
for Multiple Spacecraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Nan He
Development of Heterogeneous Computing and Virtualization
in Spaceborne IMA During 2010–2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Yanjun Feng, Xiaodong Han, Nan Xu, Jianglei Gong, Lang Le,
Chuan Xing, Kaifei Yang, Yakun Wang, Xiao Chen, and Weiyu An
Observer-Based Finite-Time Stabilization Control of Spacecraft
with Reaction Flywheel Effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Anliang Li, Shaoyu Zhang, Xu Yang, Jun Wei, Xiaobo Hui,
Haiguang Zheng, and Junchen Dai
A Ground Support System Design for the Lunar Rover . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Shengyi Jin, Peng Song, Zhengrong Shen, and Yanhong Zheng
A Method to Suppress Radiated Noise of ARINC659 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Chao Lan, ShengKun Shi, and JingQiong Wang
Design and Implementation of Simulation Verification System
for Spacecraft Autonomous Mission Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Tianqing Zhang, He Gao, Can Liu, Hongjiang Song, and Lantao Liu
A Micro-vibration Measurement Method of High-Resolution Space
Camera Based on Target Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
Qipeng Cao, Min Huang, Jingyu Liu, and Zhao Ye
Design and Implementation of Health Management for Modular
Spacecraft Avionics System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
Pei Nan and Zhang Yi
Research on Brightness Temperature Reconstruction Methods
in the Imaging Experiment of ASMR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
Xiaojiao Yang, Jian Dong, Yinan Li, Yuanchao Wu, Pengfei Li,
and Hao Li
Design of Air-Breathing Electrical Propulsion Based
on Cargo-Spacecraft for Replenishment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Yuchuan Peng, Huiqi Zheng, Hao Li, Zhong Peng, Hua Zhao,
Qiongying Ren, Tao Li, and Liang Ding
xiv Contents

Imaging Monitoring and Measurement of Moving Target in Orbit

Based on CMOS Image Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
Lantao Liu, Xinuo Chang, Shaohui Li, Xiaoyang Zhao, Xi Chen,
Haihua Li, Fuqiang Liu, Tianqing Zhang, Yufei Huang, and Jian Ming
Test Design and Verification of a Model-Based Spacecraft Thermal
Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Ailing Han, Wei Zhang, Wei Lv, Da Li, and He Gao
Integrated Monitoring System of Plasma Environment
and Surface Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
Zhong Peng, Hao Li, Yuchuan Peng, Lili Ge, Yelan Liu, Junfeng Wang,
Qionyin Ren, Hua Zhao, Tao Li, and Yi Zong
Research on the Application of Augmented Reality Technology
in Spacecraft Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
Gang Sun, Huajun Chen, Lijian Zhang, and Changyu Chen
Study on the Equivalence of Design Method for Sine Test Condition
of Spacecraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
Junfeng Wang, Zengyao Han, Yumei Zhang, and Jifeng Ding
Channel Coding Information Hiding Technology Based
on Spacecraft Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
Rui Zhang, Nan Ye, Shuanglan Mao, Liang Peng, and Bo Zhang
Channel Coding Recognition Method Based
on Spacecraft Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499
Nan Ye, Rui Zhang, Yikai Wang, Yi Zhang, and Dayang Zhao
Comparison and Improvement of the Structure of the Space
Plasma Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
Yuan Tian, Yanlin Xu, and Junfeng Wang
Analysis of the Influence of IQ Imbalance Demodulation on DEM
Measurement of Satellite Millimeter-Wave InSAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514
Zhen-xing Liu
Finite Time Fault-Tolerant Control of Spacecraft Rendezvous
and Docking Based on Linear Sliding Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523
Junting Lv, Xiande Wu, Yong Hao, Wengao Lu, and Fei Han

Algorithms Optimization and Implementation

Optimal Parameter Estimation for High Dynamic Acquisition
of Non-coherent DSSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535
Hehe Guo, Changwan Min, Xiaohu Shen, and Ke Li
Contents xv

Restraining EMI of Displacement Sensors Based on Wavelet Fuzzy

Threshold Denoising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543
Yuting Zhang, Huaian Zhou, Yakai Dong, and Luyuan Wang
Research and Design of Automatic Test Language for Control
System Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 552
Li Li, Yuchen Cai, Dezhi Qiao, Xichao Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Tianyi Qi,
and Hongxia Ji
An Improved Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization Algorithm
for Parameter Optimization Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560
Hongjian Zhang, Jun Zhang, Jian Guan, Dakai Sun, and Ran Zheng
The Design of Lunar Rover Working Procedure Based
on Modulization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568
Jianli Zhang, Song Peng, and Baichao Chen
Cubature Kalman Filter Based Multi-sensor Data Fusion Algorithm
for Maneuvering Target Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577
Zhi Guo, Chunyun Dong, Xu Yang, Hui Han, Qifeng Sun, and Jian Zhang
Research on the Contribution Evaluation Method of Spatial
Infrastructure Information Application System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585
Lina Wu, Zhi Yuan, and Feng Fang
Improvement Study of DPA Method Based on Failure Cases
of Three-Dimensional Embedded Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594
Zhimin Ding, Chao Duan, Xu Wang, Xiaoqing Wang, Zhaoxi Wu,
and Meng Meng
Blind DBF Based on Complex-Valued Independent Component
Analysis Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601
Zhiyu Zhou, Wenqiang Ma, Hua Tian, Jingfeng Gong, Baoxiang Song,
and Xiangan Shang
Research on Method of Image Quality Evaluation Based
on Structural Similarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610
Hongjian Guo, Xu Yang, Yuhong Wang, Heng Wang, Yaruixi Gao,
and Chaoliang Cheng
Improved Progressive TIN Densification Filtering Algorithm Based
on the Seed Point Re-Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619
Ding Guo, Shanshan Li, and Jinjun Zheng
Research on Optimization Design Method of Reliability Validation
Test in the Case of Zero-Failure Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 627
Ming Qi, Zekun Yang, Jinghui Liu, Xuefeng Li, and Dengyun Wu
The Minimum Scale of 4-Port Switch Redundancy Network . . . . . . . . . 635
Biru Wang and Peng Gao
xvi Contents

