Unit - 6

Binomial Theorem
Important Points

n!
• Cr = nCr = nr  = r ! n  r !

• For x, y R and n N

n
n n o n-1 n-2
(x+y) = nCo x y + nC1x y + n c2 x y +---+ n cn x y = 2 o n  ncr xn-r yr
r 0

10
e.g  10cr 210-r (-5)4=(2-5)10 = 310
r 0

(r+1) th term in expansion of (x+y)n is

Tr+1 = ncr xn-r yr

• For x,y  R and n N

(x-y)n = n Co xnyo - nc1 xn-1 y1 + nc2 xn-2 y2 +---+(-1)n ncn xo yn

n
nCr =  (-1)r ncr xn-r yr,
r 0

(r+1) th term in expansion of (x -y)n is Tr+1 = (-1)n nCr xn-r yr

• Number of terms in exprression of (x+y)n or (x-y)n is n+1.

for each term, the sum of power of x and y is n

• MIDDLE TERM(S)

231
 n
n  2
If n is even then middle term is   1 th term It is given by nCn x
2  2

 n+1   n+3 
If n is odd then middle term is   th term and   th term. These are given by
 2   2 

(n-1) (n+1) (n+1) (n-1)

n C(n-1) x 2 y 2 and n C(n+1) x 2 y 2

2 2

• The Greatest Co-efficient

nCn
• If n is even, the greatest co-efficient in the expansion of (x+y)n is 2

• If n is odd, there are two greatest co-efficient in the expansion of (x+y)n These are

n c (n-1) n c (n+1)
2
and 2

• The Greatest Term

If x>o,y>o,n  N then to find the greatest term in the expansion of (x+y) n find

(n+1)y
K= .
x+y

if k is an integer then the expansion of (x+y)n has two greatest terms is, Kth and (k+1)
th terms.

if k is not an integer then the expansion of (x+y)nhas just one greatest term and it is
given by T  +1.where  =[K].

r  
• (x+y)n + (x-y)n = 2 {nC0 xn yo + n C2 xn-2 y2 +nC4 xn-4 y4 +---+     1 th term
 2 

232
   n  1 
(x+y)n - (x-y)n = 2 {nC1 xn-1 y + n C3 xn-3 y3 +---+     th term}
 2 

9 9 9

e.g 1+ 2x  + 1- 2x  has   +1=4+1=5 terms.
2

• (1+x)n = nCo xo + nC1 x1 + nC2 x2 +---+ n Cn xn ; nN

- Co-efficient of xr in expasion of (1+x)n is = nr  = n Cr

- Co-efficient of (r+1)th term in expansion of (1+x)n is = nr  = n Cr

n
• (a1+a2+---+ am)n =  a1n1 a 2 n 2 ......a m n m
n! n 2!...n m !

where n1, n2, n3, ......nm N and

n1 + n2 + n3 +.....+nm = n

Numbers of terms in expansion = (n + m - 1)C(m-1)

(n+1) (n+2)
e.g. Number of terms in expansion of (x+y+z)n = sum of coefficients in
2
(x+y+z)n = 3n

• Some properties of the Binomial coefficients

(1) n Co + n C1+n C2 +......+n Cn = 2n

(2) n Co + n C2 + n C4 +......+ = 2n -1

(3) n C1 + n C3 + n C5+.....+n Cn = 2n-1

(4) If ao, a1, a2, .......... an are in A.P then

ao n co + a1 n c1 + a2 n c2 + .......+ an ncn = (ao + an) 2n-1

(5) n Co - n C1 + n C2-.......+ (-1)n n Cn = o

233
 (6) If three consecutive binomial co-efficients n Cr-1, n Cr, n Cr+1

1
are in A.P then r =
2
n+ n+2 
(7) Co-efficient of xn in (1+x)2n=2 {co efficient of xn in (1+x)2n-1}

n
1  1 (2n)!
(8) co-efficient of in expansion of (1+x)n
x 1   
 x (n-1)i(n+1)!

• To find remainder when xn is divideel by y, try to express x or some power of x as

ky  1 and then apply binomial theorem.

