MỤC LỤC

BÀI 1: Trợ Động Từ Và Động Từ Khiếm Khuyết ..................

BÀI 2: Thì .............................................................................
BÀI 3: Từ Loại ......................................................................
BÀI 4: Đại Từ .......................................................................
BÀI 5: Các Dạng So Sánh .....................................................
BÀI 6: Hình Thức Của Động Từ (V0 - Ving – To V0) .............
BÀI 7: Hòa Hợp Giữa Chủ Ngữ Và Động Từ ........................
BÀI 8: Câu Bị Động ..............................................................
BÀI 9: Mệnh Đề Quan Hệ ...................................................
BÀI 10: Giới Từ ....................................................................
BÀI 11: Liên Từ ....................................................................
BÀI 12: Câu Điều Kiện .........................................................
BÀI 13: Từ Chỉ Số Lượng .....................................................
 CÁC ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP *TRỌNG TÂM* TRONG BÀI THI TOEIC
BÀI 1: AUXILIARY VERBS & MODAL VERBS
(Trợ động từ và động từ khiếm khuyết)

 Định nghĩa:
Trợ động từ là từ bổ trợ cho động từ thường giúp hình thành nên 1 thì nào đó hoặc 1 thể câu nào đó.

1. The children are playing baseball.

2. The book was listed the best – seller last year. * BE

* HAS/ HAVE TRONG HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
3. She has lived in Lon Don for 10 years. * DO/ DOES/ DID
* ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT
4. I don’t like this jacket. => TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ

5. He will attend the awards ceremony tomorrow.

* I do believe that he is right. => DO/ DOES/ DID + VO trong câu khẳng định => NHẤN MẠNH

 Các động từ khiếm khuyết (modal verbs) thường sử dụng:

MODAL VERBS VÍ DỤ

will + VO (câu chủ động) Ex: I will open the door for you.

Ex: I will be there at 8 a.m.

shall + VO (câu chủ động) Ex: Where shall we sit?

=> chỉ đi cùng chủ ngữ I hoặc WE
=> trang trọng hơn WILL Ex: I shall ask the store’s manager now.

can + VO (câu chủ động) Ex: Can fish live in the river?
=> độ chắc chắn sự việc >90%

could + VO (câu chủ động) Ex: I think I could understand.

=> độ chắc chắn sự việc >90%
=> là quá khứ của CAN
may+ VO (câu chủ động) Ex: It may rain tomorrow.
=> độ chắc chắn sự việc 50-60%
must + VO (câu chủ động) Ex: Everyone must be on time.
=>must not + Vo: cấm/ không được
phép

have to + VO (câu chủ động) Ex: They have to work late.

should = ought to = had better + VO Ex: You should call her.

(câu chủ động)
=> dùng trong LỜI KHUYÊN Ex: We ought to get there early.
=> had better NOT + VO: không nên

used to + Vo: đã từng Ex: We used to talk every day.

=>diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ, nay
đã không còn
should have v3-ed: lẽ ra nên … Ex: She should have read the book.

could have v3-ed: lẽ ra có thể Ex: They could have won, but they didn’t.

would have V3-ed: lẽ ra sẽ… Ex: I would have driven her to the party, but I was so
busy.
=> dạng giả định không thật trong

quá khứ (thực tế là không làm)

 BÀI 2: TENSES (Thì)
1. HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN
a. Cấu trúc

I/ you/ we/ they + V0

He/ she/ it/ tên riêng (John) + VS/ES

Các động từ thêm “es” tận bằng: o, s, x, ch, sh

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả một thói quen, một hành động xảy ra thường xuyên ở hiện
tạiEx: Olivia often gets up at 6:30 a.m.
Ex: I go to school by bus every morning.
➢ Diễn tả một chân lý, một sự thật hiển
nhiênEx: The Earth goes around the Sun.
Ex: Water boils at 100 degree Celsius.

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ often, usually, frequently

✓ always, constantly
✓ sometimes = occasionally
✓ seldom, rarely
✓ every day/ week/ month …
2. HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN
a. Cấu trúc

I + am
He/ she/ it/ tên riêng + is + Ving
You/ we/ they + are

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra ở hiện
tạiEx: Ms. Vega is playing piano right now.
➢ Dùng sau câu cảm thán
Ex: Look! The child is crying.
Ex: Be quiet! She is working.

➢ Dùng để diễn tả một hành động sắp xảy ra (THÌ TƯƠNG LAI GẦN) nhưng đã được lên kế
hoạch từ trước
Ex: My store is having a sale next week.
Ex: My father is retiring at the end of this year.

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ now/ right now

✓ at the moment (ngay lúc này)
✓ at present (hiện tai)
✓ Look!
✓ Listen!

LƯU Ý: KHÔNG dùng thì HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN với ĐỘNG TỪ NHẬN THỨC, GIÁC QUAN:
Feel/ see/ hear/ glance/ smell/ smell / like/ want/ know/ love/ hate …
Với các động từ này, ta thường thay bằng thì hiện tại.

Ex: I like it. (ĐÚNG) >< I am liking it. (SAI)

Ex: Can you smell something burning.
3. HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
a. Cấu trúc
He/ she/ it/ tên riêng + has V3-ED
I/ we/ they/ you + have V3-ED

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, kéo dài đến hiện tại và có khả năng tiếp tục trong
tương lai.
Ex: John has lived in that house for 10 years.
= John has lived in that house since 2012. (Hiện nay là 2022)
➢ Diễn tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra (just: vừa mới)
Ex: I have just finished my work.
➢ Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ (chấm dứt rồi) nhưng không đề cập đến
thời gian chính xác.
Ex: He has traveled around the world. (We don’t know when)
➢ Diễn tả hành động lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần cho đến thời điểm hiện
tại.Ex: I have heard this song several times.

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ Since + mốc thời gian trong quá khứ: kể từ khi

Ex: since 1982, since last year
✓ For + khoảng thời gian: for 5 years/ for 10 minutes
✓ Recently = lately (gần đây)

✓ Already: đã … rồi
✓ Yet/ just/ ever (đã từng bao giờ chưa + dùng trong câu nghi vấn)
Ex: Have you ever gone abroad?
✓ How long: bao lâu
✓ So far = up to now= up to present (cho đến bây giờ)

✓ In the past/in the last + khoảng thời gian: trong … qua

✓ Over the past/over the past + khoảng thời gian : trong … qua
Ex: It has rained in the past week.
Ex: She hasn’t talked to me over the last 5 days.
4. HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN
a. Cấu trúc

He/ she/ it/ tên riêng + has been VING

I/ we/ they/ you + have been VING

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu từ trong quá khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại => nhấn mạnh tính
liêntục của hành động, liên tục của thời gian (How long)
Ex: She has been working for the same company for 30
years.Ex: I have been learning English since early morning.
c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ Thường đi cùng với “since” hoặc “for”

✓ all day, all her/ his lifetime, all day long, all the morning, all the afternoon

Ex: She has been using computer all the morning.

5. QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

a. Cấu trúc:
S + V2-ed
S + WAS/WERE

b. Cách sử dụng
• Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra, chấm dứt hoàn toàn trong quá khứ và biết rõ thời
gian.Ex: Mr. Jang went to Paris last summer.

Ex: My family left this city in 1990.

• Diễn tả hành động diễn ra suốt một thời gian trong quá khứ => nay đã chấm dứt hoàn
toànEx: He worked as CEO for 5 years before his retirement.

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ last night/ year/ month

✓ yesterday
✓ … ago
✓ in + năm (quá khứ)
6. QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN
a. Cấu trúc
He/ she/ it/ tên riêng + was VING
I/ we/ they/ you + were VING

b. Cách sử dụng
• Hành động đang xảy ta tại một thời điểm trong quá
khứEx: Mary was giving a presentation at 3 P.M. yesterday.

• Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra (ở quá khứ) thì có 1 hành động khác xen vào.

 Hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ => QKTD, hành động xen vào => QKĐ.
Ex: When I came yesterday, he was sleeping.

Ex: What was she doing when you saw her last night?

• Diễn tả 2 hành động xảy ra song song cùng một lúc trong quá khứ.
Ex: Yesterday, I was washing dishes while my sister was cleaning the room.
c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ At this time last night

✓ At this moment last year
✓ At 8 p.m. yesterday

7. QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

a. Cấu trúc

S + had V3-ED

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.
(Hành động xảy ra trước dùng QKHT, hành động xảy ra sau dùng QKĐ)

Ex: When I got up this morning, my mother had already left.

➢ Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một mốc thời gian xác định trong quá khứ.
Ex: We had lived in HUE before 1975.
8. QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN
a. Cấu trúc

S + had been + VING

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Cách dùng giống thì quá khứ hoàn thành => nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động,
liên
tục của thời gian
Ex: The boys had been playing soccer for 2 hours when it started to rain yesterday.

9. TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

a. Cấu trúc

S + WILL VO
I/ WE + SHALL VO

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả một quyết định tức thì.
Ex: Today, I feel miss my grandmother so much. I will visit her house after working tomorrow.
➢ Diễn tả một dự đoán không có căn cứ.
Ex: I think she won’t come and join our party.
➢ Diễn đạt lời hứa
Ex: I promise I will call her every day.
*LƯU Ý: KHÔNG dùng thì TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN trong MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG NGỮ CHỈ THỜI GIAN
(when/ before/after/ as soon as/ until) mà thay bằng hiện tại đơn hoặc hiện tại hoàn thành.
Ex: When Mr. Smith retires, a new marketing director will be appointed.
-> will retire (SAI)

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ tomorrow
✓ next day/ week/ month
✓ someday/ soon
✓ as soon as
✓ until …
10. TƯƠNG LAI GẦN
a. Cấu trúc

S + is/ am/ are going to + VO: dự định sẽ làm gì

S + is/ am/ are + VING : sắp sửa làm gì

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả một kế hoạch, một dự định đã được tính trước, một việc sắp sửa xảy
ra.Ex: My father is going to retire at the end of this year.

Ex: My store is going to have a special promotion next week.

11. TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN

a. Cấu trúc

S + will be + VING

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra vào một THỜI ĐIỂM XÁC ĐỊNH TRONG TƯƠNG LAI.

Ex: I will be having breakfast at 7 a.m. tomorrow.

Ex: We will be watching TV at 9 o’clock tonight.
➢ Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra, kéo dài liên tục trong tương lai.
Ex: Next week is Christmas, I will be staying with my family for the next 5 days.
c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

✓ At this time tomorrow

✓ At this moment next month
✓ At present next Monday
✓ At 5 p.m. tomorrow
12. TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH
a. Cấu trúc

S + will have V3-ED

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Diễn tả một hành động sẽ hoàn tất trước một thời điểm trong tương lai
Ex: They will have built that buidling by June next year.
➢ Diễn tả một hành động sẽ hoàn tất trước một hành động khác trong tương
lai.Ex: When you come back, I’ll have finished my report.

c. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

➢ By + mốc thời gian trong tương lai (by the end of next month, by tomorrow)
➢ By then
➢ By the time

13. TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

a. Cấu trúc

S + will have been + VING

b. Cách sử dụng
➢ Dùng giống thì tương lai hoàn thành => nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành động, liên tục
của
thời gian

Ex: By January next month, I will have been living in this house for 5 months.
Ex: By the end of this year, I will have been working for this company for 10 years.
BÀI TẬP
1. Listen! The band (test) the new guitar.
2. John (read) a book when I saw him.
3. Simpson Manufacturing Co. (hire) experienced workers to meet
thehigh demand last month.
4. By next Christmas, I (attend) for this English club for 6 months.
5. I often (eat) breakfast at 7 A.M.
6. Last month, I (be) in the hospital for 10 days.
7. He’ll leave as soon as he (hear) the news.
8. How long you (wait) for me? Just 10 minutes.
9. When the teacher came in, the students (play) games.
10. Mr. Jang (work) at this university so far.
11. She (come) and (see) you soon.
12. What you (do) when I (ring) you last night?
13. She (prepare) the dinner in the kitchen at the moment.
14. I (go) to London. It was a wonderful experience!
15. When I arrived at the station, the train (leave) .
16. He (work) on the report at this time tomorrow.
17. I (wait) for you since early morning.
18. I (lose) my key. Can you help me look for it?
19. People (speak) English in America.
20. John (drive) that car ever since I (know) _________________ him.
21. Someone (steal) my handbag on the bus.
22. I (meet) him 3 years ago.
23. The participants (fill) out the registration form yet.
24. Yesterday, the assistant (report) that she (finish) the meeting’s
report.
25. Jessy (teach)__________at this university since she (graduate)_____________ in
1990.
26. The clients (wait) in the meeting room for 30 minutes.
27. By the end of this year, the personnel manager (complete)____________ employee reviews.
28. I occasionally (play) the soccer with my friends.
29. I think our team (win) in this contest.
30. Next week, my mother (come) to stay with us.
 BÀI 3: WORD FORMS (TỪ LOẠI)
1. DANH TỪ (NOUN)

DANH TỪ ĐẾM ĐƯỢC DANH TỪ KHÔNG ĐẾM ĐƯỢC

• Danh từ số ít • KHÔNG đi cùng “a hoặc an”
Ex: an apple, a book • KHÔNG được thêm ‘s’ hoặc ‘es’
• Danh từ số nhiều
Ex: apples, books Ex: water/ traffic/ information

✓ Danh từ thường tận cùng bằng các đuôi: “…tion, …sion, …ness, …ance, …ence, …ment,
…ship, …ity, …er, …or”
Ex: nation, television, happiness, importance, difference, environment, friendship,
university, worker, visitor
* VỊ TRÍ CỦA DANH TỪ TRONG CÂU:
➢ Đứng làm chủ ngữ trong câu
Ex: The cow likes eating grass.
➢ Sau mạo từ: a/ an/
theEx: It is an apple.
Ex: I explained the benefits of this policy.
➢ Sau từ chỉ số lượng: many, some, several, any, both, most, all …
Ex: Some problems were resolved.
➢ Sau tính từ sở hữu: my/ his/ her/ your/ its/ their/ our
➢ Sau sở hữu cách: ’s +
NOUNEx: This is Mary’s cat.
➢ Sau giới từ: in/ on/ at/ of/ with/ under/ about … + cụm danh
từEx: He is good at English.

Ex: We are interested in your company’s design.

➢ Đứng giữa 2 giới từ
Ex: This material is to inform drivers OF limitation ON bridge travel for oversized vehicles.
➢ Kết hợp cùng DANH TỪ để tạo thành DANH TỪ KÉP
MỘT SỐ CỤM DANH TỪ KÉP HAY XUẤT HIỆN TRONG TOEIC TEST
Order form (n-phr) Đơn đặt hàng Safety regulation (n-phr) Quy định an toàn
Customer service Dịch vụ khách hàng Admission fee Phí vào cổng
Farewell party Tiệc chia tay Interest rate Lãi suất
Job interview Buổi phỏng vấn xin việc Maintenance fee Phí bảo trì
Bank account Tài khoản ngân hàng Sales representative Người đại diện sales
Sales figures Số liệu bán hàng Customer complaint Lời phàn nàn k. hàng
Job opening Chỗ trống công việc Customer satisfaction Sự hài lòng k. hàng
Application form Đơn xin việc Product review Bài đánh giá sản phẩm
Expiration date Ngày hết hạn Shipping address Địa chỉ giao hàng
Discount coupon Phiếu giảm giá Return policy Chính sách trả hàng

Ex: Please fill out this application form.

