Foundation Block | Histology

Connective tissue
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Objectives :
In this lecture you are expected to learn :

● Enumerate the general characteristics of C.T

● Classify C.T into C.T proper (C.T.P) and special types of C.T
● Describe components of C.T.P
● Classify C.T.P and know the distribution and function of each type
 Connective tissue C.T
Definition :
● It is one of the 4 basic tissues.
● It is mesodermal in origin. (remember the trilaminar embryonic disc , Embryology)
● Functions :
○ It supports, binds, and connects other tissues and organs
○ provides structural and metabolic support for them.

General characteristics of C.T:

● C.T. is formed of widely separated, few cells with abundant
extracellular matrix.
● Most C.T. are vascular. ( have blood vessel )
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( remember : Epithelial tissue is avascular )
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
 COMPONENTS & TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Components Of C.T

Matrix:
The intercellular substance, in which
Cell cells and fibers are embedded. Fibers:
Different Types | Collagenous | Elastic | Reticular |

Soft Rigid Hard Fluid

(Firm&Rubbery) (Solid) (Liquid)

Types
CREDITS: This presentation template
of C.T was created by Slidesgo, including icons by
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
C.T Proper Cartilage Bone Blood

Main
Tissue Special Types
 Cells
Fibroblasts Macrophages Mast cells Plasma cells Unilocular Adipose Leucocytes
cells (white blood cells)
(Adipocytes, fat cells)

●Most common cell,

●Basophilic
found nearly in all ●Basophilic cytoplasm
cytoplasm, rich in
types of C.T. proper. with negative golgi ●Large spherical, with a
lysosomes.
image (the pale area). single large fat droplet. ●Appear normally in
●Flat branched cells C.T. proper.
●Irregular outline.
L/M

(spindle-shaped) ●Cytoplasm contains ●Nucleus: spherical, ●Thin rim of cytoplasm at

with basophilic numerous basophilic eccentric with a periphery. ●Neutrophils:
● They can divide.
cytoplasm. cytoplasmic granules. clock-face appearance of Rim: ‫ﺣﺎﻓﺔ‬ increase in acute
(rich in ribosomes) chromatin. inflammation.
●They originate from
●They can divide. ●Nucleus: flattened,
blood monocytes.
●Derived from peripheral. ●Lymphocytes and
Monocytes: a type of
●old fibroblasts are B-lymphocytes. monocytes:
white blood cells.
called fibrocytes . increase in chronic
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FUNCTION

1.Formation of Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories

proteins of C.T. 1.Secrete heparin ●Eosinophils and
fibers. ●Phagocytosis. (anticoagulant). basophils:
The ingestion of ●Secretion of antibodies increase in allergic
●Storage of fat. inflammation
2.Formation of C.T. bacteria or other 2.Secrete Histamine (immunoglobulins)
matrix material (allergic reactions).

3.Healing of wounds.
 Fibers
Collagen Fibers Reticular Fibers Elastic Fibers
(Made of collagen type I) (made of collagen type III) (Made of Elastin)

● Non-branched fibers, ● Branched and form a ● Branched.

arranged in bundles. network.
● Stained brown with
● Acidophilic. ● Stained black with orcein.
silver.

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Other important types
Flaticon, of Collagen
infographics include:
& images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories

● type II (in cartilage)

● type IV (in basement membrane)
 Types of Connective Tissue Proper
The names are after the predominant component

1- Loose (areolar) 2- Dense collagenous C.T. 3- Elastic C.T. 4- Reticular C.T. 5- Unilocular
C.T. adipose tissue.
The most common type of (white adipose cells)
C.T. proper.
L/M L/M
-Predominance of L/M L/M
L/M -Predominance of collagen fibers + -Predominance of
elastic fibers ( sheets
-Predominance of -Predominance of
-Contains all the main fibroblasts. reticular fibers + unilocular fat cells.
or membrane ) + reticular cells
components of C.T.P:
fibroblasts (specialized fibroblasts)
all types of C.T. cells & Site
fibers + abundant Site Site Site Subcutaneous tissue,
matrix.
1- Dense regular: Large arteries: Stroma of organs: especially in:
e.g. tendons, ligaments (Avascular) e.g. aorta. e.g. liver, lymph node, -buttocks, abdominal
-No predominant wall, female breast,
2-Dense irregular: spleen.
element in loose C.T. around the kidney.
e.g . dermis of the skin, capsules
Site Function Function Function Function
E.g. Subcutaneous Tough tissue; resistance to stretch. 1) synthesis, storage,
Elastic tissue; Structural support.
tissue release of fat.
stretchable
2)support organs
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1 Flaticon,
2 infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories 3)heat insulation
 Functions of Connective Tissue Proper:

Supports, binds and Its cells provides Healing of

connects other tissues injured tissues, Produce heparin,
and organs. histamin & antibodies, Store fat
& Preserve body temperature
and Protect against
microorganisms.

Nourishes the Its Fibers provide Rigidity or

surrounding structures, Elasticity.
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Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
through its blood vessels
Summary (From 437 )
Q(1): The type of matrix in C.T proper?

A Soft B Rigid C Solid D Fluid

Q(2): Function of plasma cells?

A Storage of fat B Secrete antibodies C Secrete heparin D Phagocytosis Quiz!

Q(3): Reticular fibers are made of? (from 437 team)
Answers
A Collagen type I B Collagen type II C Collagen type IV D Collagen type III
1 A
Q(4): The predominant component in Elastic tissue is? 2 B
A Fibroblasts B There is no C Elastic fiber D Both A and C 3 D
predominant element
4 D
Q(5): The most common cell in C.T. proper is? 5 C
6 B
A Mast cell B Adipose cell C Fibroblasts D Plasma cell

Q(6): Non-branched fibers?

A Reticular Fibers B Collagen Fibers C Fibroblasts D Elastic Fibers

Histologyteam441@gmail.com

The Creative Crew!

Foundation Block | Histology Team (441)

Boys Captain Girls Captain

Alwaleed Alnasser Norah Alawlah
The Crew

● Abdullah Alqarni ● Iyah Alhasan

● Abdulrahman Mukhtar
● Abdulmajeed Alharbi
● Mansor Aldoajy
● Mohammed Alhaqbani
● Ziyad Al-Abduljabbar
● Hussah Alshareef
● Lubna Altamimi
● Zahraa Alsultan
● Fay Alluhaidan
● Sarah Al-homaydy
● Sarah Al-Majed