234
 Question Bank

n
 x
1. If coefficients of x and x are equal in expansion of  2   then n = _______
7 8
 3

(a) 55 (b) 56 (c) 54 (d) 58

9
 3x 2 1 
2. The constant term in expansion of    , x  o is
 2 3 x 

5 7 5 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
18 18 17 17

7
 x3 
3. Coefficients of middle terms in expansion of  2   are...
 3 

560 280 560 280

(a) - ,- (b) ,-
27 81 27 81

560 280 560 280

(c) - , (d) ,
27 81 27 81

12
2 
4. Middle term in expansion of   3xy  is_____
x 

(a) 14370048 y6 (b) 14370024 y6

(c) 43110144 y6 (d) 43110124 y6

12
 1
5 If middle term is Kx in expansion of  x  
m
then m =_____
 x

(a) -2 (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) 1

235
 8
 x3 
6. Co efficient of middle term in expansion of  x   =_____
 5 

14 70 14 70
(a) (b) (c) (d)
625 625 125 125

n
 a2 
7. Index number of middle term in expansion of 1  a   is ______
 4 

n n+1 n+3
(a) 1 (b) (c) n+1 (d)
2 2 2

8. In the expansion of (x+y)13 the co efficients of 3 rd term and ____th terms are equal.

(a) 12 (b) 11 (c) 8 (d) 13

9. In the expansion of (x-y)10, (co efficient of x7 y3) - (co-efficient of x3 y7) =_____

(a) 10 C7 (b) 2 .10 C7 (c) 10 C7 + 10 C1 (d) 0

35
 2 1
 5 3
10. In the expansion of  a  b  a  b, the number of terms in which the power
 

of a and b are integers are ______

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

8
 
 1 2 
11. 6 th term in the expansion of  8
+ x lo g 1 0
x  is 5600 then x =_____
 3 
 x 

(a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 10 (d) 10

12. If p and Q are coefficients of xn in expansion of (1+x)2n and (1+x)2n-1 then_____

(a) P = Q (b) P = 2 Q (c) 2P = Q (d) P + Q = 0

236
 10
 
 x 1 x 1 
13 The constant term in expansion of  2   is ______
1 1
 3 
 x  x 1 x  x2
3 

(a) 210 (b) 105 (c) 70 (d) 35

100
14 If w  1 is quberoot of 1 then 100 c r
(2+w2)100-r wr =____
r=0

(a) -1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2

15. The Co-efficient of x3 in (1-x+x2)5 is

(a) -30 (b) -20 (c) -10 (d) 30

16. It coefficients of middle terms in expansion of (1+  x)8 and (1-  x)6 are equal then
 =__

2 2 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
7 7 7

17. (1-x)m (1+x)n = 1+a1x + a2x2+......; m,n N and a1=a2=10 then (m,n) =______

(a) (45, 35) (b) (35, 20) (c) (35, 45) (d) (20, 45)

5 5
 3   3 
18. The expansion of  x  x  1    x  x  1  is a plynomial of degree
   

(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8

19. The Co-efficient of xr in expansion of S =(x+3)n-1 + (x+3)n-2 (x+2) + (x+3)n-3 (x+2)2

+...+ (x+2)n-1 is.................... .

(a) nCr (3r - 2r) (b) nCr (3n-r-2n-r)(c) 3n-r- 2n-r (d) 3n-r + 2n-r

10 10
20. Number of terms in expansion of  x+ y  + x- y  is.................... .

(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8

237
21. The co-efficient of middle term in expansion of (2x - 3y)4 is.................... .

(a) -96 (b) 216 (c) -216 (d) 96

4
 x 2
22. Constant term in expansion of 1+ -  is.................... .
 2 x

(a) 5 (b) -5 (c) 4 (d) -4

5 5
23.   
2+1 + 
2  1 =________

(a) 58 (b) 58 2 (c) -58 (d)  58 2

24. If sum of Even terms are denoted by E and sum of odd terms are denoted by O in
expansion of (x + a)n then O2 - E2 =_______

(a) x2 - a2 (b) (x2 - a2)n (c) x2n - a2n (d) None of these

n
25.  nCr 4r  _____
r=o

(a) 4n (b) 5n (c) 4-n (d) 5-n

26. (10.1)5 =_______

(a) 105101.501 (b) 105101.0501

(c) 105101.00501 (d) 105101.05001

27. If a,b  N, a  b then for rN, an -bn is divisible by ________

(a) a-b (b) b-a (c) both(a)and(b) (d) None of these

28. (1.1)10000 ______1000

(a) > (b) < (c) = (d) None of these

25
 2 1 
29. 10th term in expansion of  2x  2  is...........
 x 

238
 1760 1760 880 880
(a) (b) (c) (d)
x2 x3 x2 x3

25
 1 
30. The 11th term from last, in expansion of  2x  2  is
 x 

210 210
(a) 25 C15 20 (b) -25 C15 20
x x

211 211
(c) -25 C14 (d) 25 C14
x11 x11

31. 16th term and 17th term are equal in expansion of (2+x)40 then x=______

17 17 34 34
(a) (b) (c) (d)
24 12 13 15

5
1 log x 
32. 3 term in expansion of   x 10  is 1000 then x=______
rd
x 

(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 1000 (d) None

6
 1 1 
 lo g x  1 
33. x  x 2
1
 has 200 is as 4th term and x>1 then x = ______
 
 

