COURSEWORK 1 -

PROPOSED
SUSTAINABLE,
GREEN BUILDING
BY GROUP 5 :
1. AMIRAH NAJWA BINTI MOHAMAD ROZELI (2020859176)
2. NUR ALYA IRDINA BT ASMI (2020452954)
3. FATANIAH BINTI MOHD SALLEH (2020847188)
4. AQILAH BINTI MOHD ASKOLLANI ( 2020845194 )
5. NURUL HASIFA BINTI ALIAS (2020462272)
 GREEN RATING
OUTLINE- GREEN
BUILDING INDEX
 A. PROJECT
CONCEPT
PROJEK TAMBAHAN BANGUNAN & AKSESORI PEJABAT
BARU MAJLIS DAERAH PENGKALAN HULU, PERAK
DARUL RIDZUAN.
 LOCATION
PENGKALAN HULU
POSKOD 33100
DAERAH HULU PERAK,
PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN
PARTIES INVOLVED

CLIENT: MAJLIS DAERAH PENGKALAN

HULU

CONTRACTOR: PANCAR SEPADAN SDN.

BHD

PROJECT MANAGER:
DZULFIDA BIN A RAZAK

CONSULTANT: PACE STRUCTURES CIVIL &

STRUCTURAL CONSULTING ENGINEERS
 PURPOSES
To Develop Pengkalan Hulu City As A Sustainable
And Viable Border Tourism City

★ Plan and control development in

accordance with the provisions of the law.
★ To plan and promote urban development in
business activities
★ Improving the quality of basic facilities to
the community.
★ Provide a wide range of viable tourism
product facilities. COMPONENTS
★ Ensure cleanliness and city services to the ● Foundation
maximum level ● Door & Window
● Floor and Ceiling Finishes
● Roof
● Plumbing
 COMPONENTS (CONT’D)
BIL ELEMENT COMPONENT BIL ELEMENT COMPONENT

1 ROOF Ceramic roof tiles 1 Plumber Fibreglass water tank

Polycarbonate roofing sheet HDPE Water tank
Roof trusses Galvanised mild steel tubing and cistem
Rafters UPVC pipe Class E, D include fittings
ABS pipe Class D, E and fittings
HDPE pipe fittings
2 Door Skeleton and Timber Frame
Flush Door
Louvres Door
Panelled door 4 Floor Semi-glazed mosaic tile flooring (Random and
Single Leaf and Double Leaf Fire Door Finishes Square Pattern) and skirting
Precast Terazzo tile and skirting
Teak parquet
3 Window Casement Window Kempas parquet
Louvres Window Timber skirting
Granolithic floor and skirting
Vinyl tile and skirting
4 Ironmongery Floor spring Aluminium dividing strip
Rubber door stop
Light duty Door Closer
Door Selector
Cupboard Lock
Cylinder sliding cupboard-lock
Bolt
Mortice Lockset
Rebated Mortice Lockset
Thumb turn cylinder and double cylinder
deadlock
Ball catch
Cylindrical mortice door lock and with rebated
DESIGN CONCEPT
● Public building
● Material used for internal and external wall-common brick
115mm
● Multiple of dividing room
● Quiet spaces between room
● Light colour of paint for internal wall
● Consist of fire fighting services in the building such hose
reel, dry powder fire extinguisher, portable CO2 fire
extinguisher
● Located at nearest building such masjid, balai bomba,
residential, etc.
● Located at town area
● Consist of parking lot and security guard
● Use special pattern of homogenous tiles just in star shape.
BUILDING SIZE
58278 mm x 32356 mm x 4267 mm High
 END USERS
OCCUPANTS-OFFICE WORKERS
1. Yang Dipertua M54-1 Person
2. Secretary- 1 Person
3. Councilors- 24 people
4. Unit Pusat Setempat (OSC)-3 people
5. Unit Undang-Undang & Integriti-1 person
6. Penguatkuasaan & Keselamatan-3 people
7. Jabatan Perbendaharaan-1 Person (Head)
● Bahagian Aset-1 Person
● Bahagian Akaun dan Kewangan- 3 People
● Bahagian Hasil-1 Person
8. Jabatan Kejuruteraan-1 Person (Head)
● Unit Marris & Penyenggaraan-3 People
● Unit Bangunan & Pengurusan-3 People
9. Jabatan Khidmat Pengurusan-1 Person (Head)
● Unit Teknologi Maklumat-1 Person
● Unit Perkhidmatan & Sumber Manusia-1 Person
● Unit Pentadbiran Am-8 People
 END USERS
1. Jabatan Perancang Bandar & Landskap-1 Person (Head)
● Unit Perancangan- 2 People
● Unit Rancangan & Pemajuan GIS- 1 Person
● Unit Landskap- 9 People
2. Jabatan Penilaian & Pengurusan Harta- 1 People (Head)
● Bahagian Penilaian- 1 Person
● Bahagian Pengurusan Harta- 2 People
3. Jabatan Kesihatan Awam-1 People (Head)
● Bahagian Pelesenan-1 Person
● Bahagian Kesihatan & Perkhidmatan Bandar- 2 People
● Unit Penyelenggaraan Padang- 1 Person
● Unit Perkhidmatan Sisa Pepejal & Pembersihan-10 People
● Unit Potong Rumput- 6 People TOTAL= ABOUT
● Unit Dewan- 2 People 98 USERS
● Unit Setor- 1 Person
B. DESIGN AND
PLANNING
INNOVATION
1.0 CONDENSATE WATER RECOVERY

