Midterm Workbook 20231113180049

You might also like

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 38

PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 1

Purposive
Communication
(COM101)

Janine Manicad-Libosada, MAEd


Ericson S. Caparas, LPT
Course Instructors
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 2

--Public Speaking and Reports in the Information Age


--Sample Speeches of Public Speaking
7
WELCOME STUDENTS!

In this module, we will be more specific in dealing with communicating and reporting in the age
of information. While the previous lesson was more theoretical in nature, here we will be tackling
both theory and practice, with the help of model essays and task assigned to you. The first lesson
is a short story of public speaking. It is important to be able to locate oneself in the different
traditions of public speaking around the world and to be able to learn from those who have come
before us.

Before you proceed, look at the expected lessons for the Midterm Period, learning
outcomes, and objectives.

MIDTERM LESSONS

Lesson 7: Public Speaking and Reports in the Information Age


Sample Speeches of Public Speaking
Lesson 8: TED talks
Lesson 9: The Tools Needed in Critical / Creative Reports
Lesson 10: Corporate Culture And Communication
Lesson 11: The Principles of Professional Communication
Intercultural issues in workplace

Before you proceed, look at the learning outcomes, objectives, and the expected lessons
for the Midterm Period.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Here’s what I will teach you in this course material:

1. appreciate the importance and history of public speaking


2. speak in public in an organized and competent manner
3. analyze speeches and identify perceived strengths and weaknesses
4. dissect a speech using the general principles of logos, pathos, and ethos
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 3

Now that you know already what to expect in the course with specific lessons, you may now
proceed.

Good luck and enjoy learning.

Lesson 1: Public Speaking and Reports in the Information Age


Sample Speeches of Public Speaking

There are so many public speaking traditions around the world. We will discuss a few of these
traditions, from the more well-known public speaking traditions of the Greeks and Romans,
and the public speaking traditions that are found in the Philippines.

It is important to be able to locate oneself in the different traditions of public speaking around
the world and to be able to learn from those who have come before us.

Before you start, try answering the following


questions.
MODULE CONTENTS
Download the following Speeches.

1. Bataan Has Fallen by Salvador P. Lopez

Kickoff—
After reading the speech, answer this question
• How do you think this speech affected 4 Sample Speeches
the people who were listening to the radio?

2. The Speech To the Troops at Tilbury by


Queen Elizabeth
5 Pre-activity—
Pre-test Questions

After reading the speech, answer this question ---History of Public


• Why was it important to emphasize the
presence of Queen Elizabeth with the troops?
6 History of Public
Speaking
Speaking
How did she defend her strength as a female Let’s Go—Crossword
leader? Puzzle
Let’s Go-
9 Crossword Puzzle
Summary
Summary of the
Key Terms
Lesson
Posttest
Key Terms
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 4

1. How do public speakers affect society? Give concrete examples.

2. What are your thoughts and feelings about public speaking?

History of Public Speaking

The importance of public speaking cannot be denied. Great speeches have moved nations to war
and revolution; they inspire and move people to act. What people say and how they say it, can get
them elected in public office or create a new movement in society. For the Greeks, public speaking
was political in nature, and the spoken word was thought to be such an important skill that citizens
were taught the art of rhetoric.

Public speaking is a human art of sharing one’s thought with others. It is a communication process
between two or more individuals which requires special talent: acquired through training, mastery
of techniques and artistic soul. It is a process which depends largely on the ability of the speaker
to deliver his message artistically, eloquently and effectively. The process of sharing his ideas with
the audience makes a link between the speaker and the listeners. If the audience fully understands
the message of the speaker and if both the speaker and the listeners can exchange ideas which will
broaden human experiences, then the speaker can be said to be effective.

Public speaking is an important life skill, yet few people master it. In fact, many people are afraid
of speaking in public. However, the significance of public speaking has only gotten stronger in
contemporary times.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 5

Sample Speeches

Speech to the Troops of Tilbury by Queen Elizabeth 1

The Speech To the Troops at Tilbury by Queen Elizabeth (Short background of the Text.)