(a) 10 (b) 100 (c) 1000 (d) None

1 10
  log 3 (5 x 1 1) 
 log 3 25 x 1
7 
34. 3  3 8  has 180 is as a 9th term then x =______
 

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 0

239
 m
 3 
35. If the sum of co-efficient of first three terms in expansion of  a  2  , mN, a  o
 a 
is 559 then m = _____

(a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 13

36. Co-efficient of x5 in expansion of (1+2x)6 (1 - x)7 is......................... .

(a) 150 (b) 171 (c) 192 (d) 161

10
 
 x+1 x-1 
37. Constant term in expansion of  2 1 - 1  is........................... .
 3 3 
 x -x +1 x-x 2 

(a) 190 (b) 200 (c) 210 (d) 220

38. If the ratio of co-efficients of three consecutive terms in expansion of (1+x)n is

1 : 7 : 42 then n = ______

(a) 35 (b) 45 (c) 55 (d) 65

n
 1
39. If n is even natural number then middle term in expansion of  x   is............... .
 x

n! n! 2(n !) n!
2 2 2
(a)  n  ! (b)  n ! (c)  n ! (d) 2  n !
     
2 2  2  2 

40. When 520 is divided by 48 then remainder is______

(a) 46 (b) 47 (c) 48 (d) 49

41. The remainder when 23n -7n+4 is divided by 49 is ................ .

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 5

240
42. n Co + 2.n C1 + 3.n C2 +---+ (n+1). nCn =_______

(a) (n+1) 2n-1 (b) (n+2) 2n-1 (c) (n+1) 2n (d) (n+1) 2n-1

43. The least positive remainder when 1730 is divided by 5 is

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 1

44. n C1 - n C2 + n C3 -........+ (-1)n n Cn = _____

(a) 0 (b) -1 (c) n (d) 1

45. 13 c1 + 13 c2 + .........+ 13 c6 =______

(a) 213-1 (b) 213 (c) 212-1 (d) 214-1

46. 10C1 + 10C3 + 10C5 +...........+ 10C9 =_____

(a) 512 (b) 1024 (c) 2048 (d) 1023

47. If the sum of co-efficieuts of expansion (m2x2 + 2mx + 1)31 is zero then m = _____

(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 2 (d) -2

48. If (1-x + x2)n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + -------+ a2n x2n then a0 + a2 + a4 +-----+a2n =______

3n -1 1-3n 3n +1 3 n+1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2

49. Sum of Co-efficient of last 15 terms in expansion of (1+x)29 is

(a) 215 (b) 230 (c) 229 (d) 228

50. Remainder when 22000 is divided by 17 is................. .

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 8 (d) 12

100
51. Co-efficient of x53 in 100 Cr (x-5)100-r 4r is _______
r=o

(a) 100 c53 (b) 100 c48 (c) -100 c53 (d) 100 c51

52. The interval in which x(>o) must lie so that the greatest term in the expansion of (1+x)2n
has the greatest coefficient is

241
  n-1 n   n n+1 
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 n n-1   n+1 n 

 n n+2 
(c)  ,  (d) None
 n+2 n 

53. n C1 + 2. n C2 + 3. n C3 +-----+ n. n Cn =_____

(a) n. 2n-1 (b) (n-1) 2n-1 (c) (n+1) 2n-1 (d) (n-1) 2n

54. Let x > -1 then statement (1+x)n > 1+nx is true for

(a)  nN (b)  n > 1

(c)  n >1 and x  o (d)  nR

55. (1+x)n = nC0 + nC1 x +nC2 x2 +----- nCnxn. and

nC1 nC 2 nC3 nCn 1

2 3  .....   n(n  1) then K = ______
nC0 nC1 nC 2 nCn  1 k

(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 2 (d) 12

n
1  1
56. The coefficient of
x
in expansion of (1+x)n 1   is _______
 x

1
(a) 2n Cn (b) 2n C(n-1) (c) (d) 2n C0
2

57. Co-efficient of x4 in expansion of (1+x+x2+x3)11 is _______

(a) 330 (b) 990 (c) 1040 (d) 900

58. The sum of coefficient of middle terms in expasision of (1+x)2n-1 is_______

(a) (2n-1) Cn (b) (2n-1) C(n-1) (c) 2n Cn (d) 2n C(n+1)

