Satellites are an important part of our ordinary lives.

For example, the information for weather

forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the
Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our international
phone calls.

Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV
programmes come to us through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use satellites to
help them find their exact location. We use satellites to send television pictures from one part
of the world to another. They are usually 35.880 kilometres above the equator. Sometimes we
can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is
moving around the world at11,000 kilometres an hour--exactly the same speed that the Earth
rotates at. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线 ) facing the Earth.
Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit, so there are little rockets on it which are used to put
the satellite back in the right position. This usually happens about every five or six days.
Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the
Earth. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years. Satellites which are broken are
sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to the Earth to be repaired.
Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time.
This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each
other.

31. Which of the following is true about satellites according to the passage?

1. They send information for weather forecast.

2. They take photographs of the Earth.
3. They send TV programmes.
4. They provide food for airplane pilots.
5. They stay in the same place.
6. They usually work for about 10-12 years.

A. 1 2 4 B. 1 3 5 C. 2 3 6 D. 2 4 6

32. What speed does the Earth rotate at?

A. 35, 880 kilometres per hour B. 264,000 kilometres each day

C. 11,000 kilometres per hour D. 430,560 kilometres each day
33. What can you infer according to this passage?

A. Satellites can help airplane pilots find their exact location.

B. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae facing the Earth.
C. Rockets on satellites are used to put the satellites in the right position
D. Old or broken satellites in space may waste energy and cause danger

Lizzie's diary from Antarctica ( 南极洲)

Day 3: Tuesday; December 2

We planned to go to Rothera that morning. We'd be staying there for the next two weeks.
Because Antarctica is the windiest place on the Earth, sometimes you can't fly at all. We had a
nervous wait over breakfast to find out if we'd be leaving that day. People have to stay in
Stanley for weeks while the pilots wait for good weather. It turned clear at 9.30 and we took
off at 10:30 on a little red plane called Dash-7. But even when we were in the air, there was
still a chance we wouldn't be able to fly the whole day.

Day 4: Wednesday; December 3

After waking up in the Antarctic for the first time today, I can understand why everybody who
comes here falls in love with the place. It is really beautiful. We're staying at Rothera Survey
base with mountains of ice all around. It’s about minus 2°C today, which for me is very cold,
but the regulars ( 繁客 ) here are often seen walking around in T-shirts!

Day 5: Thursday; December 4

I woke up to another beautiful sunny day here in the Antarctic. I'm told it's a bit colder today,
about minus 5°C, but it's not very windy so it feels warmer. Those of us who are new to the
base have to do a special training course before we're allowed to go off base to other stations
or to go snowboarding over the nearby hill.

Day 7: Saturday December 6

Not a cloud in the sky and it's warm enough to sit outside (in a jacket). The most amazing
thing about this place is how the scenery ( 风 ) changes every day. At first, I thought I was
going mad. I'd step outside in the morning and think, “I'm sure that big mountain of ice
wasn't there yesterday." It's because the sea ice is always moving -- slowly thankfully!

34. When did Lizzie get to Antarctica?

 A. On December 1. B. On December 2.
C. On December 3. D. On November 30.

35. How long will Lizzie stay in Rothera?

A. Seven days. B. Five days.

C. A week. D. Two weeks.

36. What may keep people from leaving Stanley for Rothera?

A. Strong winds. B. Bad weather.

C. Mountains of ice. D. Low temperature.

37. What impressed Lizzi most about Rothera?

A. People walked around in T-shirts though the temperature was a minus 2°C.
B. Rothera Survey base is so beautiful with mountains of ice all around.
C. Those who are new to the base have to do a special training course.
D. The scenery in Antarctica changes every day and the sea ice is moving.

You may have been told before not to be afraid of anything. Fear is often associated with
weakness. Fear is something to be avoided.

But that's not true, according to a magazine. Fear can be good for us.

Fear tells us about danger. Without fear, we wouldn't know when to run away from a tiger or
step back from a cliff.

In a study published in a journal, researchers from Michigan State University said that a
healthy fear of crime keeps teenagers away from potentially dangerous people, places, and
activities.

Fear makes us jump, scream and sweat. But interestingly, sometimes we make ourselves feel
fear on purpose. Think about scary books and movies, and also the long lines for a scary roller
coaster ride.
Margee Kerr, a sociologist, explained why to the magazine

Fear fills our brain with healthy chemical substances (化警物质), especially endorphins (内啡肤 )
and dopamine (多巴胺 ), and these things create feelings of happiness and excite us, according
to Kerr.

In addition, when you're scared, your body produces a chemical which helps people bond with
each other.

Watch people walking out of a haunted house, and you'll see lots of smiles and high fives,"
Kerr said. That also explains why schools and companies organize challenging trip; and
physical activities to build up team spirit. People experience and deal with fear in different
ways. If you happen to be a “coward” who gets scared easily, don't worry. There is some
evidence that being scared can help a person manage stressful situations.

Kerr said that things like giving a report in front of your class or performing in a school play
help build a sort of endurance ( 忍谢力 ) to fear that makes us more confident.“You become
more comfortable with the physical experience of fear, and so you're better able to work
through it during tense situations.” said Kerr. So, learn to love your fear. It only grows when
you forget how helpful your fear is trying to be.

38. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Fear is often associated with weakness and it is something to be avoided.

B. A healthy fear of crime may keep teenagers away from potential danger.
C. Scared people produce a chemical in their bodies which may bring danger.
D. People will become weaker and weaker with the physical experience of fear.

39. The underlined word “coward” in Paragraph 10 probably means “

A. a person who is weaker

B. a person who becomes frightened easily
C. a person who is in danger
D. a person who gets angry and worried easily

40. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. It teaches people how to keep away from things that could be dangerous.
B. It introduces some ways to avoid being involved in scary situations.
C. It tells the advantages of being scared by giving us some examples.
D. It helps people to know all about fear, endurance and confidence.