Activity No.

4: Boiler Operation
I. Objectives: To study how Boiler operates
II. Theory and Analysis
III. Equipment and Apparatus
 Pressure Gauge
 Gauges (ammeter and etc.)

IV. Pre- Test Check List

Ensure the following connections

 Raw water supply

 Stacks
 Blowdown and Safety Valve connection
 Cooling water supply in boiler and cooling tower
 Power supply to the boiler and cooling tower

Boiler

A guideline for boiler test

1. Before the boiler is started it must decide where the selected steam is to be used since the
operating pressure of the boiler varies according to the desired output.
2. The boiler can be run with steam averted to the atmosphere and boiler efficiency can still be
measured.
3. If steam is to be used on a prime mover such as a steam turbine on a steam engine, the steam
of the prime mover can be exhausted to the atmosphere or recovered by a condenser in the
cooling tower.

I. Objectives:

The primary objective of this activity is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how a boiler operates.
This involves examining the key components, understanding the working principles, and familiarizing
oneself with the safety considerations associated with boiler operation.

II. Theory and Analysis:

Boilers are crucial devices used to generate steam or hot water through the combustion of fuels. The
process involves several key components, including a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, and
control systems. Understanding the principles of heat transfer, combustion, and pressure regulation is
essential to comprehend boiler operation fully.

III. Equipment and Apparatus:

 1. Pressure Gauge: This instrument is used to measure and display the pressure within the boiler.
It provides a critical parameter for monitoring and controlling the boiler's operation.

2. Gauges (ammeter and etc.): Various gauges, including an ammeter, may be present to measure
electrical parameters associated with the boiler's operation. These gauges help monitor the
electrical systems that control the boiler.

IV. Pre-Test Check List:

Before initiating any operation involving a boiler, it is crucial to perform a thorough pre-test checklist.
This ensures that all necessary precautions are taken and that the boiler is in a safe and operable
condition. The checklist may include the following:

1. Visual Inspection:

 Check for any visible signs of damage, leaks, or corrosion on the boiler's exterior.

 Ensure all access panels and doors are securely closed and sealed.

2. Fuel Supply:

 Verify that the fuel supply lines are intact, properly connected, and free from any
obstructions.

3. Water Supply:

 Confirm that the water supply system is operational, with adequate water levels in the
boiler.

4. Pressure Relief Valve:

 Ensure that the pressure relief valve is in good condition and set to the appropriate
pressure limit.

5. Control Systems:

 Verify that all control systems, including safety interlocks, are functioning correctly.

6. Ventilation:

 Ensure proper ventilation in the boiler room to prevent the accumulation of

combustible gases.

7. Safety Devices:

 Test and verify the functionality of safety devices such as pressure switches,
temperature controls, and flame detectors.
 8. Emergency Shutdown Procedures:

 Review and ensure all personnel are familiar with the emergency shutdown procedures
in case of a critical situation.

9. Documentation:

 Check that all relevant documentation, including operating manuals and emergency
contact information, is readily accessible.

10. Personnel Training:

 Confirm that operators are adequately trained and knowledgeable about boiler
operation and safety protocols.

SUBMITTED BY: ALMER BALIDIONG

SUBMITTED TO: CONRADO AGUTH SALINAS CALUMPITA