2. TÍNH TỪ (ADJECTIVE)
➔ Tính từ thường tận cùng bằng các đuôi: ---ous, ---ive, ---ful, ---less, ---ible, ---able,
---ent, ---ic, ---al
Ex: delicious, informative, wonderful, careless, responsible, reliable, confident, toxic,
physical
➔ Tính từ đuôi “ed” và “ing”
* Tính từ đuôi -ed:
Là tính từ dùng cho người, dùng dể mô tả cảm xúc của con người.
Ex: I am interested in your logo design.
Ex: Right now, I feel so excited.

* Tính từ đuôi – ing:

* Là tính từ dùng cho để mô tả bản chất của người hoặc vật.
Ex: This an interesting book.
Ex: He is such a boring guy.
➔ Cần lưu ý 1 số tính từ: N + LY = ADJ
Ex: friendly/ lovely/ costly/ weekly/ yearly/ monthly/ quarterly
➔ Vừa là TÍNH TỪ, vừa là TRẠNG TỪ: fast/ hard/ late

Ex: He works hard. /He drives fast.

 * VỊ TRÍ CỦA TÍNH TỪ TRONG CÂU:
➢ Trước danh từ => Adj + N
Ex: a beautiful girl, a famous singer
➢ Sau “to be”: I’m intelligent/ You are friendly.
➢ Sau ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH: someone/ something/ anyone/ anything/ everybody/ somebody …
Ex: Is there anything new?
Ex: I will tell you something special/ interesting.
➢ Sau động từ nhận thức tri giác: feel, look, smell, taste, hear…
Ex: She feels tired. /He looks happy.
➢ Stay, remain, make, keep, become + (O) + Adj
Ex: She stayed angry all night.

Ex: He makes me happy.

Ex: Now, he becomes famous.
➢ S + find + O + adj
Ex: I find this story interesting.
➢ Dùng trong câu cảm thán

o How + adj/adv + S + be/ V!

Ex: How beautiful she is!

o What + (a/an) + adj + N!

Ex: What a nice picture!
3. TRẠNG TỪ (ADVERB)
➔ Trạng từ thường tận cùng bằng các đuôi: ---ly
➔ Thường được cấu tạo: ADJ + ly = ADV
Ex: beautifully, carefully, quickly …
* VỊ TRÍ CỦA TRẠNG TỪ TRONG CÂU:
➢ Bổ nghĩa cho V thường
V + ADV: He spoke loudly.
ADV + V: I really like you.
➢ Đứng giữa CHỦ NGỮ và ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH của câu
Ex: We carefully reviewed the project.

➢ Bổ nghĩa cho tính từ

Ex: She is very/ quite beautiful.
Ex: It’s an extremely good idea.
➢ Bổ nghĩa cho ADV khác
Ex: He drives very/ extremely/ quite/ pretty carefully.
➢ Bổ nghĩa cho “TO V”
Ex: The drivers are reminded to drive carefully.
➢ Bổ nghĩa cho cả câu
___ , S + V + (O).

.S + V + (O) + ____ __ . VỊ TRÍ CẦN ĐIỀN LÀ TRẠNG TỪ

S + BE + O.
Ex: Luckily, I won the lottery.
Ex: He answered my question quickly.
Ex The advertisement for Zhou’s Cáfe was clearly ABC’ best one of the year.

➢ Đứng giữa thì TIẾP DIỄN và HOÀN THÀNH để bổ trợ cho V

o is/ are/ are/ was/ were/ will be + ADV + Ving
has been/ have been/ had been + ADV + Ving
Ex: He is currently working for the design company.

o has/ have/ had+ ADV + V3-ed

Ex: The price for this product has quickly increased.
➢ Đứng giữa câu bị động: be + ADV + V3-ed
Ex: The question was EASILY answered by Peter.

4. ĐỘNG TỪ (VERB)
➔ Động từ “to be” gồm: is/ am/ are/ was/ were/ has been/ have been/ had been/ will
be/ being
➔ Động từ khiếm khuyết (modal verbs): can/ could/ may/ might/ shall/ should/ must/ have
to …
➔ Động từ chỉ hành động: dance, eat, sing, drink, study, learn …

* VỊ TRÍ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪTRONG CÂU:

➔ Sau chủ ngữ
Ex: She learns English well.
Ex: He can swim.
Ex: I am a student.
BÀI TẬP
1. It was an trip. (excite)
2. He drives very so he seldom causes accident. (care)
3. Computers are used in schools and universities. (wide)
4. I sometimes do not feel when I am at a party. (comfort)
5. English is the language of . (communicate)
6. Jack wrote several novels on adventure. (interest)
7. He failed the final exam because he didn’t make any for it. (prepare)
8. The film is so I’m . (bore)
9. How the street is! (danger)
10. These flowers look . (nature)
11. I’ll have David repair my electronic . (cook)
12. It’s not to answer this question. (difficult)
13. Water has no color. It’s a liquid. (color)
14. Don’t worry about her . (complain)
15. Mr. Smith has just bought an watch. (expensive)
16. She lives although she is poor. (happy)
17. This tree is very . (use)
18. She has finished her best . (perform)
19. Be in your work. (care)
20. Last night the singer sang very (good)
21. Mr. Gupta explained the to the sales team. (benefit)
22. If you have bought this item and want to learn how to use it, call
me.(recent)
23. We can buy office such as desks and tables from this
company.(equip)
24. Ms. Elly designed the most marketing campaign. (create)
25. This picture inspires (truyền cảm hứng) Elia to paint. (continual)
26. Mr. Jones my clients while I am on vacation. (assistance)
27. Sidewalks (vỉa hè) in this town are one meter wide. (general)
28. This camera has a lightweight (nhẹ) box. (particular)
29. Major airlines have been using this system to reduce wait
times(increase)
30. There is nothing to me right now. (importance)
 BÀI 4: PRONOUN (ĐẠI TỪ)
1. ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG:
o Ngôi thứ nhất: I, WE
o Ngôi thứ hai: YOU
o Ngôi thứ ba: HE, SHE, IT, THEY

ĐẠI TỪ TÂN NGỮ TÍNH TỪ ĐẠI TỪ ĐẠI TỪ

NHÂN XƯNG SỞ HỮU SỞ HỮU PHẢN THÂN
I me my mine myself
YOU (số ít) you your yours yourself
HE him his his himself
SHE her her hers herself
IT it its its itself
WE us our ours ourselves
THEY them their theirs themselves
YOU (số nhiều) you your yours yourselves

➔ Đại từ nhân xưng: đứng đầu câu làm CHỦ NGỮ, theo sau luôn là 1 ĐỘNG TỪ.
Ex: SHE is my sister.

➔ Tính từ sở hữu: luôn đi cùng với DANH TỪ.

Ex: This is MY/ HER house.
Ex: Is it YOUR pen?
➔ Đại từ sở hữu = tính từ sở hữu + N => đại từ sở hữu chỉ dùng khi có danh
từ phù hợp nh ắc trước đó.
Ex: My watch is more expensive than HERS/ HIS/ THEIRS.
= My watch is more expensive than her watch/ his watch/ their watch.
➔ Đại từ phản thân: dùng để nhấn mạnh cho đại từ trong câu => có thể đứng CUỐI CÂU
hoặc đúng SAU CHỦ NGỮ
Ex: He went to the meeting (by) himself.
Ex: She herself does this homework.

*AMONG + ĐẠI TỪ PHẢN THÂN SỐ NHIỀU (yourselves/ themselves/ ourselves): VỚI NHAU
Ex: The students are prohibited to talk AMONG THEMSELVES in the exam.
(Học sinh bị cấm nói chuyện VỚI NHAU trong kì thi.)
2. ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH: là từ mang nghĩa chung chung, không ám chỉ ai hay bất kỳ vật gì cụ thể.
every
any
body/ thing/ one
no
some

Tổng cộng: 12 ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH

➔ ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH luôn chia V SỐ ÍT
Ex: Everyone is happy now.
Ex: Everything looks nice.
➔ ĐẠI TỪ BẤT ĐỊNH + ADJ

Ex: Is there anything NEW in your job?

