Review Innovations CE Review for April 2023 – Algebra 2

Binomial Theorem: Expansion of (x + y)n at two steps per second, reaching the top in 32 steps.
How many steps are there in the escalator? Answer: 80
n(n - 1) n - 2 2
( x + y )n = x n + nx n -1 y 1 + x y 5. A train, an hour after starting, had to stop due to some
2!
engine trouble. After one hour, it proceeded at 60% of its
n(n - 1)(n - 2) n - 3 3
( x + y )n = + x y +  + nx 1 y n -1 + y n former rate and arrived 3 hours after the time. Had the
3! incident happened 50km farther on the line, it would
Note: have arrived 1.5 hours sooner. Find the length of the
journey. Answer: 88.89 km
1. It starts with xn and ends with yn.
2. The power of x decreases by 1 while the power of y 6. A man was enjoying the afternoon rowing leisurely
increases by 1. upstream when his baseball cap fell in the water. So
3. The sum of the powers of x & y in any term is always n. absorbed was he in listening to the music from his
4. There will be n + 1 terms in the expansion. earphones that it was 12 minutes before he discovered
5. If the coefficient of a term is multiplied by the power of his cap missing. He turned around and recovered the
x in that term and then the product divided by the power cap 1 km downstream from where it fell. Assuming
of y increased by 1, the resulting number is the coefficient constant speed and neglecting the time for turnaround,
of the next term. what was the speed of the water current? Answer: 2.5 kph
7. A and B run around a circular track whose circumference
rth Term of Binomial Expansion
is 150m. When they run in opposite directions, they meet
every 5 seconds, but when they run in the same direction
r th term in (x + y)n = C(n, m)xn-m ym from the same point, they are together every 25 seconds.
What are their rates? Answer: 18m/s & 12m/s
n!
where m = r – 1 and C(n, m) = 8. A policeman is pursuing a snatcher who is ahead by 72
(n - m)! m ! of his own leaps. The snatcher takes 6 leaps while the cop
takes 5 leaps, but 4 leaps of the snatcher are as long as 3
Motion-related Problems leaps of the cop. How many leaps will the cop make
distance = velocity × time before he catches the snatcher? Policeman: 540 leaps

Motion in water current or air current
If x = velocity of (boat/airplane) in still (water/air)
y = velocity of the (water/air), then
x + y = velocity when going (downstream/with the wind)
x – y = velocity when going (upstream/against the wind)
9. An elevated concrete tank is filled through its inlet pipe
and then is emptied through its outlet pipe in a total time
of 9 hours. If water enters through the inlet pipe and is
simultaneously allowed to leave through the outlet pipe,
the tank is filled in 20 hours. How long will it take to fill
the tank if the outlet is closed? Ans: 4 hrs

10. A job can be done by 20 laborers in 30 days. To finish the

Motion in a circle or any closed circuit job earlier 25 men were hired. However, after working
Starting at the same time from the same point for 20 days, 10 men quitted and were not replaced. Find
1. Going in the same the direction: the total number of days to finish the job. Answer: 26 2 3
dfaster – dslower = 1 circuit
2. Going in opposite directions:
dfaster + dslower = 1 circuit For Practice
1. A man passed one-sixth of his life in childhood, one-
Work-related Problems twelfth in youth, and one-seventh more as a bachelor.
Case 1: Each worker has different rates Five years after his marriage, a son was born who died
Job done = Rate ´ Time four years before his father at half his father’s final age.
job done What was the man’s final age? Answer: 84
Rate =
time 2. Robert is 15 years older than his brother Stan. However,
Combined rates = Rate 1 ± Rate 2 y years ago, Robert was twice as old as Stan. If Stan is b
years old now and b > y, find the value of b – y.
Case 2: Each worker has the same rate Answer: 15

Job done = Number of men ´ Number of days 3. Find the term that is independent of x in the expansion
of (2 + 3/x2)(x – 2/x)6. Answer: -140
To finish the job
4. What is the coefficient of the 5th term of the expansion of
S(Job done) = total number of man-days (2x2 + 3y3)10? How about the sum of the exponents of the
terms in the expansion? Answer: 1,088,640; 275