Crossword Puzzle

Search for the following words and cross them using a LINE.
Communication Logos
Creative Thinking Modern
Effective Pathos
Ethos Rhetoric
Impromptu Speech

L A P I S S B V U T K B F K S M

H O Z V U P N C V S S P E E C H

E B G L D O E L W R J A K D O E

P I C O A I F K X Q I Z U A M L

A M X J S U F J Y P H Y P I M L

T P B R D Y E H Z O G X W B U O

H R T S F T C D N M O D E R N A

O O Y Y R E T H O R I C Q T I S

S M O T H R I C W N F E W R C B

A P L F J E V B I M D Z P E A L

G T I G K W E T H O S C R G T O

A U W B L Q M A Y L C M T B I C

M I N I O B S T I J U K L A O I

C R E A T I V E T H I N K I N G
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 6

SUMMARY
In this manner, the Filipino public speaking tradition brings with it the flamboyant, poetic manner
that flourished under Spanish colonization, and the simpler, methodical public speaking traditions
of the West.
Public speaking, and it involves communicating information before a large
audience. What makes public speaking different than, say, just talking to a
crowd of people, is in the way information is conveyed. In public speaking,
the information is purposeful and meant to inform, influence or entertain a
group of listeners.

KEY TERMS

Communication Logos Creative Thinking Modern Effective

Pathos Ethos Rhetoric Impromptu Speech

POSTTEST
Search for the following Public speech samples.

The Pope - Leader of the Worldwide Catholic Church


Donovan Livingston’s Harvard Graduate School of Education graduation speech
JK Rowling delivers the 2008 Harvard Commencement speech

REFERENCES
British Library. (2017). Elizabeth’s Tillbury speech. British Library Website.

Chan, G.S. (1999). Management communication: an Asian perspective. In G.S. Chan (Ed)
Management communication in the global era (pp. 1-6) Quezon City: Ateneo de
Manila University Press.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 7

ANSWERS TO EXERCISES

Kick Off

Answers may vary

Warm Up
Answers may vary

Let’s Go

Post Test

Answers may vary


PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 8

PURPOSIVE
COMMUNICATION
(COM101)
Janine Manicad-Libosada, MAEd
Ericson S. Caparas, LPT
Course Instructors
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 9

TED TALKS
8
Good day! Now that you are done with the Lesson 7, you can now proceed reading the module
about TED talks.

In the last lesson, we took up more traditional reports, as seen in television newscasts and reports
in the classroom. For this lesson, we will see how reports can be done in today’s modern world.
People from all over the world share their knowledge on various media platforms, whether they
are amateurs from YouTube or experts in TED Talks. People in the past may have thought that
animation and graphics would have dominated the information revolution, but it turns out that
human beings like watching other human talks- that public speaking remains one of the more
important ways to spread ideas in the 21th century. Instead of being instinct in the information age,
public speaking has become even more important. Filipinos like Mikey Bustos have huge
followings on their YouTube videos, while Filipino experts have shared their knowledge in TEDx
Talks in universities in the Philippines.

LESSON OBJECTIVES

Here’s what I will teach you in this course material:


1. know the features of a good TED talk
2. analyze some speeches from the TED Talks
3. create a credible, logical report that is thoroughly researched and fact-
checked
4. Perform a TED Talk using visual aids.

RESOURCES NEEDED

For this lesson, you would need the following resources:

• Title of your PowerPoint: WEEK8


• Links to websites:
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 10

Before you start, try answering the following


questions.
MODULE CONTENTS

1. Effective communication denotes successful creative


Kickoff- Pretest
thinking. If you were tasked to do an impromptu
speech, a TED talk, or public speaking, what
4 Question
principles would you practice to communicate your
ideas effectively?
5 Warm-up—
Types of TED talks

6 TED Talks

9 Types of TED talks

11 TED talks vs. TALKS

Summary of the
lesson

14 Posttest

Key Terms
15

References

15
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 11

INSTRUCTION: Identify what is the type of talk describing in each number. Choose your
answer in the box below. WRITE IT IN CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY.
_______________ 1. This discussion is primarily about science's awe and wonder discovery.