59. Remainder when 82n - 622n+1 is divided by 9 is ________

(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 7 (d) 8

242
 6
60. The number of rational terms in expansion of 1  2+ 3 5   are

(a) 22 (b) 12 (c) 11 (d) 7

1
61. The greatest term in expansion of (3+2x)50 is _____ ; where x 
5

7 6
2
43
2
44
(a) 50 C7 3   (b) 50 C6 3  
5 5

43 44
2
7
2
6
(c) 50 C43 3   (d) 50 C44 3  
5 5

62. It A and B are coefficients of xr and xn-r respectively in expansion of (1+x)n then =_____

(a) A+B = n (b) A=B (c) A+B = 2n (d) A-B = 2n

63. Coefficients of (2r+4)th term and (r-2)th term are equal in expansion of (1+x)18 then
r =_____

(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7

64. (1+px)n = 1+24x + 252x2 + -----then................ .

(a) p = 3, n = 8 (b) p = 2, n = 6 (c) p = 3, n = 6 (d) p = 3, n = 5

65. Sun of coefficients in expansion of (1+x - 3x2)4331 is ____

(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 0 (d) 24330

2n

66. R = 3  5  and f=R-[R], Where [ ] is an integer part function then R(1-f) =_____

(a) 22n (b) 42n (c) 82n (d) 42n

2 n1
67. R =  2 1  , n N and f= R - [R], Where [ ] is an integer part function then

Rf=____

(a) 22n+1 (b) 22n-1 (c) 22n-1 (d) 1

243
 1 1024
 1
 52  78 
68.   has number of rational terms = ________
 

(a) 0 (b) 129 (c) 229 (d) 178

45
 1 1 
 5 10 
69. Number of rational terms in expansion of  4  7  =_______
 

(a) 40 (b) 5 (c) 41 (d) 8

n
 1
70. If sum of co-efficients in expansion of  2 x   is zero then find constant term
 x

(a) 1120 (b) 512 (c) 1020 (d) 1050

11
 a
71. Co-efficient of x in expansion of  x  
-3
is................... .
 x

(a) -792 a5 (b) -923 a7 (c) -792 a6 (d) -330 a7

72. If coefficient of 2nd, 3rd and 4th terms are in A.P for (1+x)n then n =____

7
(a) 28 (b) 14 (c) 7 (d)
2

73. Number of terms in expansion of (x1+x2+-----+xr)n is ______

(a) (n + 1) C4 (b) (n+r-1) C(r-1) (c) (n-r+1) C(r-1) (d) (n+r-1)Cr

1
74. The greatest term in expansion of (3+5x)15 is ____ where x 
5

(a) 15 C3 (313) (b) 15 C4 (312) (c) 15 C4 (310) (d) 15 C4 (311)

244
 2
75. The greatest term in expansion of (1+x)10 is ___ ; where x 
3

6 6 4 4
3 2 2 3
(a) 210   (b) 210   (c) 210   (d) 210  
2 3 3 2

 n  1  n  1   n  1
76.  1    2   ....   n  1  = ______ ; n>1
     

(a) 2n-1 (b) 2n-2 (c) 2n-1-1 (d) 2n-1

n n n n

77.    3    5    ...   2 n  1     _ _ _ _ _ ; n  N
0 1 2 n

(a) (n+2)2n (b) (n+1)2n (c) n2n (d) (n+1)2n+1

21
 a 13 b 1 2 
78.  1  1  has same power of a and b for (r+1) th term then r = ______
b 6 a 6 
 

(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 10 (d) 11

79. coefficients of 5th, 6th and 7th terms are in A.P. for expansion of (1+x)n then n = ____

(a) 7 or 12 (b) -7 or 14 (c) 7 or 14 (d) -7 or 12

 8
80.   
2  1  =.................; where [ ] is integer part function.


(a) 1151 (b) 1152 (c) 1153 (d) 1154

 6
81.   
3  1  =.......................; where [ ] is integer part function..


