Here,

I’ll be reporting the Post-Gutenberg Period but before we start, Let us first think on how print
changed the world?

So We have already heard the story or the events on what was the setup during the Middle
Ages, right? But to be more specific, I will give you a short background. During the Middle Ages
in Europe, most people lived in small isolated villages. So if people traveled at all, lilipat lang sila
a few miles away from where they were born. Before then, the only source of both religious and
worldly information was the village catholic priest in the pulpit. So pinapasa pasa yung balita
from one person to another, often in the form of rumor. So what does it mean? Obviously,
because of this mode of communication, the accuracy of the message will be? Lessen.

Dati kasi , written documents were rare and often doubted by the common people as forgeries o
pamemeke. So, kapag nagbabalita sila o nagpapasa ng mensahe o yung tinatawag nga noon
na “oral testimony”, para mapatunayan na totoo yung sinasabi nila, dinudgsungan nila yun sa
huli ng “In the name of God” which will fully prove that I’m saying the truth.

In addition to this, wala naman aksing nakakapagbasa o nakakapagsulat nung lengwaheng

ginagamit nila, konti lang yung mga literate na usually nag masters pa ng Latin which is the
universal language of scholarship noon at ang mga nasa roman catholic church. So yung mga
books, all hand-copied, they were all rare, expensive at lagi pang naka transcribe sa Latin.

(next slide)

Movable-Type Printing

An invention changed how books were made and dramatically changed people’s lives.
How?? The sudden widespread dissemination of printed works – books, tracts, posters
and papers – gave direct rise to the European Renaissance.

Which means that his invention of the movable type press meant that
Protestant tracts and the arguments between Martin Luther and the Catholic
Church which led to the Reformation could be widely disseminated.

Meron din kasi tayong mga religious differences in terms of paniniwala

noon.

(next slide)

So syempre dahil nga naging accessible na ang written documents because of

the movable type printing, natuto na rin yung mga tao na magbasa, and because
of that, nung kumalat na yung informations given by the protestant reformation,
lead by Martin Luther, dito na nagsimula yung tinatawag nating “Age of
Enlightenment”

Now ano nga ba itong tinatawag nating Protestant Reformation na to? a religious reform
movement that swept through Europe in the 1500s whose goal is to pull the church
back to its earliest spirit and style without the bureaucracy of the Roman Catholic
Church, and what was perceived as its abuses of power.

So pano nga ba nasabing inabuso ng church ang kanilang power wayback then? Well
that answers Martin Luther’s writing of the “95 theses” which has its context about the
church selling indulgences. (next slide) (explain indulgences”
Next slide: enslavemenr: ICTs erases distance between people and diminishes certain freedoms
that people hold dear. People fear that that they are being monitored more closely with ICTs and that

there is no more separation of work and personal time. (example: free time/ me time but we have ur

phone on us, others can still interrupt or interfere our personal space)

Independent vs. independence: (examplle: ding research, di na need kumuha statisticians

etc”

Next: Although technology allows for greater independence of the individual user to access

information and communicate with others anytime and anywhere, the flipside is that users become

dependent on the very idea of being connected, to the extent that being without a cellular phone, or

even switching it off, is an unthinkable eventuality. People who are dependent on ICTs exhibit great

discomfort with not being connected, “nasasanay tayo” ,as the anticipation of receiving an important

message is overwhelming, and not answering a call or not immediately responding to a text message

is seemingly a social taboo. So yes it fulfills our needs but somehow it creates our needs since we are

already dependent to it.

Public vs Private: Okay so another explanation of this is, diba messages or conversations between 2

people were supposed to be private right? Now, because of the technology, the privacy can crossed

over to public domain, so ano ba yung mga public domain natin?, we have facebook, twitter and

etcetera. Now there are times when conflict happens, and may mga tao na nagpopost ng

conversations publicly, so that’s how the private cross ver public ano, and then, because of technology,

we can easily judge without knowing the side of the both parties since messages now can be

selectively deleted diba, only portraying what the other side wanted to show to public.

The illusion/disillusion paradox: This is closely associated with the competence/incompetence

paradox and is associated with the promise presented by new hardware and apps. New technological

offerings bring with them the allure of more capabilities. However, adoption of these new technologies

often realises feelings of disappointment and disillusionment, as these new technologies do not live up

to expectation. Think, for example, of the promise presented by the iPad before its release as a device

that embodies the capabilities of both a mobile phone and a personal computer. However, people were

soon disappointed by the fact that iPads to not support data storage devices such as CD-Rom or USB

drives.