_______________ 2. This discussion introduces the audience to a problem that they may not be
familiar with. It is vital to remember that content is king.

_______________ 3. An onstage look at a creative new device created by the speaker.

_______________ 4. This talk is not about a single great concept that will change the world,
but rather a really entertaining approach on an interesting topic.

_______________ 5. Artists present their work and explain its significance in this
presentation and the technique by which they generate.

• THE BIG IDEA


• THE TECH-DEMO
• THE PERFORMANCE
• THE ARTIST’S STATEMENT
• THE “DAZZLE WITH WONDER”
• THE SMALL IDEA
• THE “ISSUE TALK”

TED talks

A TED talk is a video created from a presentation at the main TED ( technology, entertainment,
design) conference or one of its many satellite events around the world. TED talks are limited to a
maximum length of 18 minutes but may be on any topic.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 12

This short talk model works, since it only demands the audience’s attention for a short period of
time, decreasing the chance of minds wandering or daydreaming about lunch. In fact, some of
our greatest TED talks have been as short as 5 minutes long.
When searching for speakers, you can keep in mind these seven different types of talks-
not every speaker’s talk has to be exactly the same
Types of TED talks

• The big idea- the talk that makes one or two very strong points, and its importance
• The tech- demo – an onstage look at some clever new invention that the speaker was a
part of creating
• The performance – music, dance, magic, puppetry, or some other performance to
captivate your audience
• The artist’s statement – in this talk, artists showcase their art and explain the meaning
and process behind what they create
• The “dazzle with wonder” – this talk is mainly about the amazement of science and
discovery
• The small idea- this talk is not about one big idea, world- changing idea, but instead
a very engaging take on an interesting topic
• The “issue talk” – this talk exposes the audience to an issue that they may not otherwise
know much about it is important to know that content is king.
Whatever one chooses to talk about, it should come from a place of passion. One’s
enthusiasm to the topic should shine, and it should be something worth sharing to the world.
All the research in the world will not matter if one does not feel strongly about the topic.
After all the slogan of TED Talks is, “Ideas Worth Sharing,” and not, “A Few O.K. Ideas.”

INSTRUCTION: In the space provided before each number below, type "TED" if the statement
regarding TED TALKS is true, and "TALK" if it is false.
_______________ 1. The “TED” stands for Technology, Engaging, and Development.

_______________ 2. TED originated in 1980 as a conference focusing on Technology,


Entertainment, and Design, but it now covers practically every topic, from science to business to
global challenges.

_______________ 3. The greatest method to prepare for a TED talk is to practice as much as
possible.

_______________ 4. Today, TED TALK covers practically every topic, from science to business
to global challenges, in over 100 languages.

_______________ 5. TED lectures are limited to 18 minutes in length but can cover any topic.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 13

SUMMARY

When people speak in front of an audience, they are already on a place of vulnerability,
which is why some people freeze up or are afraid of showing their emotions. The opposite should
take place- speakers should use their emotions to connect to the audience- it makes them more
relatable and more accessible. Personal anecdotes are great ways to connect to the audience.

Lastly, it is important to speak slowly so the audience can understand the concepts one
talks about. The temptation is to speak as fast as you can in order to get the experience over and
done with, but that would simply give a bad impression.

There really isn’t much more to say. The best way to know how to give a TED Talk is to
watch several, and to study what makes them effective. And the best way to present a TED talk is
to practice and prepare, as much as possible.

KEY TERMS

•THE BIG IDEA THE TECH-DEMO THE PERFORMANCE


• THE ARTIST’S STATEMENT THE “DAZZLE WITH WONDER” THE SMALL IDEA
• THE “ISSUE TALK”

POSTTEST

Make short video (TED talk).


---less than 10mins
---content may be of your field of interest
---group- 4members
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 14

REFERENCES

Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language (2nd Ed). Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press
http://culturaldiplomacy.org/academy/pdf/research/books/nation_branding/English_A
s_A_Global_Language_-_David_Crystal.pdf

Gay, R. (2015). Confession of a bad feminist. TED Talks.