LƯU Ý:
o somebody, something, someone: dùng trong lời mời, câu khẳng
địnhEx: Would you like to drink something?

o anybody, anything, anyone: dùng trong phủ định, nghi vấn và mệnh đề
IFEx: If anyone has any question, please call me.

o nobody, nothing, no one: KHÔNG ĐI CÙNG với câu PHỦ ĐỊNH

BÀI TẬP
I. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. What is (your/ yours) phone number?
2. She lives in Australia now with (she/ her) family.
3. (He/ him) builds this house.
4. (Their/ theirs) children go to school in London.
5. Peter and Mary painted the fence by (himself/ themselves)
6. The exam (herself/ itself) wasn’t difficult, but exam room was bad.
7. I want to speak with (her/ she).
8. My family has 3 people: my father, my mother and (I/me).
9. My ruler is broken. Can I borrow (your/ yours)?
10. I went to the bank with (he/ him) yesterday.
11. John (he/ himself) went to the meeting.
12. This package is for David and (myself/ me).
13. Mary and (he/ him) attended the workshop.
14. Aren’t (they/ their) nice people?
15. My house is bigger than (hers/ her).
II. Điền something, everything, anything, nothing, everyone, someone, no one
1. I do wrong, so I don’t fear (sợ) the law.
2. I think we should let him to do it alone. He will resolve quickly.
3. The man is researching . He even doesn’t tell his wife about it.
4. Mother! Have you got to eat? I am very hungry.
5. happened in my neighbor house last night. I heard them screaming (la thét).
6. ______________ has gone out. You can’t meet them now.
7. Look! There is climbing on the ladder.
8. wants to make friends with her because she is a bad girl.
9. stole my money when I was sleeping.
10. disagree with her plans, so she is starting to persuade each of them.
 BÀI 5: COMPARISONS (CÁC DẠNG SO SÁNH)
1. So sánh bằng
Công thức:

S + be + as adj as + O
S + V thường + as adv as + O

Ex: She is as tall as me.

Ex: He runs as quickly as I do.
Trong câu phủ định có thể thay SO cho AS ĐẦU TIÊN.

*Hoặc cũng có thể dùng cấu trúc khác

S + v + the same + (noun) + as + O.

Ex: My house is the same height as hers.

= My house is as high as hers.

2. So sánh hơn

S+V adj/ adv (ngắn) + ER + than + O

MORE + adj/adv (dài)
LESS + adj/adv (dài)

Ex: This item is cheaper than that one.

Ex: She is more beautiful than me.
Ex: She paints more beautifully than I do.
Ex: His watch is less expensive than mine.
Ex: She speaks English less fluently than I do.

* LƯU Ý: much/ far/ even + ss hơn => nhấn mạnh

Ex: This bed is much more comfortable than that one.
Ex: His car is far better than yours.
3. So sánh kép (càng … càng)

* Trường hợp 1 MỆNH ĐỀ

➔ Adj ngắn: S + be + ADJ-er AND ADJ-er

Ex: This product is cheaper and cheaper

➔ Adj dài: S + be + MORE AND MORE + ADJ dài
Ex: She is more and more intelligent.
* Trường hợp 2 MỆNH ĐỀ
The + ss hơn + S + V, the + ss hơn + S + V
Ex: The sooner you take your medicine, the better you will feel.
Ex: The more carefully he studies, the more confident he feels.

4. So sánh nhất

S + V + the + adj/ adv (ngắn) + est + O

S + V + the most/ least + adj/adv (dài) + O

Ex: Peter is the tallest boy in this class.

Ex: This chair is the most comfortable of all.
Ex: He run the fastest in my class.

LƯU Ý:
So sánh hơn So sánh nhất
good/ well better the best
bad/ badly worse the worst
much/ many more the most
little/ a little less the least
far farther/ further the farthest/ furthest

* Tính từ/ trạng từ nào cấu tạo từ 2 âm tiết, tận cùng “y” thì xem như tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn.
➔ Happy => happier => the happiest
➔ Easy => easier => the easiest
➔ Friendly => friendlier => the friendliest
➔ Early => earlier => the earliest
BÀI TẬP
I. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. bad – (badder/worse) – worst
2. She can’t sing (well/ goodly) but she can play the piano beautifully.
3. David is much taller (than/ to) Charles.
4. Nam can speak Chinese (fluent/ more fluently) than Minh.
5. Of the five shirts, I like the blue one (better/ best).
6. Pete’s car is (faster/ fastest) than Dan’s.
7. Does Fred feel (better/ weller) today than he did yesterday?
8. My dog is the (prettiest / prettier) of the two.
9. This is the (most interesting/ interesting) book I have read in the long time.
10. A new house is (more expensive/ most expensive) than an old one.

II. Điền đáp án đúng vào chỗ trống.

1. A lion is (dangerous) than an elephant.
2. Jessy is as (pretty) as her sister.
3. This chair is (comfortable) than that one.
4. China is far (large) than the UK.
5. Of the three boys, Peter is the (badly-bred)
6. That flight ticket is (expensive) of all.
7. John is (lazy) and (lazy).
8. The story is (interesting).
9. Mr. Smith is the (generous) person I have ever known.
10. They introduced the new product as (successful) as previous one.
 BÀI 6: FORMS OF VERB
HÌNH THỨC CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (phần 1) => VO
➔ Sau ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT (modal verbs) + VO (câu chủ động)

Ex: I can swim.

Ex: Mary will answer your questions.
Ex: May I come out?

➔ S + be + necessary/ imperative/ essential/ vital THAT + S + VO (câu chủ động)

➔ S + be + necessary/ imperative/ essential/ vital THAT + S + BE V3-ED (câu bị động)

Ex: It was necessary that HE to the meeting.
a. go
b. goes
c. went
d. going
Ex: It was necessary that the DOCUMENT to him.
a. submit
b. was submitted
c. be submitted
d. submitted

ask/ require/ request

➔ S+ THAT + S + VO (chủ động)
suggest/ recommend
THAT + S + be V3-ED (bị động)
advise/ insist
Ex: Peter insisted that HE to the meeting.
a. go
b. goes
c. went
d. going
Ex: The manager requested that the contract to him by noon.
a. email
b. was emailed
c. be emailed
d. emailed
➔ Các trường hợp hay xuất hiện trong đề

Can/ could / may + Vo (chủ động) Có thể/ có lẽ …

Please + Vo Vui lòng …

Ex: Please help me.

Had better + Vo Nên …

Ex: You had better go to the dentist.

Help + O + Vo/ to VO Giúp ai đó làm gì

Let + (O) + Vo Để cho ai làm gì

Ex: Let me consider.

