Republic of the Philippines

TARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF NURSING
Villa Lucinda Campus, Brgy. Ungot, Tarlac City, Philippines 2300
Tel. no.: (045) 4931865 Fax: (045) 982-0110 website: www.tsu.edu.ph

JOURNAL READING REPORT

Human papilloma virus: A review study of epidemiology,

carcinogenesis, diagnostic methods, and treatment of all HPV-
related cancers

Submitted by:
Obedoza, Princess Dianne C.
BSN 2-A
A.Y. 2023-2024

Submitted to:
Prof. Mary Jane Rigor
Clinical Instructor
 I. Source
Soheili M, Keyvani H, Soheili M, Nasseri S. Human papilloma virus: A review study of epidemiology,
carcinogenesis, diagnostic methods, and treatment of all HPV-related cancers. Med J Islam Repub Iran.
2021 May 22; 35:65 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8278030/
II. Introduction
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considered as the most common viral sexually transmitted
infection worldwide. This poses an increasingly interdisciplinary medical challenge. Since there is vast
scattered information in databases about HPV and the correlated diseases, we decided to collect useful
data so that the experts can get a more comprehensive view of HPV.
III. Methods
In this article, HPV-associated diseases, prevalence, prevention, and new treatments are discussed.
The retrieved articles reporting the latest data about the required information for our review were
selected through searching in Web of Science, Scopus, Medline (PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane
Library, Ovid, and CINHAL with language limitations of English and German.
IV. Results
There are 2 groups of HPVs: (1) low-risk HPV types that can lead to genital warts, and (2) high-risk
HPV types that are involved in HPV-associated oncogenesis. About 70% of all sexually active women
are infected and most of these infections heal within many weeks or months. In the case of HPV-
persistence, a risk of preneoplasia or carcinoma exists. These types of viruses are responsible for the
existence of genitoanal, gastrointestinal, urinary tract, and head and neck tumors. There is still no
definite successful treatment. The detection of HPV-related condyloma occurs macroscopically in
women and men, and the diagnosis of the precursors of cervical carcinoma in women is possible by
Pap smear.
V. Conclusion
About 50% to 80% of sexually active females will be infected with HPV during their lifetime. The global
HPV prevalence has been estimated to beabout 11.7%. The major burden of HPV infection is the
carcinogenic effect of high-risk HPVs. Since there is no definite treatment for HPV, the high prevalence
of genital HPV has been a great concern in the world. At present, vaccination has been introduced as
the best prevention and treatment method for HPV infection. If complete effectiveness of vaccination is
expected, future vaccines should be multivalent for all described oncogenic HPV types. Nonetheless,
these vaccines will be much more expensive than current formulations. Although some researchers
have reported positive clinical effectiveness of vaccines in reducing malignancy, large population-based
clinical studies of these vaccines are necessary to assess the true impact of vaccination. We believe
that routine use of HPV vaccines needs much more care and assessment because there are many
doubts and questions about these vaccines.
VI. Personal comments
This article talks about the virus called HPV, which is mainly spread through sexual contact and is very
common worldwide. It can cause different problems, like genital warts or even certain cancers,
especially in the genital area and throat. Most of the time, the body can get rid of the virus on its own,
but sometimes it stays and can lead to more serious issues.
Right now, there isn't a perfect treatment for HPV-related problems, which is concerning. Doctors can
find signs of some HPV-related issues, like cervical cancer, through tests like Pap smears, but there
isn't a structured way to find other problems caused by HPV in places other than the genitals.
However, there are vaccines available that can help prevent HPV-related diseases, which is good
news. But we still need more research to understand exactly how well these vaccines work and if there
are any downsides to using them. Overall, it's important for healthcare providers to keep learning about
HPV and how to prevent and treat its effects.