Lidsky, I. (2016). What really are you creating for yourself? TED Talks.

Puddicombe, A. (2012). All it takes is 10 mindful minutes. TED Talks.

ANSWERS TO EXERCISES

Kick Off
Answers may vary

Warm Up
1. The “DAZZLE WITH WONDER”
2. The “ISSUE TALK”
3. The “TECH-DEMO”
4. The “SMALL IDEA”
5. The “ARTIST’S STATEMENT”

Let’s Go

1. TALK( TECHNOLOGY, ENTERTAINMENT, DESIGN)


2. TALK (1984)
3. TED
4. TED
5. TED
Post Test

Answers may vary


PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 15

Purposive
Communication
(COM101)
Janine Manicad-Libosada, MAEd
Ericson S. Caparas, LPT
Course Instructors
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 16

The Tools Needed in Critical / Creative Reports

9
Good day! Now that you are done with the Lesson 8, you can now proceed reading the module
about The Tools Needed in Critical / Creative Reports.

In today’s day and age, everyone is expected to be able to give critical and creative reports. This
includes lawyers, engineers, and government employees, not just those who are working in the
fields of multimedia and the arts. Modern technology has made it easier for people to
complement their reports with arresting visual aids and helpful videos, and it has helped
tremendously in the spread of all kinds of information. To succeed in one’s academic and
professional life, one should be able to master the report

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Here’s what I will teach you in this course material:

At the end of the week, students should be able to:

1. understand and apply the best practices in public speaking and in creative
reporting
2. augment a report with relevant and eye-catching visual aids

3. create a credible, logical report that is thoroughly researched and fact-checked

RESOURCES NEEDED

For this lesson, you would need the following resources:

• Title of your PowerPoint and Learning material: WEEK9


• Links to websites
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 17

Before you start, try answering the following questions.


MODULE CONTENTS
Duterte’s Drug War : Manila’s Brutal Night Shift” ( Raffy Lerma
,BBC )
Watch the News Report at this Address:
Pretest—Watching
http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-38181753 ( 4 videos- follow-up Q
retrieved April 11, 2017)

Answer the following: 5 Pre-Activity Title--


Reflection on Speaking Style
1. What effect did the footage had on you? Why?
_____________________________________________________
______________
6 THE BEST PRACTICES OF
PUBLIC SPEAKING

2. Why does Raffy Lerma disagree about the killings? Do you


agree with him? 9 Describing pictures.

_____________________________________________________
______________

_
11 Summary

3. What is the conclusion of the report? Do you agree with it?


14 Posttest
_____________________________________________________
____________________
Key Terms
15

15 References
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 18

Learning Task: Reflection on Speaking Style

Given the speaking activities that you have already gone through, you should have some
grasp of your speaking style. Answer the following questions:

1. How would you describe your speaking style? Can you think of any famous person who has
the same speaking style? What can you learn from that person?
___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2. How can you improve your speaking style?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
___
3. What kind of speaker would you like to become and why?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
4. Why are visual aids important to a talk or report?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 19

Tools Needed in Critical / Creative Reports.

THE BEST PRACTICES OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

Introduction. Some speeches can be so effective they can trigger adrenaline


while other speeches, just as effective, trigger a sense of peace and calm in the midst of chaos.
Great speakers have been called hypnotic, magnetic, and charismatic, and this is not just because
they have compelling message, but because of the captivating manner they deliver these speeches,
as well.
Performance. Speeches are performances, and they are delivered best when they have the feel of
authenticity and earnestness. People respond when they think that the one speaking is being honest
and sincere, and they respond even more strongly when they feel that they can relate to the speaker
in question. Because of this sense of humor helps break the ice, and strategic shows of vulnerability
and concern can make an audience feel closer to the speaker.
Plan the Speech. It is important to express oneself in an expressive and articulate manner. It is best
to choose one’s words carefully, and to ensure that one’s speech builds on the foundations of logos,
pathos, and ethos. To come across as articulate, one must also nurture a speaking style that is
effective, and this style varies from one person to another.