Design of High-Efficiency Heterogeneous Processing System

for on-Board Mass Telemetry Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
Yuehua Niu, Wenyan Zhao, Xin Li, Weiwei Liu, and Yalong Pang
Digital Pre-distortion Technology Based on the Nonlinear Distortion
of AltBOC Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 652
Liu Han, Ren Hongxuan, and Zhang Lixin
Performance Optimization Technology of Space-Borne SAR Signal
Processor Based on FPGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662
Ren Hongxuan, Liu Han, Ma Xiaoqing, Jiang Tong, and Sun Baohua
Design of Sample-Hold Circuit with SFDR Over 90 dB for High
Speed ADC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671
Qinghai Liu, Zhenyu Tang, Hao Li, Huiqi Zheng, Junfeng Wang,
Yuchuan Peng, Liang Ding, Qiongying Ren, Tao Li, and Hua Zhao
Design of Artificial Intelligence Converged Media
Experimental System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678
Xiao Li, Dongfei Wang, Zheng Li, Xiao Hu, Wei Bai, and Bowen Liu
A Multi-level Attention Fusion Network for Weakly Supervised
Audio Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687
Weibo Zhao, Yuan He, Junsheng Mu, and Xiaojun Jing
Overview of Rate Control Algorithms in Mainstream Video
Coding Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696
Tongtian Yue
Balancing Prediction of Space-Based Network System
in Antagonistic Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704
Hongtao Cui, Weidong Chen, Xiande Wu, Zejing Xing, Yong Hao,
Wengao Lu, and Fei Han

Communication System
Development of Cislunar Space Integrated
Communication Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 715
Baobi Xu, Jionghui Li, Shi Liu, and Xiaoguang Li
A Novel Plume Radiation Model for Analyzing Thruster Plume
Impact on IRES Based on Numerical Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723
Jinpeng Wang, Lizhen Wang, Mingyu Xie, and Zhijun Tu
Not All Branches Are Equal: An Improved QSYM Schema
for Binary Vulnerability Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732
Bo Wu, QinSi Yang, and YuFeng Ma
Contents xvii

Not All Comparisons Are Equal:An Improvement for Input-to-State

Correspondence Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741
Bo Wu, Tao Qi, and YuFeng Ma
Ground Calibration of Star Tracker Low Spatial Frequency Error . . . 749
Wang Miao-Miao, Wu Yan-Peng, Cheng Hui-Yan, Wang Yan-Bao,
Wang Li, Zheng Ran, Wang Long, and Meng Xiao-Di
A Real-Time Hierarchical Fault Diagnosis Strategy for SADA Based
on Information Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 758
Mingyu Xie, Jinpeng Wang, Chaoyong Guo, and Zhixiong Jiang
Implementation of Coordinated Control for Frozen Orbit by Ion
Electric Propulsion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767
Li Zhiwu, Yu Linghui, Xie Song, Tan Tian, and Bai Zhaoguang
Research on Loss of Uplink Ranging Signal
of the TT&C Transponder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 774
Jie Liang, Shilin Dong, and Pengcheng Hu
Radio Frequency Radiant Simulation Method of SAR Target Signal
Based on Multi-element Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783
Ruoxi Xu, Xiao He, Hongda Yao, and Qian Wu
Channel Coding and Modulation Technology in Satellite
Communication Based on Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792
Yifeng He, Zhemin Duan, Nan Ye, Rui Zhang, and Xiaojun Lu
Overview of IPTV Development in China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799
Zhe Chen, Yaguang Yin, Xiaoning Lu, Jie Yang, and Yu Wang
A Handover Management Strategy Using Residence Time
Prediction in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808
Zhichao Qin, Wenchuan Feng, Zhaojuan Yue, and Hui Tian
Geocoding Accelerated Approach to Estimate the Sensor Coverage
Ratio of Internet of Things . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817
Yebing Ren, Wenqi Li, Wei Liu, Jiangbo Dong, Yanlei Chen,
and Shengdong Xie
A Markov Process-Based Anomaly Detection of Time Series
Streaming Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827
Jinyi Chen, Xiaoxiang Wang, Qi Li, and Wanjiang Han
Radar Signal Sorting in Small Sample Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
Mengdi Chang, Songlin Sun, Lingfeng Fang, and Xinyue Wang
A User-Define Method of Coding Rule Checking Using HAL . . . . . . . . 844
Sun Yuming, Yao Chunyue, and You Jing
xviii Contents

Research on Radar Signal Sorting Algorithm Based

on Supervised Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851
Yuhao Liu, Xinyue Wang, Songlin Sun, Bo Li, Mengdi Chang,
and Chang Su
Research on Real Radar Pulse Signal Sorting Technology Based
on Machine Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861
Bo Li, Songlin Sun, and Yuhao Liu
A Novel Microwave Radiometer Using Frequency
Scanning Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870
Chao Gao, Hailiang Lu, Zhiqiang Wang, Rongchuan Lv, and Hao Li
Massive Semi-structured Data Platform Based on Elasticsearch
and MongoDB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877
Yue Du
SINR Estimation in eMBMS Scenes with Subspace
Signal Enhancement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 885
Lin Li, Song Xu, Guoliang Nie, Yuyang Liu, and Songlin Sun