(a) 415 (b) 416 (c) 417 (d) 418

245
 193  63  3(19)(6)(25)
82. =____
36  6(243)(2)  (15)(81)(4)  (20)(27)(8)  (15)(9)(16)  (6)(3)(32)  26

(a) 1 (b) 5 (c) 2 (d) 6

n
 p b 
83. If rth term in the expansion of  ax  q  is constant, then r =_____
 x 

qn pn pn pn
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 1
pq pq pq pq

10
 3 5 
84. If rth term in expansion of  2x  2  is constant then r =______
 x 

(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 4 (d) 5

12
 1 
85. If rth term in the expansion of  x   is constant then r =_____
 2x 

(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8

n
 1
86. If 4th term in the expansion of  px   is constant then n =_____
 x

(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6

7
 x3  a 9
87. If middle term in the expansion of  2   is x then a = ______
 3  27

280 280
(a) 560 (b) -560 (c) (d) 
3 3

246
 9
 3x 2 1 
88. If rth term in expansion of  -  , x  o is constant then r = _____
 2 3x 

(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9

n
 a p
89. The constant term in expansion of  q +bx  is____ th term
x 

qn pn pn pn
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 1
pq pq pq pq

10
 3 x
90. _______th term is costant term in expansion of  2 +  , x o
x 3 

(a) 4 (b) 7 (c) 8 (d) 9

91. If the sum of Co-efficient is 4096 in expansion of (x+y)n then the greatest Co-efficient
is ______

(a) 792 (b) 924 (c) 1594 (d) 2990

92. Co-efficient of xr is denoted by ar in expansion of (x+1)p+q then

(a) ap = aq (b) ap = -aq (c) ap aq = +1 (d) None

93. If co-efficients of (r+2)th term and 3r th term are equal in expansion of (1+x)2n,

n,r N, r>1, n>2 then n =______

(a) 3r (b) 3r +1 (c) 2r (d) 2r +1

256
 1 1
 2 8
94. Numbers of rational terms in expansion  3  5  are ____
 

(a) 33 (b) 34 (c) 35 (d) 32

247
95. s(k) : 1+3+5+-----+ (2k-1) = 3+k2 then which statemeut is true ?

(a) s(k)  s (k+1) (c) s(k)  s (k+1)

(c) s (1) is true (d) Result is proved by Principle of Mathematical induction

96. The co-efficients of the middle terms in the binomial expansions in powers of x of
(1+  x)4 and (1-  x)6 is the same if  equals

3 10 5 3
(a)  (b) (c) (d)
10 3 3 5

97. The Co-efficient of xn in the expansion of (1+x) (1-x)n is

(a) (-1)n-1 (n-1)2 (b) (-1)n (1-n)

(c) n-1 (d) (-1)n-1n

98. If the co-efficients of rth, (r+1) th and (r+2) th terms in the biromial expansion of
(1+y)m are in A.P. then m and r satisfy the equation

(a) m2 - m (4r+1)+4r2-2 = 0 (b) m2 - (4r-1)m+4r2+2 = 0

(c) m2 - (4r-1)m+4r2 - 2= 0 (d) m2 - (4r+1)m+4r2+2 = 0

11
 2 a 
99. If the Co-efficient of x in  ax  7
 equals the co-efficients of x -7 in
 bx 

11
 1 
 ax  2  then
 bx 

a
(a) 1 (b) ab=1 (c) a-b=1 (d) a+b=1
b

100. If x is so small that terms with x3 and higher powers of x may be neglected then

3 3
 x
1  x  2  1  
 2
1 may be approximated as............
1  x  2

248
 3 2 1 3 3 2 3 2
(a) x (b) x  x2 (c) 1  x (d) 3 x  x
8 2 8 8 8

a
101. In the binomial expansion of (a-b)n, n  o, the sum of 5th and 6th terms is zero then
b
= __________

5 6 n5 n4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
n4 n5 6 5

249
 Answers
1-A 2-B 3-C 4-C 5-A 6-B 7-C 8-A 9-D 10-C

11-D 12-B 13-A 14-C 15-A 16-B 17-C 18-C 19-B 20-A

21-B 22-B 23-B 24-B 25-B 26-C 27-C 28-A 29-B 30-B

31-B 32-B 33-A 34-A 35-C 36-B 37-C 38-C 39-B 40-C

41-D 42-B 43-B 44-D 45-C 46-A 47-B 48-C 49-D 50-A

51-C 52-B 53-A 54-C 55-C 56-B 57-B 58-C 59-B 60-D

61-B 62-B 63-C 64-A 65-B 66-B 67-D 68-B 69-C 70-A

71-D 72-C 73-B 74-D 75-C 76-C 77-B 78-B 79-C 80-C

81-B 82-A 83-C 84-B 85-C 86-D 87-B 88-B 89-A 90-D

91-B 92-A 93-C 94-A 95-B 96-A 97-A 98-A 99-B 100-A

101-D

263