Eye Contact. One way of coming across as authentic is the ability to make good eye contact with
the audience, and to speak in a manner that touches them. By doing so, you, as a speaker, are
creating ideas and understanding in the minds of the audience. Eyes wandering around is an
indication of fear and lack of confidence of the speaker.

Speaking Style. Different people have different speaking styles, and one can only find one’s
personal style through constant practice. Some people seem to be more effective when they come
across as calm, trustworthy, and reasonable, and their hand gestures seem more open and
thoughtful.

Hand Gestures. Hand gestures can create as much as an impact as the content of the speech itself.
They must always look smooth and natural, rather than a robotic or artificial. Hand gestures can
be useful signposts in making a point, such as the usual hand gestures of enumeration.

Recording the Speech for Feedback. One of the best practices in public speaking is to videotape
speakers, and then have these speakers watch themselves. They can watch for the flaws of their
performances, instead of being to dependent on the teacher or their peers when it comes to
constructive criticism.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 20

Peer Evaluation. It is important to have discerning teachers, coaches, or peers to provide feedback
when it comes to the effectivity of one’s speech. Feedback from people is important, and this will
be a great tool in improving one’s speech and one’s speaking style in general. Observations can
range from the speaker’s posture, one’s facial expressions, and one’s general appearance. This can
also be done alone with the speaker rehearsing their speech in front of a mirror.

Appearance. A person’s appearance can create or bridge communication gap. For instance, the
appearance of a job applicant speaks of himself as an evidence of personal value, attitudes and
ability. Some observers take appearances as cues and indications of care or carelessness toward
oneself.

Clothing. Traditional audiences often call for more formal clothing. For men, this would mean
donning a suit and tie at the most formal level, or at the very least, the use of long- sleeved button
-down shirts, slacks and leather shoes. In the Philippines, the use of a barong and slacks is
acceptable. For the women , a pansuit or a formal coat and skirt ensemble should suffice. In less
formal instances, a dress or blouse and skirt ( or slacks) outfit should do as well.

Visual Aid. Since we live in a world that is more dependent on information technology. It has
become a practice for audiences to expect speeches to be accompanied by visual aids such as
PowerPoint presentations, video or audio clips, and infographics. Any of these are acceptable, and
in most cases, commendable, as long as they are relevant to the topic at hand.

Handouts. It would be best to have handouts ready for one’s audience, so that they will not have
to scramble when taking notes during presentation. These would be written succinctly, and should
have appropriate citations.

Feedback. Although the speech is a performance, it is also one where its audience can participate,
often by the speaker asking rhetorical or directing actual questions to the audience. It is always
good to react to verbal and non- verbal cues from the audience, such as whether they agree with
what one is saying or whether they are resisting to certain ideas mirrored by their use of body
language. The speaker is seen more responsive and sympathetic to the audience when they modify
to the audience when they modify their speeches to match the audience’s visual cues.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 21

Describe the pictures. Apply the tools in creative report.

SUMMARY

In the end public speaking is a dynamic performance that is meant to


disseminate information, create greater awareness, and evoke emotions in the
audience. It is utilized by teachers, lawyers, politicians and the like. It has been
used effectively to promote human rights on the street and to create policies in
the government.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 22

KEY TERMS

Introduction Performance Speaking Style


Visual ids Feedback Handout
Peer Evaluation Hand Gestures Eye Contact

POSTTEST
1. Why is public speaking a performance?

2. Is a good public speaker born, not made? Or is it a mixture of both?

Explain your answer.

3. As an audience member what affects you the most when it comes to the

effectivity of a speech? What qualities of the speaker give the greatest

impression to you?

4. Do you want to be a good public speaker? Why or why not?

5. What public speaking practices do you think should be practiced more in

your school or in your class? Why?

REFERENCES

Delda, Melanie. (2020). The Tools Needed in Critical Creative Reports.