Big Data Workshop

The Analysis of Dual-Polarized Antenna in Polarized
Wireless Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895
Meng Zhang, Qiaoyu Zhang, and Xiaofei Zhang
Research on Classroom Attention Analysis Based on Multi-source
Data Correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 903
Ya-Nan Zhang, Runsha Dong, Yang Wu, Xinzhou Cheng, Chen Cheng,
and Lexi Xu
Supervised Machine Learning in 5G NSA Networks for Coverage
and Performance Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910
Li Xu, Saibin Yao, Ling Li, Weirong Fan, Jingwei Lin, and Qing Chen
An Improved Location Method Research for Mobile Terminal . . . . . . . 917
Yuan Fang, Yang Zhang, Ao Shen, Jinhu Shen, Pengcheng Liu, Zetao Xu,
Jimin Ling, and Jinglei Zuo
The Method of Accurate Coverage Optimization for 5G Massive
MIMO Based on Big Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924
Pengcheng Liu, DeSheng Wu, Yang Zhang, Zetao Xu, Yuan Fang,
Ao Shen, Jinhu Shen, Jimin Ling, and Jinglei Zuo
The Interference Mitigation Method and Field Test in C-Band
Between 5G System and FSS Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 935
Yushan Pei, Fuchang Li, Yao Zhou, Yi Feng, and Yuande Tan
Contents xix

Energy Saving Technology Research and Effect Verification

of LTE Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943
Yuan Fang, Jinglei Zuo, Zetao Xu, Ao Shen, Jinhu Shen, Pengcheng Liu,
Jimin Ling, and Yang Zhang
Analysis of LTE and NR Shared Spectrum Based on Traffic Load . . . . 951
Jinge Guo, Yang Zhang, Bao Guo, and Liang Zhao
The Introduction and Prospect of Extended Range Forecasting
in 11~30 Days at the National Meteorological Center in China . . . . . . . 959
Minquan Xiong and Kan Dai
Cross-Screen Tracking Method Based on User Behavior Data . . . . . . . . 965
Xin He, Lexi Xu, Jian Guan, Yunyun Wang, Kun Chao, and Xijuan Liu
A Virtual Optical Network Mapping Algorithm Based
on Machine Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 972
Yunyun Wang, Yongsheng Chi, Jie Gao, Lexi Xu, Xin He, and Kun Chao
Big Data Ecological Platform Architecture Design and Construction
Practice in Telecommunication Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 982
Rui Yang, Zhijun Wang, Pan Xie, and Lexi Xu
An Evaluation Model of User Lifetime Value Based on Improved
RFM and AHP Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 991
Qingqing Zhang, Yongsheng Chi, Yuhui Han, Lexi Xu, Chen Cheng,
Heng Zhang, Tao Zhang, Yuxuan Wu, and Xinzhou Cheng
Architecture and Technology of Multi-Source Heterogeneous Data
System for Telecom Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000
Lexi Xu, Gaofeng Cui, Xin Hu, Shuaijun Liu, Yuwei Jia, Tao Zhang,
Jie Gao, Runsha Dong, Yao Zhou, Xinzhou Cheng, and Xin He
Intelligent Detection of Network Coverage Problems Based
on the Clustering Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010
Ma Yu, Yang Jieyan, Zhu Jiajia, and Cheng Xinzhou
Exploration and Practice of China Unicom Multi-scene Capability
Construction and Open Platform for Large-Scale
Heterogeneous Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1019
Yang Bai, Rui Yang, Ji Xiao, Zhijun Wang, Pan Xie, Xinzhou Cheng,
and Jie Gao
PoC Testing Analysis of Big Data Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1027
Dong Runsha, Zhang Ya-Nan, Wu Yang, Cheng Xinzhou, and Xu Lexi
The Next Generation Identity Platform for Digital Era Based
on Blockchain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1035
Rui Yang, Na Liu, Zhenjiang Pang, Yu Wang, Qiang Jia, Wenda Lu,
Zhendong Li, Meng Li, and Lei Wu
xx Contents

Research on Rulebase Metamodel Construction and Management . . . . . 1045

Hong Zhu and Shuang Wang
Kubernetes Realizes the Cloud & Network Cooperation Based
on Hardware SDN Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1052
Nan Kang, Xin Xing, Benzhong Wang, Xuesong Zhang, and Hong Jiang
Data Visualization of 5G Speed Test Platform Using Tableau . . . . . . . . 1060
Wang Baoyou, Yao Saibin, Huang Jiucheng, Hang Xufeng,
and Qi Yongjia
Intelligent Mobile Communication Network Plan for 5G Based
on Insight Big Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1068
Cao Guang Shan, Zhang Jian Ming, Hao Xue Yi, Li Nan, and Li Lei
Research and Application of Precision Marketing Algorithms
for ETC Credit Card Based on Telecom Big Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1075
Xinyi Tang, Chen Cheng, and Lexi Xu

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1085

Satellites and Remote Sensing
 A Satellite-Ground Integration Test
Scheme for Spacecraft Attitude and Orbit
Control System Based on 1553B Bus
Architecture

Zhixiong Jiang(&), Yushuang Wang, Mingyu Xie, Han Qu,

and Bin Gu

Beijing Institute of Control Engineering,

Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
jiangzhixiong98@163.com

Abstract. The integration test of spacecraft attitude and orbit control system
(AOCS) is an important means to confirm whether the design of the system meets
the mission requirements throughout the whole process of system development.
The AOCS based on 1553B bus architecture is gradually applied to Chinese
spacecraft. In this paper, the status of AOCS integration test and the characteristics
of the AOCS based on 1553B bus architecture are analyzed and a satellite-ground
integration test scheme for AOCS based on 1553B bus architecture is proposed.
The scheme of testability and ground environment for four types of integration test
are introduced and the technical features of sensor closed-loop method, actuator
closed-loop method and component RT simulation method are emphasized. The
application of the test scheme for AOCS of the satellite is also given. The test
scheme has the advantages of universality, expansibility, convenience and relia-
bility, which can improve the test efficiency and quality of AOCS significantly.

Keywords: 1553B bus
Architecture
Attitude and orbit control system

Testability
Integration test

1 Introduction

The integration test of attitude and orbit control system (AOCS), which includes the
open-loop component test and the closed-loop simulated-flight test [1], can be divided
into system development test, the whole-satellite assembly integration test (AIT) and
shooting range test based on testing phase [2]. According to differences of test items
and test states in the different testing phases, four types of integration test are defined:
the system-level component test, the full-function closed-loop test, the status confir-
mation closed-loop test, and the simulator closed-loop test. The full-function closed-
loop test is a detailed test on functional indicators and/or performance of the system
when all products are assembled. The state confirmation closed-loop test is a simplified
functional test of the system. The simulator closed-loop test aims to perform functional
test on system when some products are not assembled. The integration test scheme of
the AOCS has to meet the requirements of four types of test mentioned above, while
having universality, expansibility, convenience and reliability [3].

© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
Y. Wang et al. (Eds.): Signal and Information Processing, Networking
and Computers, LNEE 677, pp. 3–11, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4102-9_1
4 Z. Jiang et al.

The AOCS of current spacecraft is limited by the serial-port based architecture and
customized grounding interface of components. The integration test scheme is mainly
based on the ground testing environment [4]. The testability design on the satellite is
deficient and mainly depends on the design of controller. Characteristics of current
integration test scheme of the AOCS is as follows: (1) Lack of a unified architecture of
test scheme, the test methods of each single unit are customized which leads to poor
universality; (2) The hardware board must be changed when many components are
assembled by the ground environment based on customized interface, which indicates a
deficient expansibility; (3) The test scheme is complicated, the ground environment is
large-sized and inconvenient, e.g. the test scheme of AOCS introduced in [5]. In order
to deal with the situation that the integration test has to be conducted when some
products are not involved, the signal adapter has to be designed with two modes.
Besides, the grounding serial ports, constant current sources, and grounding detection
signals like analog signal must be classified and adjusted; (4) Problems caused by cable
switching introduced by different test methods, long-distance signal crosstalk brought
by customized weak current signals and non-digital signals such as analog signals, and
re-calibration on signals when status of the test changes, present the potential quality
problems and poor reliability.
With the intelligent function expansion and performance improvement on the
AOCS of spacecraft, domestic AOCS in the fields of remote sensing, communication,
and space station has begun to apply the architecture based on the 1553B bus [6]. The
integration, digitization, and intelligentization of units of the AOCS have been greatly
improved, which provides the condition for developing on-board testability design. [7]
introduced the advantages of testability design of the control system based on the
1553B bus architecture. [8] provided design recommendations on system-level testa-
bility that decompose the target of testability design on each unit according to the test
requirements. [9] proposed a new universal 1553B test platform. The domestic research
mentioned above is still in the development stage of the testability design of the on-
board system and there is scarcely any research on the testability design of the system-
level integration test scheme related to the AOCS.
Based on the current test status of the AOCS and the characteristics of the 1553B
bus architecture, this paper conducts the research and design on the integration test
scheme of the AOCS, and proposes an integration test scheme based on satellite-
ground joint design. The technical features of the scheme are also introduced.

2 Characteristics of AOCS Based on 1553B Bus

Architechture

The bus topology of the AOCS based on the 1553B bus architecture is shown in Fig. 1.
The controller as the BC terminal of the architecture is the central control computer.
The sensor in RT terminal includes infrared earth sensor, star sensor and gyroscope.
The actuator in RT terminal comprises drive control device, control moment gyro
(CMG) and solar array drive assembly (SADA).
The advantages to the design of system integration test brought by applying the
1553B bus as the internal data transmission interface of the AOCS are as follows:
 A Satellite-Ground Integration Test Scheme 5

Fig. 1. The architecture of the AOCS satellite-ground joint integration test scheme

(1) The customized unit grounding interface for data collection can be canceled.
The real-time data of the single unit on the bus can be acquired by applying the MT
function of 1553B bus, which greatly reduces the types and number of satellite-ground
interface signals.
(2) The standard bus communication interface simplifies development of the sim-
ulator when the on-board AOCS is not completely assembled. By using the RT
function of the 1553B bus, multiple RT interface can be configured on the dynamics
computer to simulate various components of the AOCS.
(3) The capability of data transmission is strong. The transmission rate of the 1553
bus reaches 1Mbps, which can meet the data transmission requirement of the AOCS
while transmitting large-capacity data related to the integration test.

3 The Scheme of Satellite-Ground Joint Integeration Test

3.1 Architecture of Test Scheme
By implementing the joint design of the on-board system and the ground testing
environment, the architecture of the AOCS satellite-ground joint integration test
scheme is constructed as shown in Fig. 1 according to the characteristics of the AOCS
based on the 1553B bus architecture.
By analyzing the system test requirements, the system is divided into individual
components. The functional design and testability design of the individual components
are conducted simultaneously. Test modules are added based on the normal function
modules of each component. Meanwhile, the information flow and data monitoring
flow between each component are designed. The test module introduces the testability
mechanism that facilitates test processing into the products. The design requirements of
test module are as follows: (1) the function must be independent, and has no influence
on the performance of normal functions and timing sequence; (2) the interface have to
be standard (including protocols and electrical interfaces), which can simplify and
unify the design of ground environment. The test module of the controller implements
functions such as receiving and forwarding the test data. The test module of the sensor
6 Z. Jiang et al.

and the actuator are applied to provide various test data required for the open-loop
component test or the closed-loop simulated flight test.
The ground testing environment consists of test host computer, main control
computer, and data server. The test host computer aims to complete collection of
actuator signals, transmission of sensor signals, and calculation of attitude and orbit
kinematics and dynamics simulation. The main control computer is responsible for the
management and scheduling of test sequences. Data processing, storage and display are
implemented in the data server. Compared with the traditional test scheme, the test host
computer uses 1553B boards with the features of intelligentization, generalization, and
standardization instead of numerous component simulators, which simplifies the signal
adapter. The test host computer is connected to the 1553B bus as an RT terminal for
implementing data interaction with the products on the satellite. The bus monitor MT
monitors and records the information flow data of the 1553B bus in the system to
facilitate problem analysis. The multiple RT board simulates multiple RT components
based on the bus communication protocol.

3.2 Design of Test Scheme

Based on the above test scheme architecture, the test scheme shown in Table 1 are
designed for the four types of integration tests, which include the operating state of the
on-board system and the configuration state of the ground environment.
Besides, the digital signals are anti-interference.

