ZIMBABWE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

NATIONAL OFFICE P.O. BOX 3733, HARARE

DZIDZO HOUSE TELEPHONE: 263-04-796509
ENTERPRISE RD SOUTH 702381
LONDONDERRY AVENUE
FAX: 263-04-731477
EASTLEA, HARARE
E-mail: info@zim.ac.zw

DIPLOMA IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT

LEVEL 2

REGIONAL & INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

ORGANISATIONS

TUESDAY, 4 NOVEMBER 2014

0900HRS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. Answer any four (4) questions
2. All questions carry equal marks
3. Start each question on a clean sheet of paper
4. Indicate the questions attempted in the space provided on the cover of the answer
book
5. Time allowed: 3 hours

1
2
QUESTION 1
a) State and explain the definition of health according to WHO (4 marks)
b) Briefly explain what you know about WHO? (5 marks)
c) Outline WHO activities in developing countries since year 2000. (16 marks)

QUESTION 2
Discuss and explain some of the main WHO policy frameworks issued since independence
(25 marks)

QUESTION 3
a) Distinguish between WHO and ILO? (4 marks)
b) What is the difference between an ILO convention and ILO code of practice?
(4 marks)
c) List any five occupational health and safety convention administered by ILO
(5 marks)
d) Explain any four occupational safety and Health conventions which have been ratified
by Zimbabwe. (12 marks)

QUESTION 4
a) Distinguish between ILO and UNEP? (5 marks)
b) Describe in fully the activities of UNEP in a country such as Zimbabwe.(20 marks)

QUESTION 5
Describe the role played by UNICEF in developing economies and challenges being faced in
execution of its tasks. (25 marks)

QUESTION 6
a) Outline and explain the mission for WWF (5 marks)
b) List five common challenges faced by local authorities in Zimbabwe. (5 marks)
c) Discuss SADC's 1999 protocol on health. (15 marks)

QUESTION 7
a) Discuss the structure of EMA and explain the weakness of EIA process in Zimbabwe.
(15 marks)
b) Outline the role of Forest Commission in Zimbabwe and highlighting two main
challenges it is facing (10 marks)

******END OF PAPER******

3
DEHSM 2 Regional & International Environmental Health and Safety Agencies
QUESTION QUESTION MODEL A
NUMBER
1 (a) State and explain WHO's definition for health. [4] - State of complete physical, mental an
absence of disease or infirmity

4

(b) Briefly what do you know about WHO?[5]
(c) Outline WHO activities in developing countries
since year 2000. [16]
2 Discuss and explain some of the main WHO policy
frameworks issued since independence [25]
3 (a) Distinguish between WHO and ILO? [4]
(b) What is the difference between an ILO conven-
tion and ILO code of practice? [4]
(c) List any five occupational health and safety
convention administered by ILO [5]
5
- Explanation
- World Health Organisation
- Founded in on 7 April 1948
- It is a world body that gets its funding f
- combat outbreaks of communicable a
tuberculosis, influenza, cholera, Ebola
- sponsor preventive health and improv
programmes that cover (safe water sup
awareness campaign, treatment of dise
health research on communicable dise
The International Health Regulations (
- Protect against the international spre
health emergencies without unnecessa
travel and trade.
- "National Focal Point” for communica
- Challenges of the regulation
Convention on Tobacco Control
- to protect present and future generati
environmental and economic conseque
- The convention has rules that govern
advertisement and taxation of tobacco
International Code of Marketing of Br
- Information and educational material
- Mothers should not be given free pro
Health Workers
- encourage and protect breastfeeding
- distributors should be limited to scien
Health Care Systems
- Promotion of any product is forbidde
- Donated equipment and material sho
products
Labelling
- Information on labels must be in simp
- Labels must contain explicit war
the risks of
contamination of powdered formula w
- Labels must conform to WHO/FAO gu
- Definitions for the two
- WHO is for health while ILO is for Safet
- Give a brief examples of aspects that ar
- The convention provides for the adop
as well as activities to be done by natio
enterprises to promote the creation of
- Codes of practice are not legally bindi
replace the provisions of national laws
- Citing examples in both.
1. Occupational Safety and Health Conv
2. Occupational Health Services Conven
3. Promotional Framework for Occupati