Used to + Vo Đã từng (diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ,

Ex: My father used to smoke. giờ không còn)

Đứng đầu câu mệnh lệnh: Hãy …

Ex: Listen to me, please.
Ex: Repeat after me.
Ex: Keep silent.
 HÌNH THỨC CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (phần 2): VING - TO V
VING
1. Là chủ ngữ của câu
Ex: Teaching children is not easy.
Ex: Going to class late makes teacher
angry.
2. Sau giới từ + Ving
3. Sau phrasal verbs (động từ + giới từ)
apologize for, give up , look forward to,
looking for (tìm kiếm)
Ex: I’m looking forward to hearing from
you soon.
4. Sau 1 số động từ:
avoid, mind, enjoy, admit (thừa nhận),
consider (xem xét), appreciate (đánh giá
cao), keep, practice, risk, finish, quit,
discontinue, suggest
Ex: Keep doing! Everything will be OK.
Ex: What does the man suggest doing?
5. Theo sau các cụm từ như:
• Be/ get used to
• Be/ get accustomed to QUEN VỚI
• Be/ get familiar with
Ex: I am used to getting up early.
• spend time/money + VING
(dành thời gian/ tiền bạc làm gì)
Ex: She spent her time learning English.
TO V
1. Be ADJ + to V
Ex: I’m happy to go out.
Ex: It’s important to do do this right away.
*Ngoại trừ: be busy + Ving
*Ngoại trừ: be worth + Ving
2. Take time + to V
Ex: Thank you for taking your time to
interview me.
3. Sau các từ để hỏi: what/ how/ when/
where/ which + to V
Ex: Can you show me how to use this
software?
Ex: She doesn’t know what to say.
4. Các động từ theo sau là to V:
would like, plan, tend (có xu hướng), wish,
promise, afford
Ex: I wish to buy this product.
Ex: I would like to meet your manager.
5. Các công thức sau:
• ask/ require
• allow/ permit/ enable
• remind
SB TO VO
• encourage
• force
• persuade/ convince
Ex: She encouraged me to try again.
Ex: They persuaded us to go with them.
LƯU Ý: Một số động từ có thể đi cùng TO V và VING

VING: dừng hẳn việc đang làm

• STOP

TO V: dừng lại việc đang làm để làm 1 việc khác

Ex: Stop smoking.

Ex: I stopped to make a telephone call.

TO V: cố gắng để làm gì
• TRY

VING: thử làm gì

Ex: I try to study hard to pass the exam.

Ex: I try singing English.

see + O + VING => khi người nói chỉ chứng kiến

một phần của hành động
• SAU ĐỘNG TỪ TRI GIÁC:
see + O + VO => khi người nói chứng kiến toàn
[see/ hear/ smell/ feel/ watch…]
bộ hành động

Ex: I see him leave the house.

Ex: I smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.

TOEIC SOS 1|Page

BÀI TẬP: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Would you mind (buy) me lunch?
2. (learn) a new language is very exciting.
3. I tried (explain) it to him, but he didn’t understand.
4. I suggested (not go) out in the rain.
5. It is not worth (worry) about it.
6. He keeps (ask) me such stupid questions.
7. It was necessary that the employees (give) this chance to do this project.
8. I studied hard (pass) this exam.
9. He manages (xoay xở) (buy) this coat.
10. I would like (meet) your supervisor.
11. Let me (know) your answer.
12. The consultant advised us (reduce) the advertising budget.
13. Thank you for taking time (meet) me.
14. Can you help me (find) my key?
15. The manager asked that visitors (not touch) this item.
16. I wish (delete) the file from my computer.
17. I want to try (wear) that dress.
18. I am used to (live) alone.
19. We stopped once (một lúc) (buy) the petrol and then we
stoppedagain (ask) someone the way.
20. Who is responsible for (design) the packaging?
21. I’m happy (hear) this news.
22. It’s necessary (switch off) a light when you go out.
23. The company doesn’t allow employee (use) the phone when working.
24. Stop (talk) in the classroom.
25. The teacher reminds student (not talk) in the exam.
26. Please (close) the door when you leave.
27. He is good at (play) basketball.
28. My father used to (smoke) when he was young.
29. I often tend (be) alone when I am sad.
30. The teacher encourages me (join) this team.

TOEIC SOS 1|Page

 BÀI 7: SUBJECT & VERB AGREEMENT
(HÒA HỢP CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ)
Ex 1: Registration for cooking classes easy.
a. has
b. have
c. is
Ex 2: Everybody to buy this product, call me.
a. want
b. wants
c. wanting
Ex 3: A number of cows grass.
a. are eating
b. is eating
c. to eat

Ex 4: Mr. Yamamoto’s plans going to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting.

a. is
b. are
c. had

1. ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ ÍT

➔ Noun + Noun (ám chỉ cùng 1 người/ 1 vật)

Ex: My friend and consultant (cố vấn), Mary, is going to the party tonight.

• Each/ every + N số ít
• Each/ every + of N số nhiều xác định + V số ít
Ex: Each person is allowed 20kg luggage
Ex: Each of the employees is given a bonus.
• Đại từ bất định: someone/ something/ anything/ nobody… + V số ít
Ex: Everybody is here.

• Hình thức số nhiều nhưng ngụ ý số ít: news/ physics (vật lý), economics (kinh tế
học), mathematics/ measles/ mumps
Ex: Physics is my favorite subject.

TOEIC SOS 1|Page

 • Danh từ không đếm được: water/ information/ traffic/ knowledge/ furniture…
Ex: Furniture is more expensive than I think.

• Khoảng cách, tiền bạc, thời gian

Ex: 10 meters is ………………………
10 dollars is ………………………
10 days is ………………………

• Tựa đề cuốn sách/ bài hát/ bộ phim/ câu chuyện

Ex: “Tom and Jerry” is my favourite cartoon.

• Ving đứng đầu câu làm chủ ngữ + V số ít

Ex: Teaching children is not easy.

• Mệnh đề danh ngữ: That/ What ................ + V số ít

Ex: That you get high mark in school is very good

2. ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ NHIỀU

• Noun + Noun (ám chỉ2 người/ 2 vật khác nhau) + V số nhiều

Ex: Lan and Nam are classmates.

• Từ chỉ số lượng: some/ many/ several/ most … + N số nhiều + V số nhiều

Ex: Some students enjoy this activity.

• THE + ADJ = DANH TỪ SỐ NHIỀU

Ex: The rich are not always happy.

• Hình thức số ít ngụ ý số nhiều: people/ police/ team/ poultry/ cattle/ government
Ex: Police have arrested the thief. (Cảnh sát bắt giữ tên trộm.)

TOEIC SOS 1|Page

3. HỖN HỢP
• Either N1 or N2
• Neither N1 nor N2 + V (chia theo N2)
• Not only N1 but also N2

=> CÔNG THỨC SONG SONG thì động từ chính trong câu chia theo DANH TỪ GẦN NHẤT
Ex: Not only my brother but also my sisters (is/are) here.

• N1 of N2
N1 in N2 for N3 + V (chia theo N1)
N1 along with N2
N1 together with N2

=> Khi CHỦ NGỮ trong câu nối với nhau thông qua GIỚI TỪ thì ĐỘNG TỪ CHÍNH trong câu chia
theo DANH TỪ ĐẦU TIÊN

• The number of + N số nhiều + V số ít: CON SỐ/ SỐ LƯỢNG …

• A number of + N số nhiều + V số nhiều: NHIỀU …
Ex: The number of days in a week is seven.
Ex: A number of people are walking in the park.

• There be + N: Có …
Ex: There is a book.
Ex: There are two books.

• Some/ most / half / both/ any /neither/ none of + N không đếm được + V số ít
Some/ most / half / both/ any /neither/ none of + N số nhiều + V nhiều

Ex: None of the money (has/ have) been found.

Ex: Most of the students (has/ have) finished the exam.

• No + Noun (không đếm được/ số ít/ số

nhiều)Ex: No example is relevant to this case.

Ex: No two days are the same.

TOEIC SOS 1|Page

BÀI TẬP: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Everybody (is/ are) on time for class.
2. There (is/are) some bills for you to pay.
3. Neither Bill nor his children (is/ are) going to the cinema tonight.
4. Information about vacation plans (was posted/ were posted) on the company
bulletinboard.
5. A number of reporters (was/ were) at the conference yesterday.
6. The company’s new director (has decided/ have decided) to lay off more than 100
employees.
7. The office building (is surrounded/ are surrounded) by a lot of trees and grasses.
8. Eight hours (is/ are) too long to wait, don’t you think?
9. Either Mary or her friends (answer/ answers) this question.
10. Seven dollars (is/ are) too much to pay for that shirt.
11. None of the students (enjoy/ enjoys) the tennis.
12. Installing new software (is taking/ are taking) longer than we expected.
13. “The world is a flat” (is/ are) an amusing book.
14. There (was/ were) some people at the meeting last night.
15. Each of the students (has/ have) answered my question.
16. That you get good marks in the exam (is/are) necessary
17. What he told you (seem/ seems) to be of no importance.
18. Physics (is/ are) my favorite subject.
19. Trousers (is/ are) too long.
20. Wheat (is/ are) used to make flour.