● Process of reusing the water and sensory

heat
● Savings in terms of energy and water
resources

2.0 HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

● Located in the plant room of the building

● Connected to the room air valve through a
network of ducts throughout the building
● Reduce amount of heat lost to the environment
on a daily basis
SUSTAINABLE SITE PLANNING
2.0 GROWING PLANT IN OPEN SPACES / GREENSPACE
& MANAGEMENT
● To increase the aesthetical value of the
building while also minimizing the impacts of
1.0 PROMOTES ZERO LITTER CAMPAIGN pollution and reducing the urban heat island
effect. Eg; outside of the building.
● To prevent sedimentation that can
cause clogged drains in order to
improve stormwater management
● Put garbage bins and paste the
campaign poster everywhere

Location of greenspace
around the building
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1.0 USED RENEWABLE ENERGY
SYSTEM
● Used of photovoltaic system
which is an active solar power
system
● It can absorb radiation of sun for
heating and electricity provision.
● In this construction, PV panels
are mounted on roofs of the
building. It can absorb radiation
of sun for heating and electricity
provision.
3.0 PHOTO AND MOTION SENSOR
● Used PIR motion sensor which is
passive infrared sensor in each room.
● It will automatically turning off lights
or fan when no people are detected in
the target space.
● This will help in decrease of electricity.
● Occupancy sensor is installed in area
2.0 UTILIZATION OF LED LIGHTING that are rarely used for long time like
● Used of LED lighting in each room toilet, corridor meeting room and etc.
in the office.
● Compared to incandescent light
bulbs, LED lighting products are up
to 90% more efficient at producing
light.
● LED light uses far less energy to
produce the same light output.
● To prevent performance issues, the
heat LEDs produce is absorbed into
a heat sink.
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY (CONT’D)
4.0 GREEN TECHNOLOGY APPLIANCES
● Used of sustainable technology product like HVAC
(Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning).
● HVAC refers to all the different systems, machines, and
technologies used to regulate indoor temperature and
air quality. It has filter and recirculate air to eliminate
odours, dust, and other pollutants to improve air
quality. 5.0 HARVEST NATURAL LIGHT
● Efficient HVAC systems can provide comfort, lower ● When accessible, daylight harvesting is a method of
collecting and utilising natural sunshine in the interior
operating costs, enhance workplace safety and
of buildings to decrease the need for energy-intensive
productivity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. artificial lighting.
● HVAC system can help in cutting energy consumption, ● Used glass wall for separate the office room and used
generate financial savings, and lower organisation's curtain wall for external wall to allow the natural light
environmental footprint. penetrate even into the interior room area.
● However, this method may cause increase in sun’s
heat energy that warm the building. This can be avoid
by using operable window/walls shade or panel blind.
Other alternative is by installing black UV block heat
insulation directly at wall/ window glasses.
MATERIAL & RESOURCES
1.0 Structural Insulation panel
Structural insulated
panels (SIPs) consist of