(d) Explain any four occupational safety and
Health conventions which have been ratified by
Zimbabwe. [12]
4 (a) Distinguish between ILO and UNEP? [5]
(b) Describe in fully the activities of UNEP in a country
such as Zimbabwe. [20]
5 Describe the role played by UNICEF in developing
economies and challenges being faced in execution
of its tasks. [25]
Number 187 of 2006
4. Chemicals Convention Number 170 o
5. Asbestos Convention Number 162 o
1. Occupational Safety and Health Conv
- Adoption of a coherent national OSH
by national governments as well as priv
creation of safe working environments
2. Occupational Health Services Conve
- Establishment of enterprise level occu
includes industrial clinics, first aid servi
3. Promotional Framework for Occupa
Number 187 of 2006
- Once ratified, member states are exp
national system and national programm
most representative organizations of e
4. Chemicals Convention Number 170
- Implementation of a comprehensive p
chemicals at work
5. Asbestos Convention Number 162 o
- Preventing the harmful effects of exp
workers
[select any four from the list]
- Definitions for the two
- ILO is for Safety while UNEP is for envir
- Give a brief examples of aspects that ar
Capacity Building
- helping national, regional and global b
the capacity to do so.
- Promoting public participation in envir
access to information on environmental
Developing and disseminating environm
- developing and refining policies and oth
problems at national, regional and globa
- Enhanced partnership in international e
Legal and institutional development and
- Creation of new environmental legislati
- Strengthened and enhanced coordinati
- Strengthened and enhanced coordina
- Promotion of the use of environment
UNEP in the Global Environment Facili
- Work of GEF in Zimbabwe
- Biological diversity, climate change, P
thematic areas
Definition: United Nations Children’s Fu
International Children’s Emergency Fun
Activities
- Provides long term humanitarian and
and mothers in developing countries.
- Promote the health and wellbeing of

6

6 (a) Outline and explain the mission for WWF . [5]
(b) List five common challenges faced by local
authorities in Zimbabwe. [5]
Discuss SADC's 1999 protocol on health. [15]
7 (a) Discuss the structure of EMA and explain the
weakness of EIA process in Zimbabwe. [15]
(b) Outline the role of Forest Commission in Zimbabwe Roles
7
- Supply ARVs for children and infected
- Nutritional supplements such as vitam
- Emergency shelters.
- Educational supplies.
- Water and sanitation supplies such as
tablets.
- The organisation was awarded the No
Constraints
- Political instability
- Funding
The organisation’s mission is to stop t
environment and to build a future in wh
through:-
 Conserving the world’s biologica
 Ensure that the use of renewable
 Promoting the reduction of pollu
1. Lack of adequate funding from centra
2. Poor infrastructural development
rehabilitation
3. Rural to urban migration
4. Failure by residents, private and gov
debts on time
5. Criticised for spending the bulk of
salary packages than service delivery
6. Poor policy formulation
Article 8: deals with health promotion an
Article 9: covers cooperation in the treat
communicable diseases
Article 13: highlights the commitment of
one another in fighting against NCDs
Article 23: outlines that SADC member
assist each other in a cross sector
environmental health issues and other c
Article 24: commits States to assist and
occupational injuries and diseases.
Environmental Management Services (
Finance & Administration
 The law's application is partial
 EIA consultancy companies are n
execution of duty.
 EIA review fee are exorbitant for
 The EIA reports are reviewed by
 Critics have accused EMA of ju
fines without in turn using it to
environment
 The time taken to review the re
proponents
 Monitoring as been relegated to
will report good only about the p
and highlighting two main challenges it is facing
[10]
- Conservation of the Zimbabwean fo
companies
from cutting, injuring or destroying trees
from protected forests without a permit
- Forestry research on various tree an
saving
Options
- Forestry extension services through aw
deforestation
- Dissemination of forestry knowledge a
of Forestry
- Forest nurseries program
Challenges
 Lack of funding from the governm
 Climate change