TOEIC SOS 1|Page

 BÀI 8: PASSIVE VOICE (CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG)
• Động từ bị động BE + V3-ED
Hiện tại đơn is/ am/ are + V3-ED

Quá khứ đơn was/ were + V3-ED

Hiện tại tiếp diễn is/ am/ are being + V3-ED

Quá khứ tiếp diễn was/ were being + V3-ED

Hiện tại hoàn thành has/ have been + V3-ED

Quá khứ hoàn thành had been + V3-ED

Can/ could/ will/ have to can/ could / will/ have to BE + V3-ED

Be going to is/ am/ are going to BE + V3-ED

• Quy tắc chuyển câu chủ động sang bị động

Câu chủ động: The cat eats the mouse.
S V O

Câu bị động: The mouse is eaten by the cat.

• MỘT SỐ DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG CẦN CHÚ
ÝTHỂ NHỜ VẢ: have và get

Ex: Tôi nhờ ba của tôi sửa xe đạp của tôi. => ???

Chủ động: S + have + O (người) + Vo

Bị động: S + have + O (vật) + V3/Ved + (by sb)

Chủ động: S + get + O (người) + To Vo

Bị động: S + get + O (vật) + V3/Ved + (by sb)

TOEIC SOS 35| P a g e

Ex1: I have my father fix my bike.
= I have my bike fixed by my father
Ex2: I get her to make some coffee. (Tôi nhờ cô ấy pha ít cà phê.)
= I have some coffee made by her.

BÀI TẬP
I. Phân biệt chủ động/ bị động
1. Mary the scholarship at school.
a. receive
b. receives
c. is received
d. to receive

2. He the fence.
a. is building
b. is being built
c. to build
d. is built

3. His mother him to buy that coat.

a. allowing
b. allowed
c. are allowed
d. being allow

4. Fast food ___________ too much by children.

a. shouldn’t eaten
b. should eat
c. shouldn’t be eaten
d. should be eaten

5. The boat in the ocean in 1900.

a. disappears
b. disappeared
c. is disappeared
d. was disappeared

TOEIC SOS
6. She the message quickly.
a. be responded to
b. is responded to
c. respond to
d. responds to

7. This flower every morning by my father.

a. was watered
b. is watered
c. will be watered
d. waters

8. Someone the room.

a. cleaned
b. are cleaning
c. is cleaned
d. cleaning

9. No one the floor for weeks.

a. cleaned
b. has cleaned
c. have cleaned
d. has been cleaned

10. My brother my bike.

a. being repair
b. repaired
c. is repaired
d. repairing

TOEIC SOS
II. Chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1. The boy broke the window last night.
➔
2. Someone has made a mistake.
➔
3. The teacher is going to tell a story.
➔
4. Mr. Cole sent the project plan 2 days ago.
➔
5. Pamela will drive the bus.
➔
6. The children are playing football.
➔
7. We should clean our teeth twice a day.
➔
8. The manager didn’t phone the assistant this morning.
➔
9. They had to cancel the flight because of the bad weather.
➔
10. She is doing a cake.
➔

TOEIC SOS
 BÀI 9: RELATIVE CLAUSES
(MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ) => Vai trò???

• MĐQH dùng để giải thích rõ hơn cho danh từ đứng trước

nó.Ex: The woman who is wearing a red dress is my girlfriend.

1. ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ

Đại từ quan hệ Cách sử dụng

who • Đứng sau danh từ chỉ người

 Làm chủ ngữ
Ex: I told you about the woman who LIVES next door.

 Làm tân ngữ

Ex: The beautiful woman who WE SAW YESTERDAY is a singer.

whom • Đứng sau danh từ chỉ người

 Làm tân ngữ
Ex: The beautiful woman whom WE SAW YESTERDAY is a singer.

which • Đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật

 Làm chủ ngữ
Ex: The hat which IS red is mine.

 Làm tân ngữ

Ex: This is the book which I LIKE BEST.

Đặc biệt: Có thể bổ nghĩa cho cả mệnh đề phía trc, cách bởi dấu phẩy
“,”
Ex: She has to get up early, which makes her unhappy.

that • Dùng cho cả người và vật

Ex: I told you about the woman who/that lives next door.
Ex: The beautiful woman who/ that we saw yesterday is a singer.
Ex: The beautiful woman whom/ that we saw yesterday is a singer.

Ex: The hat which/ that is red is mine.

Ex: This is the book which/ that I like best.
 “that” có thể THAY THẾ cho cả “who/ whom/ which” trong MĐQH.

• “that” KHÔNG sử dụng sau “dấu phẩy” và “giới từ”

Ex: The man, that/ whom you saw yesterday, is Mr Smith.
Ex: The man to that/ to whom Mary is talking is a doctor.

TOEIC SOS
whose • Chỉ sự sỡ hữu cho cả người và vật
• Theo sau “whose” luôn là 1 danh từ

Ex: The boy whose bike you borrowed yesterday is Louis.

Ex: John found a cat whose leg was broken.

2. TRẠNG TỪ QUAN HỆ

Trạng từ quan hệ Cách sử dụng

when Đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian

= at which (thời gian/ lễ hội) Ex: This is the time WHEN we need to change our
= on which (thứ/ ngày) policies.
= in which (năm/ thánh/ mùa/ buổi) = This is the time AT WHICH we need to change our
policies.

Ex: Monday is the day WHEN we start working.

= Monday is the day ON WHICH we start working.

Ex: I can't forget the year WHEN I started my own

business.
= I can't forget the year IN WHICH I started my own
business.

where Đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn

= at which (nơi chốn) Ex: What is the name of the museum WHERE we visited
= in which (thành phố/ đất nước) last week?
= What is the name of the museum AT WHICH we visited
last week?

Ex: Do you know the country WHERE I was born?

= Do you know the country IN WHICH I was born?

why = for which Trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lý do và đứng sau “the reason”

Ex: I don’t know the reason WHY she didn’t go to the

party yesterday.
= Ex: I don’t know the reason FOR WHICH she didn’t go
to the party yesterday.

* LƯU Ý: Sau when/ where/ why luôn là một mệnh đề

TOEIC SOS
3. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ
• Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ THỂ CHỦ ĐỘNG => VING
Ex1: The man who met yesterday is my manager.

➔ The man meeting yesterday is my manager.

Ex2: The girl who is complaining about the service should meet the manager.

➔ The girl complaining about the service should meet the manager.

• Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ THỂ CHỦ ĐỘNG => V3-VED

Ex1: The book which was written by To Hoai is interesting.

➔ The book written by To Hoai is interesting.

Ex2: We are driving on the road which was built in 1980.

➔ We are driving on the road built in 1980.

• Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ CỦA TÍNH TỪ => ADJ

Ex1: My grandmother, who is sick, never goes out of the house.

➔ My grandmother sick, never goes out of the house.

Ex2: Anyone who is interested in the workshop should contact me.

➔ Anyone interested in the workshop should contact me.

Ex: Mary, who is responsible for designing the packaging, is going to London next week.

➔ Mary, responsible for designing the packaging, is going to Lon Don next week.

