NEET

Uthaan NEET 2024

Botany
Morphology of Flowering Plants Practice Sheet
Q1 Which of the following region of root is Which of these is an example of zygomorphic
responsible for the growth of the root in length? flower with imbricate aestivation?
(A) Region of meristematic activity (A) Canna (B) Cassia
(B) Region of elongation (C) Cucumber (D) Calotropis
(C) Region of maturation
Q7 Among the following:
(D) Root cap
[Plum, Guava, Rose, Mustard, Brinjal, China rose,
Q2 The roots hanging from the branches of banyan Cucumber, Peach, Sunflower (Ray florets)] How
tree are known as many plants have flowers with superior ovary?
(A) Primary roots (B) Fibrous root (A) 2 (B) 3
(C) Prop roots (D) Pneumatophores (C) 4 (D) 6

Q3 In some plants, roots may become respiratory. Q8 Ovary is one chambered but it becomes two
Such roots are known as ......... (i) ........ and are chambered due to the formation of false
found in ...... (ii) ..... septum in
(A) (i) - Prop roots, (ii) - Rhizophora (A) Tomato and lemon
(B) (i) - Stilt roots, (ii) - Sugarcane (B) Mustard and Argemone
(C) (i) - Pneumatophores, (ii) - Rhizophora (C) Dianthus and Primrose
(D) (i) - Mechanical roots, (ii) - Maize (D) Sunflower and Marigold

Q4 Which is not a stem modification? Q9 When ovules develops on the inner wall of the
(A) Rhizome of ginger ovary, the type of placentation is
(B) Corm of Colocasia (A) Twisted (B) Axile
(C) Pitcher of Nepenthes (C) Free - Central (D) Parietal
(D) Tuber of potato
Q10 The edible part of coconut is
Q5 An example of alternate, opposite and whorled (A) Pericarp (B) Perisperm
type of phyllotaxy respectively is: (C) Mesocarp (D) Endosperm
(A) Cassia, mustard and guava
Q11 Which floral conditions are represented by the
(B) Sunflower, cucumber and Calotropis
symbols ⊕ and % respectively?
(C) Guava, Hibiscus and mustard
(A) Zygomorphic and actinomorphic flowers
(D) China rose, Calotropis and Alstonia
(B) Actinomorphic and zygomorphic flowers
Q6 (C) Hypogynous and epigynous flowers

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(D) Bisexual and unisexual flowers If pericarp is thick and fleshy, it is differentiated
into:
Q12 The fruit of mango and coconut is known as a
(A) Epicarp and Mesocarp
drupe. They develop from:
(B) Mesocarp and Endocarp
(A) Complete inflorescence
(C) Both (a) and (b)
(B) Monocarpellary superior ovary
(D) None of the above
(C) Multicarpellary syncarpous gynoecium
(D) Monocarpellary inferior ovary Q18 Which one of the following diagrams represents
the placentation in Dianthus?
Q13 Keel is the characteristic feature of the flowers
of:
(A) Calotropis and Aloe
(B) Bean and Indigofera
(C) Gulmohur and tomato
(D) Cassia and Tulip

Q14 The plumule of wheat is enclosed in

(A) Scutellum (B) Coleorhiza (A) 3 (B) 2
(C) Coleoptile (D) Endosperm (C) 1 (D) 4

Q15 When placenta forms a ridge along the ventral Q19 Aestivation of petals in the flower of cotton is
suture of the ovary and the ovules a borne on correctly shown as:
this ridge forming two rows, the type of
placentation is termed as
(A) Marginal (B) Axile
(C) Parietal (D) Free central

Q16 Read the following statements carefully.

A. Leaf base may bear two lateral small leaf
like structures called stipules.
B. In dicots, the leaf base expands into a
(A) a (B) b
sheath covering the stem partially or wholly.
(C) c (D) d
C. Veins provide rigidity to the leaf blade.
D. In monocots, leaf base is swollen and is Q20 A lateral branch with short internodes and each
known as pulvinus. node bearing a rosette of leaves and a tuft of
E. The petiole holds the blade to light. roots is found in aquatic plants like
How many statement (s) is/are incorrect? (A) Pistia and Eichhornia
(A) Two (B) Three (B) Mint and Jasmine
(C) Five (D) One (C) Banana, pineapple and Chrysanthemum
(D) Opuntia and Euphorbia
Q17

