DESIGN and

OPTIMIZATION OF
PIPELINE OPERATIONS
BOUKI-MATONDO Eudes Junior
Student ID: s 301429
 Agenda

Energy Loss, System

Pipeline design
Reynolds number Pumping station Characteristic
(water & oil)
and friction factor Curves

Sizing a gas/liquid
Comparison of 14
Results and separator (analysis
and 18 inch pipe
discussion of the sizing
(oil)
procedure)
Elevation

800
698
700
600
481

ELEVATION(M)
500
400 355 364
326 319 294
300 265
233 212
200 131 140
100
4 16 15
0
0 16 32 48 64 80 97 113 129 145 161 177 193 209 225
DISTANCE(KM)
 Capacity of GTL

Daily Capacity Flow Rate

bbl/d m3/d m3/h m3/min m3/s

75*103 12*103 500 8.33 0.14

68*103 11*103 450 7.5 0.125

From the API standards:

Nominal Size (in) 14 18

Thickness (in) 0.438 0.38

Inner Diameter (in) 13.124 17.24

Max Allowable P (bar) 77.2 58

Max Operating P (bar) 69.6 55

Reynolds number:

Pressure drop per unit length:

 Comparison
of Water and
Oil behavior
in 18 inch
pipe
Oil Water

Flow Data in 18-inch Pipe Flow Data in 18-inch Pipe

Qmax Qmin Qmax Qmin

Internal Diameter (in) 17.24 17.24 Internal Diameter (in) 17.24 17.24

Velocity (m/s) 0.85 0.72 Velocity (m/s) 0.85 0.72

Reynolds 25*103 21*103 Reynolds 451*103 334*103

Friction Factor 0.03 0.03 Friction Factor 0.02 0.02

Pressure Drop (MJ/m3) 6.4 5.4 Pressure Drop (MJ/m3) 7.9 6.4

µₒ (cP) 15 13 µₒ (cP) 1.1 0.9

Density (kg/m3 ) 850 800 Density (kg/m3 ) 1050 950

 Pressure drop: Oil and water in 18-inch pipe

0
0 32 64 80 97 113 161 193 209 225
-1
Energy per unit volume (Mj/m3 )

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6

-7

-8

-9
Length (KM)

Water max water min Oil max Oil min

Pumping station: Water in 18-inch pipe

60
Pumping
station Pumping
50
station
40
Pressure (Bar)

30

20

10

0
0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196 203 210 217 224
Length (KM)

18 inch max 18 inch min max operating min allowable

Pumping station: Oil in 18-inch pipe

60
Pumping
50
station
Pumping
station
40
Pressure (Bar)

30

20

10

0
0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196 203 210 217 224
Length (KM)

18 inch max 18 inch min max operating min allowable

Comparison
Oil Water

18-inch pipe 18-inch pipe

Pumping stations Distance (km) Number of pump Pumping satations Distance (km) Number of pump

1 0 4x2 1 0 4x2

2 84 4x3 2 84 4x3

Total 225 20 Total 225 20

 Behavior of
oil in 18 inch
and 14 inch
pipes
 Flow Data 14-inch Pipe Flow Data 18-inch Pipe

Qmax Qmin Qmax Qmin

Internal Diameter (in) 13.124 13.124 Internal Diameter (in) 17.24 17.24

Velocity (m/s) 1.4 1.19 Velocity (m/s) 0.85 0.72

Reynolds 32*103 26*103 Reynolds 25*103 21*103

Friction Factor 0.03 0.03 Friction Factor 0.03 0.03

Pressure Drop (MJ/m3) 12.2 9.4 Pressure Drop (MJ/m3) 6.4 5.4

µₒ (cP) 15 13 µₒ (cP) 15 13

Density (kg/m3 ) 850 800 Density (kg/m3 ) 850 800

Comparison
 Energy Loss per unit volume Profile without pumps
2.0

0.0
0 32 64 80 97 113 161 193 209 225
Energy per unit volume (Mj/m3 )

-2.0

-4.0

-6.0

-8.0

-10.0

-12.0

-14.0
Length (KM)

18 inch max 18 inch min 14 inch max 14 inch min

14 inch pipe pumping stations

60
Pumping Pumping Pumping
50
station station station

40
Pressure (Bar)

30

20

10

0
0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196 203 210 217 224
Length (KM)
18 inch pipe pumping stations

60
Pumping
station
50
Pumping
station
40
Pressure (Bar)

30

20

10

0
0 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 112 119 126 133 140 147 154 161 168 175 182 189 196 203 210 217 224

18 inch max 18Length

inch min(KM) max operating min allowable
 Series lay out

Pump 1 Pump 2 Pump 3 Pump n

Parallel lay out

Pump
connections
Pump 1

Pump 2

Pump 3

Pump n
 System Characteristics Curve

3500

3000

2500
Head loss (m)

2000

1500

1000

500

0
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
Flow rate m3/s
 14-inch pipe
Pumping stations Distance (km) Number of pump
1 0 4x2
2 67 5x3
3 197 4x2

Conclusion & Total 225 31

Comparison 18-inch pipe

Pumping stations Distance (km) Number of pump
1 0 4x2
2 84 4x3
Total 225 20
 Sizing a gas/liquid
separator
INPUT PARAMETERS
Qg 8 mmscfd Gas rate
Qo 68000 bbl/d Oil rate
Qw 3000 bbl/d Water rate

D (in) 90.0

L (ft) 26.5
Thank you