TOEIC SOS
BÀI TẬP
I. Điền đại từ quan hệ hoặc trạng từ quan hệ
1. I bought a T- shirt is very nice.
2. She is talking about the author book is one of the best-sellers this year.
3. He bought all the books are needed for the next exam.
4. The children, parents are famous teachers, are taught well.
5. Do you know the boy we met at the party last week?
6. My mother, everyone admires, is a famous teacher.
7. The old building is in front of my house fell down.
8. We need a teacher native language is English.
9. The woman, was sitting in the meeting hall, didn't seem friendly to us at all.
10. The man with I have been working is very friendly.
11. She gives her children everything they want.
12. The place we spent our holiday was really beautiful.
13. What was the name of the girl passport was stolen.
14. The bed __________ I slept in was too soft.
15. Nora is the only person understands me.
16. What was the name of the people car had broken down?
17. Her grandmother, is 70, often takes exercise.
18. My girlfriend loves tokbokki, is Korean food.
19. Mr. Ken, is living next door, is a dentist.
20. The film about they are talking about is fantastic.

II. Rút gọn MĐQH

1. Do you know the woman who is coming towards us?

2. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
3. The children who attend that school receive a good education.
4. The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
5. Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.
6. They live in the house that was built in 1890.
7. The man who is talking to the policeman is my uncle.
8. George is the man who was chosen to represent the company at the convention.
9. The last person who leaves the room must turn off the lights.
10. The first man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable.
11. I was the only one who realized him.
12. Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way.
13. There are six reports which have to be typed today.
14. There must be something that is wrong.
15. Anyone who is ready for this contest should contact the office.

TOEIC SOS
* Dạng câu hay xuất hiện trong đề

1. The woman a hat is my friend.

a. wears
b. wearing
c. to wear
d. wear

2. The man next door to me is a doctor.

a. live
b. lives
c. living
d. lived

3. The book by my brother is interesting.

a. buy
b. being bought
c. buying
d. bought

4. Anyone in this project is required to attend tomorrow’s dmeeting.

a. interested
b. interesting
c. interestingly
d. interest

5. You should bring the items for your trip.

a. necessary
b. necessaries
c. necessitate
d. necessarily

TOEIC SOS
 BÀI 10: GIỚI TỪ
1. AT
➔ Chỉ thời gian: at + giờ/ lễ hội (dịp lễ lớn trong năm)
Ex: at 7 a.m., at 9 o’clock, at noon
Ex: At Christmas

➔ Chỉ nơi chốn: at + địa điểm

Ex: at home, at school, at airport, at restaurant, at station …
➔ Cách cụm từ hay đi cùng “AT”
o at night, at present, at the moment
o at the beginning of …, at the end of …
Ex: You can see vocabulary at the end of this book.
Ex: I would like to meet you at the end of this week.

2. ON
➔ Chỉ thời gian: on + ngày, on + thứ, on + (ngày và tháng)
Ex: on Monday, On Tuesday
Ex: on the 1st, on the 2nd
Ex: on 8 March, on 30 April, on 2 September
➔ Chỉ nơi chốn: ở trên
Ex: The book is on the table

➔ Cách cụm từ hay đi cùng “ON”

on radio, on TV, on the Internet, on the first floor, on foot (đi bộ), on time (đúng
giờ)Ex: I often go to school on foot.
Ex: He never goes to school on time.

3. IN
➔ Chỉ thời gian: in + năm/ tháng/ mùa/ buổi
Ex: in 1990, in October, in the summer, in the morning
➔ Chỉ nơi chốn: in + thành phố lớn/ đất nước
Ex: in HCM city, in Italy, in Viet Nam

TOEIC SOS
➔ in time: kịp lúc
Luckily, I came to the meeting in time.

4. BY
➔ Chỉ thời gian: “trước”
Ex: by 5 p.m., by the end of this week, by Monday, by tomorrow
➔ Trong câu bị động: “bởi”
Ex: The letter is wriiten by Mary.
➔ Chỉ phương tiện: “bằng’
Ex: I go to work by train/ by bus/ by subway.

5. CÁC GIỚI TỪ HAY XUẤT HIỆN TRONG BÀI THI TOEIC

GIỚI TỪ NGHĨA VÍ DỤ

along ➔ dọc theo Ex: My house is located along

the street.
between … and ➔ giữa … và … Ex: The negotiation (cuộc đàm
(giữa 2 người/ 2 vật) phán) between Russia and
Ukraina is going well.

➔ từ … đến … Ex: You can meet me between 8

(thời gian) a.m. and 2 p.m.

among ➔ giữa/ trong số (N >=3) Ex: The money was divided

among 3 people.

among + đại từ phản thân ➔ với nhau Ex: The students are prohibited
(số nhiều) to talk among themselves in the
exam.
from … to … ➔ từ … đến … Ex: You can meet me from 8
a.m. to 2 p.m.

during ➔ trong suốt Ex: During this period, the

(thường đi cùng Internet service will be
cụm danh từ chỉ thời gian) interrupted. (gián đoạn)

TOEIC SOS
throughout + time: xuyên suốt Ex: throughout the year,
throughout September

+ place: trên khắp Ex: throughout the country,

throughout the city

within ➔ trong vòng Ex: The customer can return the

(khoảng cách, phạm vi, items within 30 days.
giới hạn nào đó)
Ex: We will ship the products
within 5 kilometers.

along with ➔ cùng với Ex: Thank you for donating the
computers along with the
printers from your store.

as well as ➔ cũng như là Ex: He's clever as well as kind.

for ➔ cho Ex: Our store will open for a

(1 mục đích nào đó) special event tomorrow.

+ khoảng thời gian: Ex: I have worked for the

(tín hiệu của thì hiện tại company for 5 years.
hoàn thành)

prior to + Ving/ Cụm danh từ: Ex: You should review your plan
“trước” prior to submitting to your
manager.

according to + cụm danh từ Ex: According to a recent report

(nguồn thông tin nào đó): by the Department of Health,
“theo như” most people still do not take
enough exercise.

TOEIC SOS
Bài tập:
I. Điền vào chỗ trống
1. I always do my homework the evening.
2. Columbus discovered America 1492.
3. You can see the star night, if the sky is clear.
4. Tom isn't here the moment.
5. The course begins 7 January and ends 10 March.
6. The price of electricity is going up October.
7. I can't be at home the morning. Can you phone me the afternoon instead?
8. Tom doesn't see his parents very often these days- usually only
Christmasand sometimes the summer for a few days.
9. I usually get up seven o’clock.
10. My friend’s birthday is June.

II. Chọn đáp án đúng

1. the storm, it seems quiet.
a. At
b. On
c. Prior to
d. For

2. the report, the accounting department has not received any tax document.
a. During
b. According to
c. For
d. To

3. You will receive an e-mail ______________ 24 hours.

a. at
b. within
c. on
d. along with

4. This product is sold the year.

a. at
b. according to
c. throughout
d. on

5. The tourists praise (khen) the city’s beaches the famous destinations.
a. as well as
b. during
c. at
d. within

TOEIC SOS
 BÀI 11: LIÊN TỪ
GIỚI TỪ LIÊN TỪ NGHĨA

because of = because = since BỞI VÌ (chỉ lý do)

owing to = Ving/ = as = now that + MĐ
due to = Cụm dt

despite = in spite of although = even though MẶC DÙ (chỉ sự nhượng bộ)

+ Ving/ Cụm danh từ = though + MĐ

In addition to In addition, MĐ NGOÀI RA, THÊM VÀO ĐÓ

+ Ving/ cụm danh từ (bổ trợ thông tin)

so as to = in order to + VO so that = in order that + MĐ ĐỂ MÀ (chỉ mục đích)

in case of =in event of in case + MĐ

+ Ving/ Cụm danh từ ➔ Phòng khi
➔ trong trường hợp

instead of Instead, MĐ
+ Ving/ Cụm danh từ ➔ Thay vào đó
➔ thay vì
rather than Ex: In winter, I want to eat PHO
➔ hơn là rather than BANH MI.
“Rather than” có nghĩa là
thích cái gì hơn cái gì, tức là
nếu phải chọn lựa giữa hai
thứ thì bạn sẽ chọn thứ bạn
thích hơn. Nhưng nếu trong
trường hợp bạn không có
được thứ bạn thích hơn thì
cũng không sao.

