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Pom Inventory Control Subject To Known Demand
Pom Inventory Control Subject To Known Demand
确定需求下的库存控制
4.1 简介
⚫ 库存
– A stock of materials used to satisfy customer
demand or to support the production of services or
goods
⚫ 库存管理
– Management of inventories to meet competitive
priorities
⚫ 库存的作用
相关需求
(计算得出)
E(1)
t
dt
⚫ 惩罚成本
Q* = 2 K / h
2K (2)(12)(3120)
Q* = = = 3870
h 0.005
Huang Shuo
8–29
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4.5 EOQ模型
⚫ 敏感性分析
– 订货批量为最优值Q*时的成本
G * = K / Q * + hQ * / 2 = 2 K h
– 对于任意订货批量Q,其成本与最优成本的比值
G (Q ) K / Q + hQ / 2 1 Q* Q
= = + *
2K h
*
G 2Q Q
⚫ EOQ与JIT
决策变量是什么?
最优订货量是多少?
2K
Q* =
h'
Huang Shuo
8–38
<<上一页 下一页 >> SEM, Tsinghua University
图4-13 增量折扣订货成本函数
Huang Shuo
8–39
<<上一页 下一页 >> SEM, Tsinghua University
4.7 数量折扣模型
⚫ 分析
– 全量折扣
– 采购成本函数C(Q)为:
2K (2)(8)(600)
Q (1) = = = 406
Ic1 (0.2)(0.29)
2K (2)(8)(600)
Q (2)
= = = 414
Ic2 (0.2)(0.28)
G0 (Q ) for 0 Q 500
G (Q ) = G1 (Q ) for 500 Q 1000
G (Q ) for 1000 Q
2
G(400) = $204
G(500) = $198.1
G(1000) = $200.8
900
925
875
– 单位产品采购成本函数
0.30 for 0 Q 500
C (Q ) / Q = 0.29 + 5 / Q for 500 Q 1000
0.28 + 15 / Q for 1000 Q
⚫ 最优策略求解过程(增量折扣)
– 找出所有成本曲线最低点对应的Q值
– 从这些订货批量中寻找可行解
– 将可行解分别代入到成本函数中去,使成本函数最
低的那个Q值就是最优订货批量
EOQi = 2 K i i / hi for i = 1, ,n
– 如果约束不起作用,即 c EOQ
i =1
i i C
那么最优解就是Qi = EOQi
n
– 如果约束起作用,即 c EOQ
i =1
i i C
那么EOQ解不可行
那么最优解Qi* = mEOQi,
n
其中 m = C ci EOQi
i =1
(2)(150)(1150)
EOQ2 = = 63
(0.25)(350)
(2)(50)(800)
EOQ3 = = 61
(0.25)(85)