Table 1. Design of satellite-ground joint integration test scheme

Test types System-level Full-function closed-loop Status confirmation Simulator closed-
component test closed-loop test loop test
test
Controller Normal Normal function module; Normal function
function Test module; module
module
Sensor Normal Normal function module; RT simulators
function Test module
module
Actuator Normal Normal function module; Normal function RT simulators
function Test module; module
module; Test
module1;
Ground Bus monitor Dynamics calculation; Dynamics calculation; Dynamics
Environment MT Ground equipment RT; Bus Ground equipment calculation; Bus
monitor MT; Signal adaptor; RT; Bus monitor MT; monitor MT; Multi-
RT simulators;
Note 1: instruction sequence of actuators complete component test autonomously.
The test scheme designed has the following advantages: (1) generalization: unified test schemes for sensors
and actuators; (2) expansibility: adding and deleting products are only related to software modification,
which means the schemes have expansibility on 1553B bus architecture; (3) convenience: by designing the
on-board testability, the size of the ground environment has been greatly reduced, which indicators that there
is no need for the large-scale signal adapters and simulators; (4) reliability: switching between four types of
test status only requires software switching.
 A Satellite-Ground Integration Test Scheme 7

4 Technical Features of the Test Scheme

4.1 Sensor Closed-Loop Method
In order to achieve the long-term power-on state on the sensor test and the consistency
in satellite-ground cable connection, a sensor closed-loop test method based on digital
signal excitation is designed. The information flow is shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2. The information flow of sensor closed-loop test

(1) Protocol of Satellite-Ground Simulation Data Packet

The ground dynamics generates the sensor simulation data and the ground RT
equipment regularly updates the data. The simulation data packet uses the CCSDSS
data packet [10] standard as the same as that in satellite. The format consists of two
parts, head and data domain, which is uniformly defined with high standardization and
good expansibility.
(2) Test Module of Controller
The function design of test module aims to acquire the simulation data of sensors from
the ground testing RT-equipment, to complete data verification and judgment, to for-
ward the simulation data to the sensor, and thereby to implement the uplink of the
sensor’s digital excitation signal. The normal function module collects sensor data to
conduct calculations on closed-loop attitude and monitoring on telemetries.
(3) RT-Sensor test module
The communication between the sensor and the controller includes two parts: the
attitude information used for closed-loop calculation and the operating state data. The
test module receives the ground simulation data forwarded by the controller, and
generates the attitude data as the output of products based on the received simulation
data. The operating status data is still collected by the normal module. The final data
generated by the two data packets is sent to the controller to implement the closed-loop
test and the monitoring on its own status data.

4.2 Actuator Closed-Loop Method

In the closed-loop test, the ground system needs to collect information such as the
control pulse width of thruster, control voltage of magnetic torquer, low-speed frame
position of the CMG products, and the angular velocity of the SADA. The information
collection on the actuator conducted by the ground testing equipment can be divided
into two ways, as shown in Fig. 3.
8 Z. Jiang et al.

Fig. 3. Diagram of data collection from actuators to the ground dynamics

(1) Testing serial port collection mode

The actuator designs the test mode, and provides the actuator status information
required for the closed-loop test. The ground testing equipment is equipped with the
signal adapter, which collects the output information of the on-board products through
the grounding serial port. The rate of real-time sampling is fast, and it can satisfy the
requirement on 10 ms-level of dynamics simulation calculation and accurately reflect
the operating status of the on-board components. Therefore, the closed-loop test system
has high accuracy and good real-time performance.
(2) MT monitoring mode
In the AOCS based on the bus architecture, the bus monitor (MT) can monitor and
collect all the data on the 1553B bus, extract the data sent by the RT address and sub-
address corresponding to the actuator. By analyzing the actuator information from the
extracted data and forwarding them to the ground dynamics module, the the collection
of actuator information is implemented. This method greatly simplifies the scale of
testing equipment. A portable industrial computer can be employed to complete the
entire closed-loop simulated flight test, which reduces the connection of satellite-
ground testing cables and is suitable for rapid confirmation of the system’s closed-loop
function.

4.3 RT-Component Simulator Closed-Loop Method

The test host computer is equipped with the muti-RT 1553B board, which can
implement up to 31 real-time simulations of RT at the same time. The multi-RT
simulators aim to simulate each product of the AOCS, especially when products are not
assembled. The architecture based on the RT-component simulator is shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 4. The closed-loop architecture of the system based on the RT-component simulator

The test host computer designs corresponding component simulators based on the
function of different components. The sensor simulator converts the satellite attitude
calculated by the dynamics into its own attitude information and simulates the operating
 A Satellite-Ground Integration Test Scheme 9

state of corresponding products. The actuator simulator receives the control instructions
and simulates the real kinematics features of the actuator. The RT address allocation and
communication protocol design of each component simulator is consistent with the on-
board real products. By applying 1553B bus interface, they provide sensor attitude data
required for the closed-loop test and receive control instructions from the actuator.
This method has no influence on the on-board controller. No extra function design
is added. The only operation is to perform the function of normal function modules.
When some products are not assembled, the ground equipment specifies the corre-
sponding RT simulator to work by using soft switches, which has no effort on the
communication of other on-board real products. In this state, only the controller is
necessary for conducting the closed-loop test. This method can implement the system
function test with the minimum component configuration, and complete the component
failure mode test by modifying the parameters of the related simulator online.

5 Application

The test scheme proposed has been applied in the AOCS of an agile maneuver satellite
based on 1553B bus architecture. The configuration of this satellite consists of a control
computer as BC and 25 RT-components, which include infrared sensors, gyroscopes,
star sensors, CMG, SADA and actuator control unit. According to the above test
scheme, the test module has been uniformly designed in the software of the on-board
products. The hardware configuration of the ground testing environment includes: the
test host computer, the main control computer and the data server. In the state con-
firmation closed-loop test, only a portable test host computer is required. Software
configuration is implemented in the test host computer based on the status of the
component. Compared with the traditional test host computer, dynamic signal adapter,
simulator signal adapter, and simulator configuration of a variety of customized
components, the scale of test equipment required is greatly reduced.Some typical test
curves include the attitude of AOCS, sensors and actuators are shown in Fig. 5.