two sheets of oriented
strand boards or flake
board with a foam layer
between them.
They are generally
available in larger sizes
and are used as walls for
the structure plus they
also provide good
insulation.
2.0 Natural Fiber 3.0 Cork
Natural fibers like
cotton, wool can also
be used as insulation
materials.
Recycled cotton fibers
or wool fibers are
converted into a batt
and installed in
preformed wooden
frame sections.
Cork is also a good
insulator. A great
amount of electrical
energy can be saved by
corkboard insulation in
winter.
These cork boards are
also good for sound
insulation.
MATERIAL & RESOURCES
4.0 Glass 5.0 Rammed Earth
Waste glass can be used
instead of sand when
making polymer concrete,
resulting in a stronger,
cheaper product. The
type of glass used is
unsuitable to be recycled
back into glass. This also
can overcome the
shortages in natural
sands.
It is a solution to
creating steadfast
foundations, floors and
walls, through natural
materials such as chalk,
earth, gravel or lime,
and then compacting
them. Buildings made
from rammed earth
are made safer or
fortified by the use of
rebar or bamboo.
WATER EFFICIENCY

1.0 GREYWATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

● Recycles wastewater from domestic

appliances such as washing machines,
baths, showers and sinks, but not
usually the kitchen sink and toilet.

2.0 WATER SAVING FITTINGS

● Using infrared sensor
faucet to reduce waste of
water
● Using low-flow shower
head to reduce water
heating cost
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Value Aesthetic Concerns
Provide windows in all
Distribution space design
occupied spaces for views
with natural light and
and for natural ventilation.
views that encourages
In addition, the windows
interaction between
should have proper solar
building occupants. Use
glare control as occupants
open stairs located in
can adapt to the conditions
convenient locations to
of the outdoor
encourage people to use
environment.
them instead of elevators
for health and energy
Provide Ventilation and Maintain Acceptable Indoor Air Quality saving.

● Use natural ventilation components and ensure that fresh air

inlets are located away from loading areas, exhaust fans,
other contaminants and preferably on the roof.
● Provides an Energy Recovery Ventilation system for the
required ventilation air as a standard feature in construction
that is typically highly insulated and highly airtight.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Safer Materials That Have Less Hazardous
Materials and Low Emissions

Ensure office equipment emits

minimal odours or contaminants
and is contained in an unoccupied
enclosed space.

Avoid products that contain

formaldehyde such as carpets,
wall panels or prefabricated
Acoustic Privacy and Comfort cabinets.

Using sound-absorbing materials,

high noise transmission loss walls,
floors and ceilings, and sound
isolation equipment to reduce
noise.
 C. GREEN
CONSTRUCTION
 PREFABRICATED/INDUSTRIALISED BUILDING SYSTEM (IBS)
Industrialised building system is the most effective ways in construction which the element are
produce by manufacturer either on site or off site and ready to erected on the site rather than
traditional construction ways. IBS giving a lot of benefits in term of cost efficiency, low
maintenance, lower construction period time, highest durability rather than traditional
construction method.

