Foundation Block | Histology

Epithelial Tissues
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Objectives :
In this lecture you are expected to learn :

● Describe general characteristics of epithelial tissue.

● Discuss microscopic structure and distribution of different types of epithelial
membranes.
● Classify glandular epithelium according to different parameters.
● Enumerate the function of epithelial tissue.
● Understand the following clinical applications :
○ Immotile cilia syndrome (Kartagener’s syndrome)
○ Metaplasia.
 Epithelial Tissues
● Cells are tightly joined with little intercellular space. (Compacted)

● Rest on a basement membrane.

● Avascular. (No Blood Capillaries\Venules\Arterioles Between Epithelial Cells)

Classification
■(Gets Nutrients And O2 From Neighbour Blood Vessels)
■(Get (Rid of Waste Products + CO2 By Diffusion)

● High power of Regeneration. (Epithelial Tissue > Other Tissues) Epithelial Glands
Epithelial
membranes
■Epithelium Tissue could be derived from Ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm . membranes (Glandular Epithelium)
■Connective tissue only derived from mesoderm (remember the trilaminar embryonic disc , Embryology)
■Epithelial membranes Cover Structures like skin and line cavities like stomach, uterus
Buccal cavity and nasal cavity

CREDITS: This presentation template was created Simple epithelium:

by Slidesgo, Stratified
including icons by epithelium:
( one layer )
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories ( more than one layer )
Functions of epithelium:-
Protection

Secretion

Absorption

Excretion

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Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
Reproduction

Smooth lining
 Simple Epithelium

Simple Squamous
1 Epithelium
Simple Cuboidal
2
Epithelium

One Layer Sites Sites One Layer

Flat Cells Endothelium Thyroid Cuboidal Cells

lining Of CVS follicles

Flat Nuclei Lung alveoli Collecting Tubules Central

CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by
of Kidney Round Nuclei
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
Provides Smooth
Thin Surface
 Simple Epithelium

Simple Columnar Pseudo-Stratified

3 Epithelium Columnar 4
Ciliated Ciliated One Layer
With cilia on free surface With Goblet cells
One Layer
Sites Sites

Columnar Cells
Fallopian Tubes Respiratory
Columnar Cells & Uterus epithelium :
Trachea Bronchi
Non-Ciliated Tall\Short Cell
Non-Ciliated Short Don’t Reach Surface
Basal
Sites
Oval Nuclei Sites
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, AllbyCells Rest on Basement
including icons
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
-Lining of
Stomach Male Urethra Nuclei Appear
-Gall Bladder At different Levels
-Intestine ( with Vas Deferens
goblet cells )
 Stratified Epithelium

Stratified Squamous 2 Stratified Columnar

1 Epithelium Epithelium 3
2
Transitional Epithelium
Keratinized Sites
Keratin Layer on Surface
Multiple Layers Multiple Layers
of cells Sites Multiple Layers Basal Of cells
Of cells Columnar Cells
Epidermis Large Ducts of
Basal Columnar Cells Basal Columnar Cells
Of Skin Glands
Basal Oval Nuclei Intermediate Basal Oval Nuclei
Polygonal cells Surface large Cuboidal Cells
Non-Keratinized
No Keratin Layer On Surface Convex free surface and may be
Intermediate Polygonal cells binucleated Intermediate Polygonal cells
Central Rounded Nuclei Sites Central Rounded Nuclei
Sites
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by
Surface is Flat Cells
EsophagusFlaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories Surface Columnar Cells
Flattened Nuclei & oral cavity Ureter
Basal Oval Nuclei
& Urinary bladder
(can extend )
 Glands (glandular epithelium) classification according to :
Presence or absence Number of cells Mode of secretion Shape of secretory Nature of secretion
of ducts part

●Exocrine: ●Unicellular: ●Merocrine: ●Tubular: ●Serous:

e.g. salivary glands e.g. goblet cells no part of the cell is e.g. intestinal gland e.g. parotid gland
● Endocrine: ●Multicellular lost with the secretion (with enzymes)

e.g. thyroid gland e.g. salivary glands e.g. salivary glands ●Mucous:
and adrenal gland ●Apocrine: e.g. goblet cells
●Mixed: the top of the cell is ●Alveolar(acinar) :
●Muco-serous:
e.g. pancreas lost with the secretion e.g. mammary gland e.g. Sublingual gland
e.g. mammary gland ●Watery:
●Holocrine: e.g. sweat gland
the whole cell
detaches with the ●Tubulo-alveolar:
secretion
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by
Flaticon, infographicse.g.
e.g. pancreas
sebaceous
& images glands
by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
 Clinical Applications :
● Immotile cilia syndrome (Kartagener's syndrome):
○ Disorder that causes:
■ infertility in male.
■ chronic respiratory tract infection in both sexes.
○ It is caused by immobility of cilia and flagella induced by deficiency of dynein.
○ Dynein protein is responsible for movements of cilia and flagella.

● Metaplasia:
○ It is the transformation of one type of tissue to another in response to injury.
○ This condition is usually reversible if the injury is removed.
○ Example: Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of
the respiratory passages, e.g. trachea, of heavy smokers may
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, including icons by
undergo squamous metaplasia, transforming into stratified
Flaticon, infographics & images by Freepik and illustrations by Stories
squamous epithelium.
Summary
 Summary

Credits to :
Razan alobaid
Q(1): Bronchi is an example of ?

Stratified Squamous Pseudostratified Simple Cuboidal

A Transitional Epithelium B Epithelium
C Columnar
D Epithelium

Q(2): The simple Cuboidal epithelium is a layer of Cuboidal cells with :

A Central rounded nuclei B Flat nuclei C

Nuclei appear
at different levels D Basal oval nuclei
Quiz!
Q(3): Small intestine is an example of:
Answers
A Secretion B Reproduction C Excretion D Absorption
1 C
Q(4): Example of muco-serous secretion: 2 A
3 D
Sweat gland Goblet cells Parotid gland Sublingual gland
A B C D
4 D
Q(5): Example of transitional epithelium: 5 D
6 B
A Urinary bladder B Epidermis C Ureter D A and C

Q(6): The top of the cell is lost with the secretion

Holocrine Apocrine Merocrine All correct

A B C D
Histologyteam441@gmail.com

The Creative Crew!

Foundation Block | Histology Team (441)

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