Rolling Angle Pitch Angle Yaw Angle CMG1 CMG2 CMG3 CMG4 CMG5 CMG6
5 0.12
0.08 Low-speed Frame Rate of the CMG
3
0.04
1 0
-1 -0.04 1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001
1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001
-3 -0.08
-5 -0.12

Rolling Angle Pitch Angle Yaw Angle Gyro1 Gyro2 Gyro3

5 0.1
3 Gyro Angular Velocity
0.05
1
0
-1
1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 -0.05 1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001
-3
-5 -0.1

Fig. 5. Typical test curves of AOCS

10 Z. Jiang et al.

The application results present that the scheme designed for the four types of tests is
suitable for various states and stages of the integration test. During the test, the
hardware status between components in the AOCS and ground equipment is consistent.
There is no operation on the status of satellite-ground cable connection during the
status switching, which greatly improves efficiency and reliability of the test compared
with the traditional test scheme. The compliance of functions and performance of the
whole system has been verified.

6 Conclusion

Favorable conditions for solving the deficiency of integration test scheme for the
AOCS of traditional spacecraft has been provided by the advantages of 1553B bus
architecture. A satellite-ground joint integration test scheme for the characteristics of
the AOCS based on the 1553B bus architecture has been proposed in this paper, which
satisfied the requirement of four types of test for the AOCS. The proposal of the scheme
has a great significance in improving the test technology, test quality and test efficiency
of the system. By configuring the signal adapter in the ground integration testing
environment while components of the AOCS can still employ the traditional test
approaches, the proposed test scheme has performed many advantages in various
aspects and a good compatibility. In the future, the further work on testability design of
on-board products based on the intelligent component, and simplification and stan-
dardization of the design on test methods, test cases, and test interpretations can be
conducted by jointly applying the proposed scheme and design approach on system-
level testability proposed in [8]. Finally, the international advanced level on the
capability of integration test in the AOCS can be achieved.

References
1. Peng, C., Yue, L., Jinfeng, H., Yi, G.: Design of universal satellite integrated test system
based on classification management. Modern Defence Technol. 266(04), 157–166 (2018)
2. Li, P., Wang, J.: Development and implementation technology of comprehensive satellite
testing technology[C]. In: The 3rd High-level Forum of National Defense Technology
Industry Test and Development Strategy of Test Technology, (2010)
3. Harry, J.: Integrated systems testing of spacecraft. In: The 37th International Conference on
Environmental Systems(ICES). Chicago: Aviation Industry Development Research (2007)
4. Xiaowei, F., Huamao, W., Yan Jindong, L., Chengzhi, W.Q.: Current situation overview of
spacecraft system level test. Spacecraft Eng. 26(1), 120–126 (2017)
5. Jufeng, D., Li, Y., Yue, W.: OSA-Based testing technology of spacecraft control system.
Aerospace Control Appl. 38(5), 34–37 (2012)
6. Ning, Y., Qi, Z., Rongxiang, C.: Internal bus-based AOCS configuration. Aerospace Control
Appl. 38(2), 30–34 (2012)
7. Haibo, W., Li, Y.: Frame design and verification of DFT Technique for control system of
spacecraft based on 1553B bus architecture. Aerospace Control Appl. 40(2), 26–30 (2014)
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Taikapeili
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.

Title: Taikapeili
Nelinäytöksinen satunäytelmä

Author: Larin-Kyösti

Release date: October 19, 2023 [eBook #71912]

Language: Finnish

Original publication: Jyväskylä: K. J. Gummerus Oy, 1916

Credits: Tapio Riikonen

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TAIKAPEILI

***
TAIKAPEILI

Nelinäytöksinen satunäytelmä

Kirj.

LARIN-KYÖSTI

Jyväskylässä, K. J. Gummerus Osakeyhtiö, 1916.

HENKILÖT:

IMANDRA, Suvikunnan kuninkaantytär.

KAUKOVALLAN PRINSSI, kuljeksiva kuninkaanpoika.
OTRO, hänen ystävänsä.
HOVIHERRA, |
HOVIROUVA, | kuninkaantyttären holhoojia.
INKERI, kamarineiti.
KEPULI, |
HEPULI, | kujeilijoita.
Hoviväkeä, keihäsmiehiä, morsiuspiikaisia, paimentyttöjä,
soittajia y.m.
NÄYTÖS I

Linnan etuhuone.

(Hovirouva tulee toiselta, hoviherra toiselta taholta, tekevät

naurettavia kumarruksia ja niiauksia, asettavat sormet suulleen ja
sipsuttavat prinsessan huoneen ovelle ja tirkistävät avaimen
reijästä.)

HOVIROUVA. Kuulitteko?

HOVIHERRA

Kyllä minä kuulin.

HOVIROUVA

Kuulkaa, kuinka prinsessa mellastaa. Nyt hän heitti jotain lattialle,

ai!

HOVIHERRA

Kaulakoristeen, jonka hän sai korkealta kosijalta. Rasavilli!

HOVIROUVA

Hän on mahdoton! Eilen hän tahtoi pukeutua ryysyihin ja kulkea

paljain jaloin.

HOVIHERRA

Tuittupää, oikullinen orpo. Hänellä ei ole ikäistensä seuraa. Eilen

hän näki linnanikkunasta paimentyttöjen ajavan lammaskarjaa ja nyt
hän tahtoo olla paimentyttönä.

HOVIROUVA

Hänen täytyy tottua hovitapoihin. Meidän velvollisuutemme on

opettaa ja ohjata häntä.