The most suitable IBS element that can be used for this building is precast concrete. Precast
concrete are the element that construct off site manufactures. Thus, the cost may be highest
during the transportation of the precast element to the site. But truly, precast concrete is very
saving the cost after the construction due to requirements of lower maintenance, durability and
etc. Example of precast element can be used for this building is precast block, precast staircases
and precast column.
 PRECAST CONCRETE STAIRCASES
Precast concrete staircases is more durable
and consistent in their appearance due to the
concrete to produce precast staircases
already cast and cured under controlled indoor
conditions. Hence, this element use less
material overall and combine the recycle
material such slag, cement and fly ash.
Precast concrete staircase should be installed
from level 1 to level 2 of this building
PRECAST CONCRETE COLUMN
Precast concrete column are produced after
installation of reinforcement where the
concrete are cast and cured off site and
transported to the site to being erected.
Precast concrete column should be
installed and used for the whole
construction of tambahan bangunan &
aksesori pejabat baru majlis daerah
pengkalan hulu in perak
 PRECAST CONCRETE BLOCK

Precast concrete block are produced off site in factory where the cement of concrete
blocks are formed under and hardened under controlled condition to produce high-quality
of concrete block before transported to the site to being used. Precast concrete block are
durable and high resistance to the fire, rain and any climate changes of environment.

During the construction of tambahan bangunan & aksesori pejabat baru majlis daerah
pengkalan hulu in perak, the precast concrete block can be used for the entire
construction of external wall of building. So that, the building become green due to high
protective from the blocks to the risk from environment.
Completion On Time - Selection of contractor
1 2
Plan schedule management Define activities

4 3
Estimate activity resources Sequence activities

5 6
Estimate activity duration Develop Scedule

7
Control Schedule
 HEATING, VENTILATION AND
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL (NOISE AIR CONDITIONING

CONTROL)- AFTER CONSTRUCTION

Installation of HVAC into the building prevent the unwanted noise

and vibration that makes uncomfortable and less productive the the
workplaces or certain area. The main reasons why HVAC is
effectiveness to the sound reduction in a building as we can observe
that occupants may need some air via opening of windows. But,
when the windows is open some noise from outside will go inside.
Thus, HVAC assist to giving occupants some cool air , so that they
will not open the window to get some air.

LOCATION OF HVAC IN THE

BUIDLING
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL (NOISE
CONTROL)-DURING CONSTRUCTION

Additional of distance between one part premises to another part

premises to prevent the disturbing nearest noises. If the distance are
reduced, the noise from transportation, everyday life and neighbours
activities include the noise from inside such roof fans, air inlets and
outlets, coolers, air-condition device, ventilating units and more will go
outside easily. On the other hand, the premises should be located on the
quiet road surface such only a least number of vehicles moving on that
road. Hence, the disturbance from surrounding noise may be reduce
from the movement of less vehicles. Make sure the building of pejabat
pengkalan hulu are construct far from another building either at left,
right front or rear the thuilding of pejabat MDPH.
 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL (DUST
CONTROL)- DURING CONSTRUCTION
The uses wind fence, board fence, sediment fence and others
similar barrier at the site is effective ways to remove dust on
the site by controlling the air current and blow soil. The
barriers should be intervals of 15 times of the barrier height
used by preventing erosion through obstructing the wind near
the ground and prevent the soil from blowing to the outside of
WIND FENCE
site or off-site.

Water tanker is the most alternative ways to remove dust on the

site by driven-on site by spraying the water over the affected areas
to reduce the dust from airborne. Water tanker requires low cost
through the implementation and excellent result. But, some
precautions should be taken seriously when applied water tanker
on the site. Make sure the amount of water sprayed by the water
WATER TANKER tanker is not excessive to prevent erosion occurs on the site.
However, water should be applied at least 3 times a day on the site.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT & TEAMWORK

