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Educart History QB Chapter 2
Educart History QB Chapter 2
OF SOLUTIONS
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Page
Q3 , Q5 , Q6 , Q8 , Q13 , Q16 , Q18 , Q31 , Q33 07
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Q35 , Q42 , Q46 08
COMPETENCY QUESTIONS
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Q50 , Q53 , Q56 , Q58 , Q59 , Q60 , Q61 08
Nationalism in India 7
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changes but was boycotted as all its seven 56. (C) Gandhiji created the flag which was called
members were British. the Swaraj Flag in 1921.
In 1930, on 26 January, the first Independence (D) (c) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong
Day was celebrated in India as per the decision Explanation: Britishers ruled us and
taken in 1929 at Lahore session of the Congress showed the world that we were corrupt
under the presidentship of Jawaharlal Nehru. and barbaric and required civilised rulers
35. (d) (A) is wrong but (R) is correct to rule and educate us. They justified the
Explanation: At the Congress session bad behaviour and injustice by using this
at Nagpur in December 1920, the Non- assumption. Indian history was hence
Cooperation programme was adopted after needed to be retold and reasserted to
long discussions. show that Indians were always prosperous
and smart enough to be sovereign rulers of
Chauri Chaura witnessed a violent clash
their nation.
between the people and policemen where
people burnt the police station at the pretext 58. (A) (c) Industrialists
of protest. Gandhiji called off the movement (C) (d) They wanted their business to flourish
as he supported protests only through Non- which could only happen if Indian exports
violent methods. were encouraged.
Explanation: Keen on expanding their
Related Theory
business, the industrialists reacted against
At the madras session in 1927 resolution for Purna
colonial policies that restricted business
Swaraj was proposed.
activities through this movement. Hence,
42. Plantation workers in Assam were not allowed they wanted protection against imports of
to leave the plantations without permissions foreign goods, and a rupee-sterling foreign
under the Inland Emigration Act of 1859. exchange ratio that would discourage
Explanation: For plantation workers in Assam, imports.
freedom meant the right to move freely in and
out of the confined space in which they were
59. (A) (d) Ajay Ghosh
enclosed, and it meant retaining a link with the Explanation: He was a revolutionary and
village from which they had come. However, supported Bhagat Singh in this form of
the Act came as a deterrent. When the heard Revolution.
of NCM they defied the authorities by traveling (D) (b) Radical Nationalist
outside of their area. Explanation: He was a radical nationalist
46. The ‘Simon Commission’ was opposed by who believed in using any method to
Indians because the Commission which was aid the cause of Indian independence
to meant review the functioning of Indian movement.
administration had no Indian members. 60. (A) (a) They were to analyse the working of
50. (d) (III) – (I) – (II) - (IV) Indian Constitution and suggest reforms.
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi came to India Explanation: Newly elected Tory
from South Africa in 1915 and arranged the government in Britain constituted a
Kheda Satygaraha in 1917, the hartal against Statutory Commission under Sir John
Rowlatt Act in 1919. The Non-Cooperation Simon as it was threatened by the
movement was later adopted in 1920-21. nationalist movement, the commission
was supposed to analyse the functioning of
Caution Indian constitutional system and suggest
Special attention has to be paid to the chronology of changes.
these Satyagraha incidents:
(1) Champaran Satyagraha- 1916-1917
(C) (c) India was to continue to be colonised
(2) Kheda-1917 country but with more participation of
(3) Ahmedabad Satyagraha- 1917 Indians in the administration.
53. (d) (4) - (3) - (1) - (2) Explanation: Irwin proposed India would
be given more independence in making its
Related Theory laws however it would continue to remain
Champaran Satyagraha - 1916 under the rule of Britain.
Government of India Act 1919
61. (C) In Non-cooperation Movement, People
Simon commission arrival in India - 1928
were to refuse cooperation with British
Demand of Poorna Swaraj in Lahore Session of INC -
while in the Civil Disobedience Movement
1929
Nationalism in India 9
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such celebrations for freedom could not in this movement with their specific reasons. All of
attract much attention and participation. them responded to the call of Swaraj, boycotted
Gandhiji understood that in order to foreign goods but their means to gain Swaraj
differed. Some turned violent, which defeated the
mobilise the masses and increase their
purpose of this movement. It was called off after a
participation, he needed to focus on what violent burning of a police station in Chauri Chaura in
bothered them the most about the colonial the name of protest.
government.
88. A feeling of nationalism was created through
(3) The idea of Civil Disobedience was mainly
reinterpretation of history:
focused on problems and issues that
people faced in their everyday life. He (1) British’s account of Indian history was
identified problems which the rich as well prejudiced and painted Indians to be low,
as the poor alike faced and highlighted illiterate and corrupt.
these issues under a united campaign (2) Indian leaders retold history by glorifying
against the British. their achievements making the people
(4) The movement was to succeed the non- realise that India was not a land to be
cooperation movement and take the cause ruled, it was the golden land of art and
of Swaraj further. Thus, Gandhiji involved culture.
new programmes which were stronger and (3) Past achievements, riches, prosperity,
stricter than before. art and architecture were shown with
(Any 3 of 4 points can be written to get full marvel. Literature and scientific reasoning
marks) possessed by Indians was shown to
be ahead of its time to make Indians
78. The main features of ‘Poona Pact’ were: understand they were not made to be
(1) The Poona Pact (of September 1932) subjects.
gave Depressed Classes (later to be
known as Scheduled caste) reserved
91. Mahatma Gandhi decided to launch a
nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed
seats in provincial and central legislative
Rowlatt Act (1919) because:
councils.
(1) The Rowlatt Act had been hurriedly passed
(2) They were to be voted in by the general
through the Imperial Legislative Council
electorate.
despite the united opposition of the Indian
(3) The act came into force due to Gandhiji’s members.
fast unto death.
(2) It gave the government enormous power
(4) Ambedkar ultimately accepted Gandhiji’s to repress political activities.
stand.
(3) It allowed detention of political prisoners
(5) Any other relevant point. without trial for two years.
(Any three points to be described) (Any 2 of the 3 points can be written to get
[CBSE Marking Scheme 2015] full marks)
84. (1) The Non-cooperation movement gradually (1) Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil
slowed down in the cities due to a lack of disobedience against such unjust law.
Indian alternatives to the boycotted foreign (2) Rallies were organised in various cities.
goods.
(3) Workers went on strikes in railway
(2) People could not boycott cheap machine- workshops.
made foreign cloth for long because khadi
(4) Shops were shut down.
was expensive.
(Any 3 of the 4 points can be written to get
(3) Also, people couldn’t boycott British
full marks)
administered schools, colleges and
courts completely because there were no 94. Various symbols played their role in evoking
alternative Indian institutions for them to the sentiments of nationalism in India in the
study or work. following ways:
(4) They had to run back to these institutions (1) Various folk tales, stories of legends and
to earn and sustain. They were getting mythological heroes, popular art forms
frustrated and impatient due to continuous and symbols like national flag, provide a
struggle. sense of belonging and collective identity
to the people.
Related Theory (2) National song Vande Mataram evoked a
The Non-cooperation Khilafat movement began in sense of belonging, uniting people speaking
January 1921. Various social groups participated different languages and living in different
Nationalism in India 11
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