HOVIHERRA

Mutta hän ei tottele, tekee ja sanoo kaikki päinvastoin. Olisiko

syy…

HOVIROUVA

Syy meissä, minussa? Minä olen aina hyvällä esimerkillä

koettanut…

HOVIHERRA

Hänen pitäisi saada kuulla soittoa, tanssia ja iloita. Ja sitten pitää

hänen rakastua. Minäkin…

HOVIROUVA
 Tekin..? Hän ei huoli kenestäkään. Kääntää kosijoille selkänsä tai
tekee heistä pilkkaa.

HOVIHERRA

Eilen hän istui pitkän aikaa tornikomerossa ja uhkasi vaijeta

kokonaisen viikon… Mutta pohjaltaan hän on hyvä, hän antaa
almuja.

HOVIROUVA

Te olette pilannut hänet. Te olette niin kevytmielinen. Eilen te

nipistitte kamarineitiä korvasta, te, te…

HOVIHERRA

Mi, minä, armollinen rouva, olen aina ollut vain teidän nöyrin
palvelijanne. Mutta nyt prinsessa tulee, vetäytykäämme syrjään.

(Hoviherra ja -rouva poistuvat perälle.)

IMANDRA (tulee paljain jaloin ja hajalla hapsin, kamarineiti rientää

hänen jälessään. Prinsessa heittäytyy maahan.)

Minun on niin ikävä, ikävä että… minä purisin!

INKERI

Menemmekö kutomaan kultakangasta? Sehän huvittaa teidän

korkeuttanne.

IMANDRA
 Ei, ei! Minä osaan jo sen taidon. Minä olen kyllästynyt koreihin
pukuihin ja koreihin puheihin.

INKERI

Nouskaahan, armollinen prinsessa, joku voi tulla!

IMANDRA

Joku kosija? Hahhaa, muistatko, sitä viimeistä minä nipistin

nenästä.

INKERI

Hyi, prinsessa, kuinka te olitte häijy.

IMANDRA

Niin, hovirouva sanoo minua häijyksi ja minä tahdon olla häijy, niin
häijy, että ne ajavat minut linnasta.

INKERI

Kultavaunuissa te kerran linnasta ajatte, te olette niin kaunis ja

maan kuulu, että tänne saapuu ruhtinaita aina Arapiasta kameleilla,
kuormitettuina kullalla ja kalliilla kivillä.

IMANDRA

Minä en tahdo olla kaunis, katsos kuinka minä olen ruma! Sano,
enkö minä ole ruma! —(vetää kasvonsa ryppyihin.)
 INKERI (leikillä)

Ruma kuin hyypiä. Mutta jos nyt saapuisi se Kaukovallan prinssi,

josta huhu käy.

IMANDRA

Kaukovallan prinssi? Keimeileva kenokaula?

INKERI

Ei! Sorea, solakka, yhtä viisas kuin viehkeä. Hän kulkee

tuntemattomana kuin tuhannen yön ruhtinas.

IMANDRA

Jos hän tulee minua kosimaan, niin minä nokean naamani, kynsin
kuin kissa tai juoksen linnankaivoon.

INKERI

Suokaa minun sukia suortuvianne. (Nostaa prinsessan ikkunan

ääreen.)

IMANDRA

No, teehän niin. Mutta lue samalla sitä hauskaa kirjaa paimenesta
ja metsätytöstä!

INKERI (järjestäen tukkaa, lukee)

— — — Ja paimenpoika kulki metsälähteelle, jonka luona istui

ihmeen ihana metsätyttö. Paimenpoika koristi hänen päänsä
mesikukilla, syötti häntä mesimarjoilla, soitteli paimenpillillään, hyväili
häntä kuin katrastaan, ja he nousivat, kulkivat tanssien ilossa ja
rakkaudessa läpi hämyisen metsän — — —.

IMANDRA

Oh, olisinpa metsässä ja kohtaisin kauniin ja kainon paimenpojan!

Täällä minä tukehdun. Minua inhoittaa kaikki hovitavat, tanssin- ja
soitonopettajat! Hyi! (Sylkee).

INKERI

Ai, ai, ei saa sylkeä!

IMANDRA

Mutta minä sylen vaan! Hyi! (kurkistaa ikkunasta). — Kas tuolta

tulee paimentyttöjä! Hei, hei, tytöt, tulkaa tänne!

INKERI

Mutta prinsessa, ne ovat niin likaisia.

IMANDRA

Mutta minä tahdon!

INKERI

Pistetään toki kultakruunu päähän ja kultakengät jalkaan!

IMANDRA
 Ei, ei, kruunu painaa ja kengät puristavat.

INKERI

Mutta hovirouva pistää mustaan komeroon.

IMANDRA

Pistäköön vaan! Minä tahdon olla kuin likainen paimentyttö.

(Paimentytöt tulevat.) Tässä on mesikakkuja! Kuulkaas, miltä
ketunleivät maistuvat, tuleeko niistä kieli vihreäksi? Näyttäkää
kieltänne! Kas niin. Sehän on punainen niinkuin minunkin. (Näyttää
kieltään, tytöt nauravat.)

INKERI

Mutta prinsessa!

IMANDRA

Mutta miksei teillä ole koreita vaatteita eikä mesikukkia kiharoilla?

PAIMENTYTTÖ

Me koristamme itseämme vain sunnuntaina.

IMANDRA

Ja minun pitää olla koreana joka päivä, siksi ei se tunnu miltään.

Minä tahtoisin kulkea metsässä puettuna repaleisiin vaatteisiin.
Annahan, kun koetan! (Aikoo ottaa tytön röijyn.)
 INKERI (estää)

Ei, ei, siinä voi olla pieniä — eläviä.

IMANDRA

Hellan lettu, minä en koskaan näe täällä linnassa pieniä eläviä.

Mutta osaattehan tanssia. Tanssikaa!

(Tytöt tanssivat.)

Kuinka se on kaunista! Siinä ei ole kumarruksia eikä polven

koukistuksia. (Syöksyy keskelle tanssia.) Hih!

