COMPARISON THE STORY OF KHOSROW AND SHIRIN BY NEZAMI GANJAVI

& THE STORY OF PADMAVAT BY MALIK JAYASI

Erika Ananta, Nurcholis

ABSTRACK

This paper is the result of a comparative analysis of literary works between the story of
Khosrow and Shirin by Nezami Ganjavi and the story of Padmavat by Malik Jayasi. This
study aims to describe the similarities and differences in the story of Khosrow and Shirin
with the story of Padmavat. The analysis is carried out using a comparative or comparative
method which aims to compare two or more variables to obtain data on similarities and
differences between the two variables studied. The research was conducted through digital
research which took materials and data from several website sources and shows that studied
this story so as to produce historical research data. The two writers also used a historical
approach and the study of fictional romances of their time. This type of research also includes
History and Humanities research. Historical research is research that aims to study,
understand and explain past events, with the aim of gaining insight or conclusions about past
people or events. Historical data is divided into primary or secondary sources. While
humanities research studies humans from the perspective of human social and cultural
activities, and pays attention to human and social values (values of life) that live in society
and new values that are undergoing competition (competitive values).

Keywords: Story, Epic, Khosrow and Shirin, Padmavat, Romance

Introduction

Hakim Abu Muhammad Ilyas, commonly known as Nezami Ganjavi, was a 6th-
century Muslim or a famous 12th-century Persian poet. Historians are not sure about the
detailed history of his birth. But according to his work estimates, he was born between 530
AH and 540 AH, that is, between 1135 and 1145 AD.

Most researchers believe that Nezami's work cannot be judged solely by his poetry.
Because Nezami is able to tell stories in an interesting way, he explains difficult theories of
wisdom in easy-to-digest and engaging language. Nezami seems to make an effort to explain
his thoughts and beliefs especially among the general public. Nezami's work consists of three
areas: Panj Ganz, Dvan Qasidah and Ghazal, namely Karam, Ahrak and Irfan. In many of his
works, Nezami skillfully explains Karam's various viewpoints and morality in charming
language. The wisdom he describes is nothing more than that of Iran. According to Dr. belief.
Asghar Dadbeh, Nezami continues Ferdowsi's steps in taking the path to a smart Israel.

Nizami Ganjavi's work that will be examined this time is the story of Khosrow and
Shirin. The love story of a Sasanian King Khosrow II and Shirin who is an Armenian
Princess who later becomes the queen of Persia.

In addition, the development of literature and language can be seen from the
emergence of famous poets and writers, including Malik Muhammad Jayazi, a Sufi writer
who produced a major work entitled Padmaved. This work contains messages about the
virtues of the human spirit.

Malik Bin Jayasi is a Sufi who adheres to the Qistiyah order. Jayasi is also known as a
Muslim who practices and grows and learns the works of Vedanta and Kabir. Through his
work, Jayasi offers information about the inspiration of Sufi people at that time and before.
The name Jayasi is derived from 'Jayas' which was an important city in the Sharqi sultanate
of Jaun pur (in the present state of Uttar Pradesh). The city was also known as a Sufi center in
the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. However, some historians are unsure whether Jayasi was
born in Jayas or came to the city to receive religious education.

Jayasi studied with Sheikh Mubarak Shah, a Sufi follower of the Chistiyah order. He
received a diploma and received a high degree in this tarekat. In the 90s, Sanjay Gandhi and
Rajiv Gandhi also visited the grave of this Sufi poet. His followers visit Jayasi's grave for an
annual festival.

Jayasi's own writings identify two lineages of mysticism that inspired or taught him.
The first lineage is that of the Chishti Saiyid leader Ashraf Jahangir Simnani (d. 1436–37) of
the Sultanate of Jaunpur: according to tradition, Jayasi's guru was Shaykh Mubarak Shah
Bodale, who may have been a descendant of Simmani. The second lineage is that of Saiyid
Muhammad from Jaunpur (1443-1505). Jayasi's perception of this school is Syekh
Burhanuddin Ansari from Kalpi.

Jayasi composed Akhiri Kalam in 1529-30 (936 AH), during the reign of Babur. He
composed Padmavat in 1540-41 (936 AH)
In these two stories we can find many similarities, even though they come from two different
regions and eras, but we find many similarities, especially in the background and outline of
the story, these two stories also have endings or endings that are both bitter because they
maintain love. and loyalty to their partner.

The two authors also used a historical approach and studied fictional romance in their
time. This type of research also covers historical and humanities research. Historical research
is research that aims to study, understand and explain past events, with the aim of gaining
insight or conclusions about past people or events. Historical data is divided into primary or
secondary sources. While humanities research studies humans from the perspective of human
social and cultural activities, and pays attention to human and social values (life values) that
live in society and new values that are experiencing competition (competitive values).

Research question

What is the similarity from the story of khosrow and shirin by nezami ganjavi & the story of
padmavat by malik jayasi?

Research Significance

Find the similarity from the story of khosrow and shirin by nezami ganjavi & the story of
padmavat by malik jayasi?

Previous Studies

Kisah-Kisah dalam Kitab Taj al-Salatin dan Siyasatname: Kajian Komparatif by Bastian
Zulyeno. In this research, the author discuss about the same topic but the object are different.