● In order to construct green building, we need to includes setting and managing client expectations,
developing detailed project plans, defining project scope and assigning team members to specific
tasks.
 GREEN CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Feasibility Phase
● Market and environmental needs.
● Early selection of a LEED project manager.
● The budget analysis of environmental
benefits.
● Charette with all important parties.
● Community input on potential sites.
Implementation Phase
● Contract management and integrated
development.
● Building with a focus on sustainable
education.
● Collaborate with governmental inspectors
and regulators.
● Simple route to LEED accreditation.
Design Phase
● Construction estimates derived from a variety of
inputs.
● Early zoning approval as a result of the charette
● Early selection of the design team.
● A complete and effective construction design.
● Easy assessment and approval of the permit.
● The use of soft bids.
Closeout Phase
● The commissioning authority's early involvement
and participation.
● The owner's investments and aims being clearly
understood.
Important roles of Project Manager
● The success of a project is significantly influenced by the competence of the project manager. When compared to
conventional structures, green buildings have more difficult construction issues, and project managers must
contend with more difficulties.
● Project managers must focus more on their organisational and leadership skills in order to accomplish the goal of
ensuring that all types of personnel can operate effectively together. This can help to achieve the goal that all
kinds of employees can together efficient work.
● All parties who rely on the project manager's leadership and organisation must develop a solid communication
channel with the supplier and supervisor.
● To prevent the emergence of a capital chain fracture, which could result in a project shutdown, the project
manager should develop an ideal plan for Sustainability finances.
● The project manager should create a perfect plan for Sustainability funds in order to avoid the occurrence of
fracture of the capital chain, leading to a project shutdown.
● The project manager should also establish rigid guidelines for the usage and storage of supplies and equipment.
Quality Management System to ensure the green building construction

A project quality plan is a written plan that details how to manage

quality on a specific construction project.

Establish Project Conduct Project Control Project

Quality Policy Quality Risk Progress
Assessment

> Quality Risk Assessment > Specifications &

> Quality Policy Statement > Identify project drawings
> Roles of Project quality risks > Contractor appointment
Stakeholders > Project quality risk > Supplier selection
> Quality Supervision & analysis > Quality Checklists
Monitoring Process (Materials, Workmanship,
> Quality Audits Testing, Commissioning)
Project Monitoring and Control to ensure the green building construction

Project monitoring involves collecting the actual‐progress data, and comparing them against the
relevant planned‐progress data to evaluate the overall project progress at specified cut‐off dates.

Report Project Analyse Project Control Project

Progress Progress Progress

> Mobilisation
> Re-Planning
> Progress records
> Progress Reports > Change Orders
> Change Orders
> Progress Meetings > Implications to
> Verification that the
> Operational Audits Payments and
work was performed
> As-built Claims
> Delays
Information > Extension of Time
> Variations
> Lessons Learnt
USE OF ECO LABELLED PRODUCT
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY & HEALTH-DURING CONSTRUCTION

Fire extinguished Provide fencing,

should be properly look-out men or
maintained and barriers to prevent
inspected any injured for any
gradually while the person from fall of
accession to must material,
keep clear at all equipment or
time. tools.

Flammable solids,
liquids or gases should
be stored at sufficient
and suitable secure
storage such liquefied
petroleum gas cylinder,
paints and others as
detecting trespassers.
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY & HEALTH-DURING CONSTRUCTION
Keep the site tidy such
any oil, ice, snow or
other which makes
some area slippery
need to be properly
cleaned up such
remove them or just
strewn with sawdust,
sand or ash.

Keep the site safely without

All supervisors or
any unauthorized persons
entry to the site unless labors personnel
accompanied by competent need to be
person and provided with trained to get
the appropriate protective ready to use all
to enter to the site such fire extinguishing
hard helmet, nose mask, equipment.
hand glove, safety googles
and etc.
D. OPERATION &
MAINTENANCE
GREEN PROCUREMENT PROCESS

➔ To meet the needs of materials, goods,

utilities and services
➔ Purchase of goods and services that cause
minimal adverse environmental impacts
➔ More concerned with the environmental
impact of its purchasing decisions than the
cost of goods and services
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
● Provide recycle bin at each floor and outside of the building to
prevent pollution and help in conserving natural resources

Recycle bins outside of

the building Recycle bins at each Red square : location of
floor level recycle bins in the building
LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT
● A good landscape design provides shading for the outdoors which is
one way of modifying microclimate. It helps to modulate the air flows
within the building.
● The landscaping and hardscape is designed with more than 10% green
area contribution in the site.