Lineclar Real (2023) Public Speaking And Reports In The Information Age
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 23

ANSWERS TO EXERCISES

Kick Off

Answers may vary

Warm Up

Answers may vary

Let”s Go

Answers may vary

Post test

Answers may vary


PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 24

Purposive
Communication
(COM101)
Janine Manicad-Libosada, MAEd
Ericson S. Caparas, LPT
Course Instructors
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 25

Corporate Culture and Communication


10
Good day!

Carol Tenny (2013) said “that people use language differently depending on social situation that
they are in.” It then zooms in on professional context, discussing the basic principles that guide
corporate and workplace communication, whether in the Philippines or in the world..

LEARNINGOBJECTIVES

Here’s what I will teach you in this course material:

1. know the principles of communication in the corporate workplace and the


importance of appropriate language in maintaining professionalism
2. gain critical thinking and writing skills to adapt their communication style
and language to different professional contexts
3. practice writing professional correspondence and basic workplace
documents in activities that simulate what happens in the real world

RESOURCES NEEDED

For this lesson, you would need the following resources:

• Title of your PowerPoint: LM and PPT week10


• Links to videos
• Links to websites
• Reference materials, tools, and equipment
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 26

Before you start, try answering the following questions.

MODULE CONTENTS

What is the importance of appropriate language in maintaining


professionalism? Explain briefly and concisely. Pre-test—Guide
4 Questions
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
5 Pre-activity--- Parallel
Sentences
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
6 Common Forms of
Professional
_____________________________________________________ A. Correspondence
Purpose. On-the job writings are usually
_____________________________________________________ done for at least one of three reasons:
_____________________________________________________
_________________________
9 Writing
B. B. Tone/ Memoradum
The Style of Professional Writi

2. What is the difference between the “You attitude and the I-


attitude”?
_______________________________________________
11 Summary

_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
14 Posttest—Working
on Parallel Stucture
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ Key Terms
_____________________________________________________ 15 /References
_______________________________________
More practice!
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 27

Read the following example sentences and revise any that do not use parallel structure.
Remember that there are many ways to revise a sentence to reflect parallel structure; if possible,
rewrite each incorrect sentence in more than one way. Some helpful hints on how to revise
sentences for parallel structure:

1) Figure out what parts of the sentence are being compared.


2) Decide whether they are parallel, i.e. arranged or constructed in the same way.
3) If they are not, make them parallel by making the grammatical construction the same in each
part

A. Purpose. On-the job writings are usually done for at least one of three
reasons:

: (a) to create/ build a record, (b) to request or provide information, (c) to persuade. As
writer, once you have determined your purpose, the next question to ask yourself is, “What
am I going to say?” Now, think of the message (or facts and ideas) you want to impart to
the reader to achieve your purpose. You may adopt the five W’ that journalists use in
structuring the opening sentence of new stories: Who, What, Where, When and Why. This
will be a fitting start of your on-the-job writing. An additional purpose is to build an
individual or company’s positive image to establish rapport- essentially to build goodwill.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 28

Communication-network patterns
a. Upward communication.
b. Lateral (Horizontal) communication.
c. Downward Communication.
d. Outward Communication.

A. Tone/ The Style of Professional Writing


Tone expresses your attitude toward a person or thing ( whether you agree or disagree, like
or dislikes, bias or accept). It is how you regard or consider the person. Some of these
professional styles are:

a.“You- attitude”/ “Reader-Oriented” – as Locker and Kienzler ( 2013) defined as a style


of writing which looks at things from the reader’s point of view, emphasizing what the
reader wants to know, respecting the reader’s intelligence, and protecting the reader’s ego.

b. Emphasis on the positive in order to build a positive image and goodwill. All
information should be stated positively, which means that there is a focus on what the
reader can do rather than on what the writer will not or cannot let the reader do. The
examples below show how positive wording appeals to the reader’s sense of cooperation and
fairness because sentences are phrased in a nonthreatening way

Exercise: Rephrase the negatively worded sentences that follow so that they
emphasize the positive. For some items, you may need to add information to revise
sentences effectively.

Negative Wording: You are not qualified to join the University Cooperative because you haven’t fulfilled
the tenure requirements.