HOVIROUVA (tulee)

Mitä tämä merkitsee! Prinsessa, kuinka te käyttäydytte! Tämä on

kauhea rikos hovisääntöjä vastaan. Avojaloin ja hajalla hapsin!

IMANDRA

Minä en välitä säännöistä! Piti, piti, piti!

HOVIHERRA (liehutellen nenäliinaa)

Hirvittävää! Mikä katku!

HOVIROUVA (pirskottaen hajuvettä)

Tuulettakaa huonetta! Ja te karjatytöt, lähtekää heti tiehenne!

(Tytöt pois.)

IMANDRA
 Ei, ei, minä tahdon mukaan. Minä tahdon tanssia heidän
kanssaan.

HOVIROUVA

Kamarineiti, viekää armollinen prinsessa heti pukuhuoneeseen,

sillä kohta tulee tänne Kaukovallan prinssi ja hänen ystävänsä
hovitaidemaalari!

IMANDRA

Jos he tulevat, niin minä rupean rääkymään tai hypin harakkaa.

Joko minä alan? (Tekee liikkeen).

HOVIHERRA

Ä, älkää toki, tuuliviiri prinsessa…!

IMANDRA

Minä en tahdo olla prinsessa!

HOVIHERRA

Vaan harakka!

HOVIROUVA

Hirveätä, harakka!

IMANDRA
 Armollinen rouva! Hyppikää minun kanssani harakkaa!

HOVIROUVA

Olenko minä harakka?

HOVIHERRA

Hahhaa!

HOVIROUVA

Mitä te räkätätte! Te pilaatte prinsessan.

IMANDRA

Hahhahhaa, harakka! (Juoksee tiehensä, Inkeri hänen jälessään.)

HOVIROUVA

Ei, tämä menee jo liian pitkälle, minä ihan halkean harmista.

Hoviherra, te olette kelpaamaton kasvattaja, te turmelette koko
hovin.

HOVIHERRA

No, no, armollinen, muistattehan, te itsekin… hypitte nuorena

harakkaa! Muistatteko, kerran puutarhassa ollessamme…

HOVIROUVA

Siitä on jo kulunut monta vuotta, kun…

HOVIHERRA

… Kun minä katsoin teihin kuin kuningattareeni.

HOVIROUVA (keimaillen)

Oi, kuningattareen! Anteeksi! Minä kiivastuin. Miettikäämme

kasvattavia keinoja.

HOVIHERRA

Prinsessaa hemmoitellaan, vuoroin peloitetaan. Seuratkoon kerran

oikkujaan, olkoon paimentyttönä, niin hän saa nähdä, onko se niin
hauskaa ja runollista.

HOVIROUVA

Te olette oikeassa. Tehkäämme niin, jollei hän suostu Kaukovallan

prinssiin. Menkäämme nyt katsomaan prinsessaa! (Hovirouva ja
hoviherra menevät.)

(Kaukovallan prinssi ja Otro tulevat.)

PRINSSI

Minä näin hänet taas ikkunassa. Mikä suloinen, kiehtova kuva!

Sellaista sinä, Otro, et koskaan ole ikuistanut.

OTRO

Me olemme vaeltaneet kauan tuntemattomina, nyt olette onnenne

ovella. Mutta olkaa varovainen, prinsessa kuuluu olevan omituinen ja
oikullinen.
PRINSSI

Mutta paimentytöt kertoivat hänestä vain hyvää. Minä vapisen

onneni odotuksesta.

OTRO

Teidän korkeutenne! Ette ole ensimmäinen, jonka prinsessa on

karkoittanut.

PRINSSI

Mitä? Kuulin ääniä.

OTRO

Sieltä tulee jo tuulispää! Olkaa vatuillanne! (Vetäytyy syrjään.)

IMANDRA (Toisessa jalassa kenkä, toinen puoli päätä on

palmikkona.)

Mitä? Kuka te olette, mitä te täällä teette?

PRINSSI

Olen Kaukovallan prinssi! Armollinen, armas prinsessa! Kuulu

kauneutenne on minut tuonut tänne kaukaiselta maalta. Te olette
kuin ihana ilmestys.

IMANDRA

Minä en ole kaunis enkä armollinen. Katsokaa! (Vetää tukan

silmilleen.) Minä onnun.
PRINSSI

Se johtuu siitä, että nousitte ehkä vuoteestanne väärällä jalalla.

IMANDRA (tehden eleitä)

Ja minun nenäni on väärässä ja silmäni vinossa. (Vääntelee

nenäänsä ja silmiänsä.)

PRINSSI

Sallikaa minun suudella ruusuista kättänne. (Tarttuu käteen.)

IMANDRA

Hyi, siinä saitte! (Tukistaa prinssiä.)

PRINSSI

Prinsessa, minä en ole tullut tänne tukistettavaksi vaan…

IMANDRA

Vaan?

PRINSSI

Pyytämään teidän kunnioitettavaa kättänne.

IMANDRA

Mitä, kättäni? Mitä te sillä tekisitte? Onhan teillä käsiä

itsellännekin.
PRINSSI

Minä tahtoisin laskea sydämeni teidän jalojen jalkojenne juureen.

IMANDRA

Nyt te puhutte kuin sydämenne olisi kurkussanne. Älkää puhuko

tyhmyyksiä, olettehan viisas mies.

PRINSSI

Se ilahuttaa minua kuullessani sen teidän suloisesta suustanne.

IMANDRA

Miksi olette imelä niinkuin muutkin korkeat kosijani? Minä olen

väsynyt teihin, koko hoviin, kaikkeen, kuuletteko!

PRINSSI

Niin minäkin, siksi lähdin etsimään jotain uutta. Minä haukottelen

usein hoviherrojeni seurassa.

IMANDRA

Nyt minä pidän teistä. Haukotelkaamme yhdessä! Kun minä

katselen teitä, niin olettehan sentään ihmisen näköinen. Kunhan
olisitte paimenpoika ja soittaisitte paimenhuilua!

PRINSSI

Ja jos minä olisin paimenpoika?