The landscape is placed to Landscape is placed and Maximize rainwater

directly receive the runoff
and captured water.
Drought-resistant plants are
chosen to reduce water
consumption as it can still
growing even extreme
drought conditions.
design such that it filters collection from roof top to
and clean stormwater. runoff for irrigation and
provide site rain gardens in
parking areas.
Natural and lighter colours
are achieved using
concrete.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
1.0 ENERGY MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE

● Provide utility bill tracking, building HVAC and

lighting control systems
● Provides tools for reducing energy costs and
consumption

2.0 SMART METER

● Records information such as electricity, water

and area heating consumption
● Records energy near real time and reports
regularly short intervals throughout the day
E. TECHNICAL
IMPLICATION
TECHNICAL IMPLICATIONS

1.0 PLANT 2.0 LABOUR 3.0 MATERIALS

Increase usage of plants Greater number of Maximize using of eco

and equipments that
lessen environmental
impacts such as noise
and air pollution.
*Types of plants and
equipments as per stated
in environmental control
labour is required
especially skilled labours
as most of proposed
elements requires skills
to build and install
labelled product certified
under SIRIM
Eco-labelling scheme

● Each of these obviously give a lot of impacts in terms of financial but promising a
better impact to the environment if taken into account in terms of life cycle cost
F. CONCLUSION
AND
REFERENCES
 CONCLUSION
The project we choose is office building that is located in Pengkalan Hulu, Perak. In order to improve the
construction by converting the building become green building, we have emphasized several aspects :
● Design & Planning
● Green Construction
● Operation & Maintenance
● Technical Implications
We also design and used sustainable material like eco-label materials, used smart appliances
technology,recycle materia, installation of renewable energy and etc to achieve green building index. The
construction, maintenance and operation also based on green building requirement.
By using all these requirement, the objectives to construction a green office building will be achieved. Even
though construction cost to build the building is high, however we all agree that life cycle cost after the
construction finish successfully is cheaper as the office building have lower energy efficiency that reduce the
used of water and electricity.
 REFERENCES
Bhatia, A. (n.d.). HVAC Systems Noise Control. CED Engineering.com:
https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/HVAC%20Systems%20Noise%20Control.pdf

Learn About LED Lighting. (n.d). ENERGY STAR.

https://www.energystar.gov/products/lighting_fans/light_bulbs/learn_about_led_bulbs

Mishra, G. (2021, June 2). Site and Landscape Planning for Green Building Construction. The Constructor.
https://theconstructor.org/building/buildings/green-building-site-landscape-planning/7007/?amp=1

Nurzynski, J. (n.d.). SUSTAINABILITY AND PROTECTION AGAINST NOISE IN A BUILDING AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. PhD CEng
Building Research Institute: https://www.irbnet.de/daten/iconda/CIB2837.pdf

Rodriguez, J. (2019). How to Control Dust at a Construction Site. The Balance Small Business:
https://www.thebalancesmb.com/control-dust-at-construction-site-844446

Safety and health in construction. (1992). International Labour Office Geneva:

https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---safework/documents/normativeinstrum
ent/wcms_107826.pdf
 REFERENCES

Sang, P., Liu, J., Zhang, L., Zheng, L., Yao, H., & Wang, Y. (2018). Effects of Project Manager Competency on Green
Construction Performance: The Chinese Context. Sustainability, 10(10), 3406.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103406

The Concept of Water Efficiency in Green Buildings. (n.d.). Go Smart Bricks:

https://gosmartbricks.com/water-efficiency-green-buildings/