Positive Wording:

Negative Wording: We put your case on hold because you never sent us the information we we requested in
our email sent on June 24.

Positive Wording:

Negative Wording: Until your miscellaneous fees are paid, we will consider you ineligible for enrollment.

Positive Wording:
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 29

SUMMARY
Writing is an essential skill. All jobs call for writing, from application letters to memos,
emails, tweets, blogs, websites, proposal, and reports. Through writing, communication is
possible among or between employees, managers, stakeholders, clients, and agencies.
Employees should be able to write clearly to be able to do the other requisites of the job. Writing
keeps business moving (Searles, 2014; Kolin, 2015). Workplace writing occurs for a definite
purpose, and it is intended for a particular audience. It is therefore, important that purpose and
audience be seriously considered to make sure that the tone you adopt is appropriate for the
context and the kind of writing expected of you.

KEY TERMS

Corporate Culture Upward communication. You/ I attitude

Lateral(Horizontal)communication Negative/Positive Words

Downward Communication Outward Communication

POSTTEST
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 30

REFERENCES

Enago, A. (2023) Effective Writing Skills — Parallelism and its importance in academic
writing; Enago Academy Inc.

Moxley, Joseph, M., & Staggers, Julie. (2022). Professional Writing – Style Guide.

ANSWERS TO EXERCISES

Kick Off

Answers may vary

Warm Up

Answers may vary

Let”s Go

Answers may vary

Post test
1. I like to swim, to dance and to have fun.
2. Disneyland is a place where the family can get away from their normal life.
3. Answers may vary
4. Answers may vary
5. Answers may vary
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 31

Purposive
Communication
(Com101)
Janine Manicad-Libosada, MAEd
Ericson S. Caparas, LPT
Course Instructors
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 32

The Principles of Professional Communication


Intercultural issues in workplace
11
Good day! Finally, you reach the last lesson for Prelim period. Read the learning materials then
enjoy answering the activities.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Here’s what I will teach you in this course material:

1. understand the importance of considering culture in workplace


communication in 21st century
2. identify the cultural factors that influence intercultural or cross-cultural
communication
3. apply the principles of effective intercultural communication in the
writing of professional correspondence
4. Understand that people can communicate across ethnic and cultural
differences due to the advancement of technology.
5. Learn that directness in communication fosters a smooth interpersonal
relationship

RESOURCES NEEDED

For this lesson, you would need the following resources:


• Title of your PowerPoint: LM and PPT week11
• Links to videos
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 33

MODULE CONTENTS

Before you start, try answering the following


questions.

List words associated with


Intercultural Issues in Workplace.

Pre-Activity- Listing
4 Words

5 Pre-Activity—
Decoding words

6 Intercultural Issues in
Workplace

9 Reading Essay-
Intercultural Difference

11 Summary

14 Posttest

Key Terms
15

References
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 34

I. Instructions: Decode the message. Each letter in the phrase has been replaced
with a random letter or number.

A business letter is a professional, formal letter that is sent by one company to another.
These letters can be used for professional correspondence between business
clients, employees, stakeholders, and individuals. When writing a business letter, there
are different parts; what are those?

Intercultural issues in workplace

Effective Intercultural Communication

By now, it should be clear how important it is to be culturally aware and culturally


sensitive when navigating intercultural communication. The key is to be aware of the existence
of cultural differences and managing such differences. Here two more cultural differences that
affect communication between those from the East and west, along with some suggestions as to
how to find a middle ground.

Directness and Versus Circumlocution

As mentioned earlier, brevity, clarity, and directness of communication are favored in


“American and British cultures. As Chan (1999) explains it, “this means that a message, an idea,
a request, etc. should be conveyed to the audience or recipient clearly and in as few words as
mandatory. For example, when communicating a refusal or rejection to Westerners, Asians
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 35

should avoid circumlocution or indirectness and instead, state a polite yet clear “no”. On the
other hand, a Westerner communicating with someone from Asia should be aware of the latter
culture’s valuing of interpersonal harmony or smooth interpersonal relationships (abbreviated as
SIR). For instance, when an American communicates in a typically direct way to a Filipino, this
can be viewed as too “brutally frank” an approach, according to Pescasio (1999). Pescasio
paraphrases Frank Lynch’s definition of SIR as “ a facility at getting along with others in such a
way to avoid outward signs of conflict” (Pescasio, 1999).

