PERSONALITY

&
VALUES
Learning Objectives
Define personality, describe how it is measured, and explain the
factors that determine an individual’s personality.
Describe the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator personality framework
and assess its strengths and weaknesses.
Identify the key traits in the Big Five personality model.
Demonstrate how the Big Five traits predict behavior at work.
Define values, demonstrate their importance
 MEANING
The word personality is derived from a Greek word “persona”
which means “to speak through.”

Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that

forms a person’s unique identity.

It signifies the role which a person plays in public. Every

individual has a unique, personal and major determinant of his
behavior that defines his/her personality.
 DEFINITION

According to Fred Luthans “Personality means how a person

affects others and how he understand and views himself as well as
the pattern of inner and outer measurable traits and the person-
situation interactions.”
According to Stephen P. Robbins”personality is the sum total
ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.
PERSONALITY TRAITS
Traits are typically defined as the different characteristics
that make up an individual's personality.
DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
HEREDITY FACTORS
o GENETIC FACTORS play a major part in the formation of
personality, but not every personality characteristic is originated
from genetic makeup (Physical structure, facial attractiveness,
gender, muscle composition etc.)
DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
MEASURING PERSONALITY
Two dominant frameworks used to describe personality:
● Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI®)-A personality test
that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 of 16
personality types using 100 questions.Most widely-used
instrument in the world
● The Big Five Model

*No one personality type is "best" or "better" than another. It

isn't a tool designed to look for dysfunction or abnormality.
Instead, its goal is simply to help you learn more about yourself.
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)—also referred to as the
“Myers-Briggs personality test” or simply the “Myers-Briggs
test”—is a self-reported questionnaire. The test helps people assess
their personality using four specific dichotomies, or scales:
introversion-extraversion, sensing-intuition, thinking-feeling and
judging-perceiving.
The MBTI was first developed in the 1940s by mother daughter
duo, Isabel Briggs Myers and Katharine Cook Briggs, and it’s based
on psychologist Carl Jung’s theory of psychological types. In other
words, the MTBI is intended to give clarity and understanding of a
person’s personality type in a practical way.
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
 MBTI (Cont.d)
Individuals who are dependable, reliable, careful, thorough, able to plan,
organized, hardworking, persistent, and achievement-oriented tend to have
higher job performance in most if not all occupations.
Emotional stability is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job
satisfaction, and low stress levels. This is probably true because high
scorers are more likely to be positive and optimistic and experience fewer
negative emotions.
Individuals who score high on openness to experience are more creative in
science and art than those who score low. Because creativity is important to
leadership, open people are more likely to be effective leaders, and more
comfortable with ambiguity and change.
Extraversion is a relatively strong predictor of leadership emergence in
groups; extraverts are more socially dominant, “take charge” sorts of
people, and they are generally more assertive than introverts.
MBTI (Cont.d)
THE “BIG FIVE” PERSONALITY TRAITS
The Big Five personality dimensions or Traits by Robert McCrae
and Paul Costa were built upon Lewis Goldberg's five primary
personality factors. In their research, they classified traits into five
broad dimensions which are as follows:-We use acronyms like
OCEAN or CANOE for ease of remembering.
O-Openness
C-Conscientiousness
E-Extraversion
A-Agreeableness
N-Neuroticism
THE “BIG FIVE” PERSONALITY TRAITS
THE “BIG FIVE” TRAITS
THE “BIG FIVE” TRAITS (Cont.d)
THE “BIG FIVE” TRAITS (Cont,d)
THE “BIG FIVE” TRAITS (Cont,d)
MYERS BRIGS TYPE INDICATOR
THE “BIG FIVE” TRAITS (Cont,d)
THE “BIG FIVE” TRAITS (Cont,d)
Neuroticism(Emotional
Stability)
VALUES
Broad preferences relating to appropriate course of actions or
outcomes.

Basic convictions on how to conduct yourself or how to live

your life that is personally or socially preferable to an opposite
or converse mode of conduct or end state of existence.
IMPORTANCE OF VALUES

● Provide understanding of the attitudes, motivation, and

behaviors
● Influence our perception of the world around us
● Represent interpretations of “right” and “wrong”
● Imply that some behaviors or outcomes are preferred over
others
CHECK YOUR PERSONALITY

https://www.truity.com/test/type-finder-personality-test-
new
https://www.123test.com/personality-test/