TOEIC SOS
EX:
1. We were late the heavy traffic congestion.
a. although
b. for
c. because
d. because of

2. her job is very hard, her salary is low.

a. In spite of
b. Although
c. Since
d. Because

3. deleting all data, you should back up them.

a. Instead
b. Instead of
c. In addition
d. Despite

4. You should bring the umbrella it rains.

a. in case
b. in case of
c. instead of
d. owing to

5. I study hard pass the exam.

a. so
b. so that
c. so as to
d. because

6. emergency, you should call 115.

a. Due to
b. In addition
c. In case of
d. In case

7. My house is located ____________ the lake.

a. along
b. in
c. on
d. at
TOEIC SOS
• MỘT SỐ LIÊN TỪ HAY XUẤT HIỆN TRONG BÀI THI TOEIC

LIÊN TỪ + MỆNH ĐỀ NGHĨA VÍ DỤ

Before Trước khi Ex: Before you visit my store, call me.

After Sau khi Ex: After the train left, we went home.

Until Cho đến khi I will wait until I hear from you.

Since Bởi vì Ex: Since the weather was bad, the

flight was canceled.

Kể từ khi Ex: I have studied English since I was a

child.

Unless Nếu … không Ex: Unless you help me, I can’t do it.
(trừ phi)
Provided = provided that = Miễn là Provided you keep silent, I will pay
providing that = as long as this for you.
= so long as
Whereas Trong khi đó Ex: I am short whereas my sister is
(ngược lại) tall.

While Trong khi I will cover Mary’ work while she is on

vacation.

Moreover = Furthermore Hơn nữa Ex: The product is cheap.

Furthermore, it is also useful.
However = nevertheless = Tuy nhiên He loves her. However, she doesn’t
nonetheless love him.

But = yet Nhưng I took a book with me on my

holiday, yet I didn’t read a single page.

So = therefore = thus Do đó, vì vậy I studied hard so I passed the test.

Otherwise = or = or else Nếu không thì Please be careful, otherwise you may
have an accident.
As soon as Ngay khi Call me as soon as you can.

Once Một khi Once you finish the plan, submit it to

me.

TOEIC SOS
As if = As though Như thể là She talks as if she knew everything.

Even if Thậm chí nếu/ kể We are going to the beach even if it is

cả raining.

Not only … but also Không những … mà

còn

Both … and … Cả … và …

Neither … nor Không … không

Either … or Hoặc … hoặc

TOEIC SOS
BÀI TẬP
1. Don’t go out you’ve finished your work.
a. until
b. as
c. because

2. The weather was bad, they still went for the trip.
a. yet
b. and
c. but also

3. He is good at not only Chemistry Physics.

a. yet
b. and
c. but

4. The food was not very good, I was very hungry so I ate it up.
a. while
b. however
c. as well as

5. She is an excellent student, she often get good marks in the exams.
a. but
b. however
c. thus

6. I hate apples my mother likes them.

a. or
b. whereas
c. so

7. Be quick, you may miss the first part of the film.

a. otherwise
b. so
c. but

8. The flight was canceled _________________ the bad weather.

a. because
b. owing to
c. but also

TOEIC SOS
9. I love French, he loves English.
a. but also
b. whereas
c. or

10. Many people have neither money jobs to earn their living.
a. nor
b. and
c. or

11. He ate a lot of cakes, he had a stomachache

a. so that
b. consequently
c. however

12. Nam gets a lot of good marks, he is considered one of the top students in class.
a. whereas
b. however
c. therefore

13. he you must go to meet the teacher.

a. either/ or
b. both/ so
c. neither/ nor

14. You should give up smoking, you will catch lung cancer.
a. so that
b. or else
c. however

15. I was nervous; , I could not do my best.

a. Therefore
b. Instead
c. despite

TOEIC SOS
 BÀI 12: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
I. Các dạng câu điều kiện
▪ Loại 1: Mô tả một điều có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

If + S + V (HTĐ), S + will/ can …

, please Vo …
, Vo …
Ex1: If I have time, I will watch a movie.
Ex2: If you have any problem, please call me.

▪ Loại 2: Mô tả một điều trái với sự thật ở hiện tại

If + S + V2-ed (were), S + would/ could …

Ex1: If I had a lot of money, I would travel anywhere I want now.

Ex2: If I were you, I wouldn't do that.

▪ Loại 3: Mô tả một điều trái với sự thật ở quá khứ

If + S + had V3-ed, S + would/ could/ should have V3-ed …

Ex1: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam last week.
Ex2: If I had saved enough money, I would have bought a new car last year.

* LƯU Ý: UNLESS = IF … NOT

Ex: Unless you study hard, you will fail the test.
= If you don’t study hard, you will fail the test.

TOEIC SOS
II. Dạng đảo ngữ

Loại 1: Ví dụ
If + S + V (HTĐ), S + will/ can + Vo Ex: If Mary studies hard, she will pass the
➔ Should + S + Vo, S + wil/ can + Vo exam.
➔ Should Mary study hard, she
will pass the exam.

Loại 2: Ví dụ
If + S + v2-ed (were), S + would/ could … Ex: If I were you, I would apply for that
➔ Were + S +…, S + would/ could … company.
➔ Were I you, I would apply for
that company.

Ex: If my sister stayed at home, she could

help me.
➔ Were my sister TO STAY at
home, she could help me.

Loại 3: Ví dụ:
If + S + had V3-ed, S + would/ could/ should Ex: If I had studied harder, I wouldn’t have
have V3-ed failed the exam.
➔ Had + S + V3-ed, S + would/ could/ ➔ Had I studied harder, I
should have V3-ed wouldn’t have failed the exam.

BÀI TẬP
I. Điền vào chỗ trống
1. If we meet at 9:30, we (have) plenty of time.

2. If I (be) ________ you, I won’t do that.

3. Dan (arrive) safe if he drove slowly.

4. You (have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.

5. The door will unlock if you (press) the green button.

6. If Mel (ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.

7. If it (be) warmer, we (go) _ swimming now.

8. She (be) _________ there on time if her car (broken)________________ yesterday.

TOEIC SOS
9. If my uncle (tell) me the way to his office last night, I (not/ arrive) so late.

10. She (be) at the airport if she (read) the message carefully now.

II. Đảo ngữ

1. If I were you, I would lend him some money that day.

➔
2. If my younger sister hadn’t gone to bed too late, she would have felt better now.
➔
3. If that student had reviewed the lesson carefully yesterday, he could have done the
exam confidently.
➔
4. If I were David, I would talk to her like that this morning.
➔
5. If she liked dogs, she would take that puppy home.
➔
6. If it is beautiful, we will go picnic.
➔
7. If my grandmother does exercise every morning, she will feel better.
➔
8. If it were nice, we could go for a walk.
➔
9. If he had known your telephone number, he would have called you.
➔
10. If he comes to class on time, the teacher will not be angry.
➔

TOEIC SOS
 BÀI 13: TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG
Danh từ số ít: a book, an apple

DANH TỪ ĐẾM ĐƯỢC

Danh từ số nhiều: books/ apples

DANH TỪ:

DANH TỪ KHÔNG ĐẾM ĐƯỢC: water/ traffic/ information …

many/ few/ a few/ a number of/ the number of/ several/ + DANH TỪ SỐ NHIỀU
both/ two/ these/ those

much/ little/ a little/ an amount of + DANH TỪ KHÔNG ĐẾM ĐƯỢC

a/ an/ one/ another/ this/ that/ each/ every/ either/ + DANH TỪ SỐ ÍT

neither

all/ some/ most/ a lot of/ lots of/ plenty of + DANH TỪ SỐ NHIỀU

+ DANH TỪ KHÔNG ĐẾM ĐƯỢC

the + DANH TỪ

any + DANH TỪ

other + DANH TỪ

TOEIC SOS
TOEIC SOS