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Q21 Type of aestivation shown by Pisum is Q24 A flower can be divided into two equal radial
(A) Imbricate (B) Vexillary halves in any radial plane passing through the
(C) Twisted (D) Valvate centre. Identify it.
(A) Pea (B) Mustard
Q22 What is the reproductive unit in the
(C) Bean (D) Canna
angiosperms?
(A) Calyx (B) Flower Q25 Epipetalous is condition of
(C) Androecium (D) Gynoecium (A) Placentation
(B) Stamens
Q23 The edible part of mango is
(C) Position of ovary
(A) Endocarp (B) Epicarp
(D) Aestivation of petals
(C) Both A and B (D) Mesocarp

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Answer Key
Q1 (B) Q14 (C)

Q2 (C) Q15 (A)

Q3 (C) Q16 (A)

Q4 (C) Q17 (C)

Q5 (D) Q18 (B)

Q6 (B) Q19 (B)

Q7 (B) Q20 (A)

Q8 (B) Q21 (B)

Q9 (D) Q22 (B)

Q10 (D) Q23 (D)

Q11 (B) Q24 (B)

Q12 (B) Q25 (B)

Q13 (B)

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Hints & Solutions
Q1 Text Solution:
Cells in the region of elongation undergo rapid
elongation and enlargement and are
responsible for the growth of the root in length.
Cells in region of meristematic activity are very
small, thin-walled and with dense protoplasm.
They divide repeatedly. Region of maturation
have root hairs. These root hairs absorb water
and minerals from the soil. Root cap protects
the tender apex of the root as it makes its way
through the soil.
Q2 Text Solution:
The roots hanging from the branches of banyan
tree are known as prop roots. They provide
support to heavy branches of the tree.
Q3 Text Solution:
In some plants such as Rhizophora growing in
swampy areas, many roots come out of the
ground and grow vertically upwards. Such
roots, called pneumatophores, help to get
oxygen for respiration. The stems of maize and
sugarcane have supporting roots coming out of
the lower nodes of the stem. These are called
stilt roots. Prop roots are present in banyan tree.
Q4 Text Solution:
Pitcher of Nepenthes is a modification of leaf
for capturing prey and obtaining nutrition.
Rhizome, corm and tuber are modification of
stem for storage of food.
Q5 Text Solution:
Phyllotaxy is the pattern of arrangement of
leaves on the stem or branch.
In alternate type of phyllotaxy, a single leaf
arises at each node in alternate manner, as in
china rose, mustard and sun flower plants. In
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opposite type, a pair of leaves arise at each
node and lie opposite to each other as in
Calotropis and guava plants. If more than two
leaves arise at a node and form a whorl, it is
called whorled, as in Alstonia.
Q6 Text Solution:
When a flower can be divided into two similar
halves only in one particular vertical plane, it is
zygomorphic, e.g., pea, gulmohur, bean, Cassia.
When the margins of sepals or petals overlap
one another but not in any particular direction
as in Cassia and gulmohur, the aestivation is
called imbricate. Hence option B is the correct
answer.
Q7 Text Solution:
When gynoecium occupies the highest position
in flower, and other parts are situated below it.
Such flowers are called hypogynous. The ovary
in such flowers is said to be superior, e.g.,
mustard, china rose and brinjal.
Plum, rose, peach have half inferior ovary. The
ovary is said to be inferior as in flowers of guava
and cucumber, and the ray florets of sunflower.
So option B is the correct answer.
Q8 Text Solution:
In parietal placentation, ovary is one-
chambered but it becomes two chambered
due to the formation of the false septum, e.g.,
mustard and Argemone. So option B is the
correct answer.
Q9 Text Solution:
In parietal placentation the ovules develop on
the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part.
Twisted is a type of aestivation not
placentation. So option D is the correct answer.
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When the placenta is axial and the ovules are
attached to it in a multilocular ovary, the
placentation is said to be axile, as in china rose,
tomato and lemon. When the ovules are borne
on central axis and septa are absent, as in
Dianthus and Primrose the placentation is
called free central.
Q10 Text Solution:
Pericarp is differentiated into the outer epicarp,
the middle mesocarp and the inner endocarp.
The mesocarp is fibrous and inedible in
coconut. Perisperm is not present in coconut.
Endosperm of coconut is edible. So option D is
the correct answer.
Q11 Text Solution:
Symbol ⊕ is used to represent actinomorphic
and symbol % is used to represent zygomorphic
nature of flower. So A is the correct answer.
Q12 Text Solution:
Drupes develop from monocarpellary superior
ovaries and are one seeded.
Q13 Text Solution:
In pea and bean flowers, there are five petals,
the largest (standard) overlaps the two lateral
petals (wings) which in turn overlap the two
smallest anterior petals (keel); this type of
aestivation is known as vexillary
papilionaceous. Indigofera also belongs to
Leguminoceae family. So B is the correct
answer.
Q14 Text Solution:
Wheat is a monocot in which the plumule and
radicle are enclosed in sheaths which are called
coleoptile and coleorhiza respectively.
consists of one large and shield shaped
cotyledon known as scutellum.
Q15 Text Solution:
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When placenta forms a ridge along the ventral
suture of the ovary and the ovules are borne on
this ridge forming two rows, this type of
placentation is known as marginal. It is found in
pea family.
Q16 Text Solution:
Stipule is a pair of small, usually leaflike
appendages borne at the base of the petiole in
many plants. In monocotyledons, the leaf base
expands into a sheath covering the stem
partially or wholly. So B is incorrect. Veins
provide rigidity to the leaf blade and act as
channels of transport for water, minerals and
food materials. In some leguminous plants the
leafbase may become swollen, which is called
the pulvinus. So D is incorrect. The petiole help
hold the blade to light. Long thin flexible
petioles allow leaf blades to flutter in wind,
thereby cooling the leaf and bringing fresh air
to leaf surface. As we can see two statements
are incorrect, hence option A is the correct
answer.
Q17 Text Solution:
Generally, the fruit consists of a wall or pericarp
and seeds. The pericarp may be dry or fleshy.
When pericarp is thick and fleshy, it is
differentiated into the outer epicarp, the middle
or
mesocarp and the inner endocarp.
Q18 Text Solution:
The arrangement of ovules within the ovary is
known as placentation. The type of
placentation found in Dianthus and Primrose is
free central. In this type the ovules are borne on
the central axis and septa are absent. So B is
It
the correct answer.
Q19 Text Solution:
The mode of arrangement of sepals or petals in
floral bud with respect to the other members of
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the same whorl is known as aestivation. When
one margin of the appendage overlaps that of
the next one and so on as in china rose, lady’s
finger and cotton, the aestivation is called
twisted. So option B is the correct answer.
Q20 Text Solution:
A lateral branch with short internodes and each
node bearing a rosette of leaves and a tuft of
roots is found in aquatic plants like Pistia and
Eichhornia. Such modification of stem is called
offset, which is like runner, another modification
of stem. Mint and Jasmine are examples of
stolon. Banana, pineapple and
Chrysanthemum are examples of sucker. Some
plants of arid regions modify their stems into
flattened (Opuntia), or fleshy cylindrical
(Euphorbia) structures. They contain chlorophyll
and carry out photosynthesis.
Q21 Text Solution:
Pisum is the genus of pea, which belongs to the
Leguminoceae family. In this family the flowers
have five petals, the largest (standard) overlaps
the two lateral petals (wings) which in turn
overlap the two smallest anterior petals (keel);
and this type of aestivation is known as
vexillary or papilionaceous. Hence option B is
the correct answer.
Q22 Text Solution:
The calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower,
consisting of sepals. Sepals are usually green
and protect the flower during its bud stage. The
androecium is the male reproductive part of the
flower, consisting of stamens. The gynoecium is
the female reproductive part of the flower,
consisting of one or more carpels, which include
an ovary, style, and stigma. It is responsible for
producing ovules, which upon fertilization
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develop into seeds. The flower as a whole
represents the reproductive unit of
angiosperms. It includes both male
(androecium) and female (gynoecium)
reproductive parts. The androecium produces
pollen, which contains the male gametes, while
the gynoecium contains the ovules, which
house the female gametes.
Q23 Text Solution:
In mango the pericarp is well differentiated into
an outer thin epicarp, a middle fleshy edible
mesocarp and an inner stony hard endocarp.
So option D is the correct answer.
Q24 Text Solution:
In symmetry, the flower may be actinomorphic
(radial symmetry) or zygomorphic (bilateral
symmetry). When a flower can be divided into
two equal radial halves in any radial plane
passing through the centre, it is said to be
actinomorphic, e.g., mustard, Datura, chilli.
When it can be divided into two similar halves
only in one particular vertical plane, it is
zygomorphic, e.g., pea, gulmohur, bean, Cassia.
Canna is asymmetric, meaning it cannot be
divided into two similar halves by any vertical
plane passing through the centre. So option B is
the correct answer.
Q25 Text Solution:
When stamens are attached to the petals, they
are called epipetalous as in brinjal. This is
arrangement of stamens with respect to the
petals. Aestivation is mode of arrangement of
sepals or petals in floral bud with respect to the
other members of the same whorl, i.e. petals
with petals or sepals with sepals. So option B is
the correct answer.
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