Guidelines on Developing Intercultural Competence

Bear in mind that “just about every person you meet belongs to a different culture in
some way” (Chase & Shamo, 2013), and whoever he may be, whatever his culture or subculture
is, and however different this culture or subculture is from yours, he deserves to be treated with
respect like the way you would want to be treated as a decent human being.

Here are some suggestions on how you can become open- minded- devoid of any
prejudices and biases against people from another culture (Chase & Shamo, 2013; Singh &
Rampersad, 2010)

1. Widen your field of experience by making new contacts. Getting to know people coming
from your targeted group whose culture differs from yours makes you understand the group and
their culture better.

2. Learn about history and experiences and aspirations of people from different cultures. Taking
a course or reading books about people of diverse cultures makes you experience their cultures
vicariously, allowing you to understand and appreciate them more.

3. Examine yourself for possible stereotypes. Stereotypes and biases result from ignorance about
the targeted group. Being fair-minded and unprejudiced makes you realize the possibility that
some of your judgements are unfair and wrong.

4.Look at the world from someone else’s way of looking at and thinking about something, not
just yours. Be emphatic; try to understand others’ perspective- how they make sense of their
world—and try to experience what and how they feel.

5.Work on becoming more self-confident. The better we feel about ourselves, the more likely we
are to feel good about others, too, and the more able we are not only to understand them but also
to learn from them.

6.Appreciate cultural similarities and differences. Use cultural resources to do this. It allows you
to understand the members of different cultural groups and helps you establish better
intercultural relationships and interactions.
7.Acknowledge the essential equality and value of all cultures. Never feel superior to people
belonging to any other cultural group, even a minority one.
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 36

8.Be sensitive and interpret cultural styles of communication. Develop the ability to understand
the communication symbols of the target culture—its verbal language, signs, gestures, body
language, and customs.

Read this Essay

Cultural Differences

1.Have you ever engaged in intercultural communication? Describe what was interesting and /or
was challenging about the experience.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why is language and culture related to each other?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why is it important for a speaker to be sensitive, recognize and accept that persons of other
cultural backgrounds have different goals, customs, traditions, thought patterns and values from
their own.? Explain briefly and concisely.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 37

SUMMARY

For intercultural communication to be effective, writers and speakers from both Eastern and
Western contexts should be familiar with these conventions. They may either adjust to the
culture and mode of address of the other or choose to not take offense because they understand
the culture that drives the linguistic convention. One final example is the effusive and sometimes
exaggerated humility displayed in the professional correspondence of Filipinos, as seen in the
phrases “your good office,” “I will be eternally grateful for your assistance”, and the ubiquitous
“more power to you.”

KEY TERMS

Directness Circumlocution Intercultural


Friendly Language Respectful Language

POSTTEST
Which of the guidelines on developing intercultural competence were you forced to follow to
better understand somebody of another culture or subculture (e.g., a foreigner, a new classmate, a
churchmate, somebody much older than you are, a member of the opposite sex). Cite this
situation and describe exactly what you did. If the strategy you applied is not among the given
guidelines, what was it that you did? Was it useful in solving your communication problem?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
PAMANTASAN NG CABUYAO |YOUR COURSE TITLE HERE 38

REFERENCES

Glowacka, Mary. (2022). 8 Ways to develop intercultural communication competencies.

Montapert, Alfred, A. (2020). Intercultural Communication.

ANSWERS
Kick Off TO EXERCISES
Answers may vary

Warm Up

The HEADING, OPENING, BODY, AND CLOSING

Let’s Go
Answers may vary

Post Test
Answers may vary

CONGRATULATIONS!!!
You have successfully accomplished your tasks and lessons in Midterm Period.
Continue learning in Final Period!

You might also like