5. Find the sum of the coefficients of the expansion (x + 2)4.

Problems: Answer: 65
1. Find the 6th term in the expansion of (2x3 + 9y)11.
Answer: 1,745,960,832x18y5 6. Working together, observation planes A, B and C can
map a certain region in three hours. After working for
2. Find the constant term in the expansion of (x + x–3/2)15.
Answer: 5,005 one hour, A developed engine trouble and had to stop.
As a consequence, B and C had to continue working for
3. Find the sum of the coefficients of the terms in the
the next four hours to complete the job. It turned out
expansion of (4x – 7y)4. Answer: 81
however that half of the photographs taken by A were
4. A certain physicist, who is always in a hurry, walks up spoiled. The following day, C was sent to photograph
an ongoing escalator at the rate of one step per second. that part of the region for which A’s photographs were
Twenty steps bring him to the top. Next day he goes up spoiled. It took C one and a half hours to complete the

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task. How long will it take each plane to map the region
alone? Answer: A = 6 hrs, B = 9 hrs, C = 18 hrs
7. Kevin can finish a job in 8 hours. Melvin can do it in 5
hrs. If Kevin worked for 3 hours and then Melvin was
asked to help him finish it, how long will Melvin have to
work with Kevin to finish the job? Answer: 1.92 hrs
CE Review for April 2023 – Algebra 2
20. Two trains, one 350 ft long, the other 450 ft long, on
parallel tracks, can pass each other completely in 8
seconds when moving in opposite directions. When
moving in the same direction, the faster train completely
passes the slower one in 16 seconds. Find the speed of
the faster train. Answer: 75 fps

8. A job could be done by eleven workers in 15 days. Five

workers started the job. They were reinforced with four
more workers at the beginning of the 6th day. Find the
total number of days it took them to finish the job.
Ans: 20.56

9. A man and a boy can do in 15 days a piece of work which

could be done by 7 men and 9 boys in 2 days. In how
many days could one man finish the work alone?
Answer: 20 days

10. A and B run a 1.5-kilometer race. In the first heat, A gives

B a start of 11 meters and beats him by 57 seconds. In the
second heat, A gives B a start of 81 seconds and is beaten
by 88 meters. Find the rate of A in km/hr. Ans: 15.1

11. A man covers the distance A to B in 5 hours and 30

minutes. During the second half of the distance, he
traveled 1/2 km less per hour than during the first half.
In the return trip from B to A, by traveling 1 km/hr faster
than during the first half of his trip from A to B, he
consumed 3 and 3/4 hours. Determine the distance AB.
Answer: 15 km

12. A battleship started on a 500-mile voyage but was

brought to full stop an hour after starting for military
reasons, delaying it for full hour, after which it was
ordered to proceed at a reduced velocity equivalent to
75% of its former rate. The ship arrived at its destination
3 hours and 3 quarters after scheduled time. If it was
desired for the ship to arrive one hour and a quarter
sooner, how far from the destination should the ship
have been ordered stopped? Answer: 243.24 mi.

13. A marksman fires a target 420 m away and hears the

bullet strikes the target 2 seconds after he pulled the
trigger. An observer 525 m away from the target and 455
m away from the marksman hears the bullet strikes the
target 1 second after he hears the report of the rifle. What
is the velocity of the bullet? Ans: 525 m/s

14. A bus travels a distance of 350 km in exactly the same

time that a car travels a distance of 600 km. If the car is
50 kph faster than the bus, how fast was the bus?
Ans: 70 kph
15. In what time would A, B and C together do a work if A
alone could do it in six hours more, B alone in one hour
more, and C alone in twice the time? Answer: 40 minutes

16. Two planes leave Manila for Tokyo, a distance of 900

miles. The four-motored plane A travels at a ground
speed of 90 mph faster than the two-motored plane B.
Plane A arrives in Tokyo 2 hr 15 min ahead of plane B.
What is the ground speed of plane B? Answer: 150 mph

17. An airplane takes 1.5 hours to travel 600 mi with the

wind and 1.6 hours to fly back. Find the speed of the
plane. Answer: 387.5mph

18. A boatman rows to a place 48 km distant and back in 14

hours; he finds he can row 4km with the stream in the
same time as 3 km against the stream. Find the rate of the
stream. Ans: 1 kph

19. A and B compete in a race. A run at a constant rate of 126

m/min while B runs 145 m the first minute, 143 m the
second minute, 141 m the third minute and so on. When
will A and B be together again? Answer: 20 min

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