Chapter 1234

Republic of the Philippines
EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ

INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1
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General Mariano Alvarez, Cavite
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of education, the integration of
technology has gained prominence, opening up new avenues for
interactive learning and knowledge sharing. A noteworthy
aspect of this technological shift is the increasing
prevalence of webinars, acting as virtual platforms for
information and idea exchange. As educational institutions and
students embrace webinars, there is a pressing need to evaluate
and comprehend students' performance in organizing such
events.
An event is a large public gathering that is intended to
provide entertainment, education, promotion, or reunification.
Events can be grouped based on their magnitude, type, and
context. An event might be a social or lifecycle occasion like
a birthday party, an engagement party, a wedding, and a burial
or it can be a professional development occasion like a job

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fair, education fair, workshop, seminar, debate, and
competition.
In this context, the variables of planning, organization,
implementation, monitoring, and evaluation serve as the
fundamental pillars for assessing student performance.
Effective planning involves careful consideration of
objectives, topics, and communication strategies. Organization
entails the seamless arrangement of resources and the
provision of accessible materials, contributing to a positive
participant experience. Implementation evaluates the execution
of webinars, emphasizing engagement, time management, and
adaptability to unforeseen challenges. Monitoring includes
continuous technical oversight and responsiveness to
participant feedback, ensuring a smooth and technically sound
webinar. Lastly, evaluation focuses on transparent and
constructive feedback mechanisms, essential for refining
future performances.
Understanding the intricacies of student performance in
organizing webinars not only illuminates their adaptability
and organizational skills but also provides valuable insights

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for educational institutions seeking to enhance their virtual
learning environments. By examining these variables, this
research aims to offer a nuanced understanding of the
challenges, successes, and areas of improvement in student-
led webinar organization, ultimately contributing to the
broader discourse on the convergence of technology and
education.
This study aims to explore the complex dynamics of
student-led webinars, with a specific focus on their
competence in planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring,
and evaluating these virtual sessions. The organizational
skills and adaptability of students are crucial factors in
ensuring the success of webinars, necessitating a
comprehensive scrutiny of their performance.
Theoretical Framework
This study is based on the Technology Acceptance Model
(TAM)theory that was developed by Fred Davis in 1989 to assess
how well students embrace webinar tools and the Event
Management Cycle for a comprehensive understanding of their

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planning and evaluation performance. Where it proposes the two
key beliefs (such as usefulness and easy to use) that determine
a user’s intention to use a technology.
Assessing students' performance in coordinating webinars
may encompass elements like proficient communication,
technical skills, event organization, and engaging with the
audience.
In connection with this study, as to usefulness, it could
deliver clear value to attendees by addressing specific needs
and learning objectives meanwhile, as to easy to use, webinar
is easy to access and participate in. Such as, providing clear
instructions on registration, technology requirements, and how
to interact during the session.
Conceptual Framework
This study is guided by the model input, process, and
output (IPO) Model presented in Figure 1.

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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1.Profile of the BSOA
students in terms of: • Developed and
1.1 Age Validation of a
1.2 Sex Questionnaires
1.3General Weighted
Average
2.Performance • Re-examined the
assessment of BSOA Revised
students and faculty Questionnaires EVENT MANAGEMENT
in organizing Training Program
webinar in terms of: • Distribution and (For BSOA)
2.1 Planning Reclaimed Data
2.2 Organizing
2.3 Implementation • Analyzing and
2.4 Monitoring Interpretation
2.5 Evaluation of Collected
3.Significant Data
difference in the
assessment of two • Development of
groups of Student Training
respondents on the Program
performance of BSOA
students in
organizing webinar.
Family Status; 2.2 Feedback
Workplace Environment;
2.3 Compensation and
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the study
Benefits; 2.4 Career
Growth; and 2.5
Opportunities?2.1
It shows Family
the study of performance of BSOA students in
Status; 2.2 Workplace
organizing webinar basis for Event Management Training.
Environment; 2.3
Compensation
The inputsand
of this study are the profile of the BSOA
Benefits; 2.4 Career
students
Growth; in
andterms
2.5of age, sex and general weighted average and
Opportunities?
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the assessment on the performance of respondents in organizing
webinar as assessed by faculty and students in terms of
planning, organizing, implementation, monitoring and
evaluation. Also, the significant difference in the assessment
of two groups of respondents on the performance of BSOA
students in organizing webinar.
The process includes developed and validation of a
questionnaires, re-examined the revised questionnaires,
distribution and reclaimed data analyzing and interpretation
of collected data and development of student training program.
The output is an Event Management Training for BSOA
students that can be practiced in school for the enhancement
of performance in organizing webinars.
Statement of the Problem
Specifically, the study seeks to provide answers to the
following sub-questions:
1. What is the profile of the BSOA students in terms of:
1.1 Age;
1.2 Sex; and

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1.3 General Weighted Average?
2. How do the BSOA faculty and students assess the performance
in organizing webinar in terms of:
2.1 Planning;
2.2 Organizing;
2.3 Implementation;
2.4 Monitoring; and
2.5 Evaluation?
3. Is there significant difference in the assessment of two
groups of respondents on the performance of BSOA students in
organizing webinar?
4. Based on findings, what Event Management Training may be
proposed?
Hypothesis
There is no significant difference in the assessment of
two groups of respondents on the performance of BSOA students
in organizing webinar.
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Scope and Limitations
This study covers the assessment of performance in
organizing webinar. It includes the profile information such
as age, gender, and general weighted average. Also the
performance in organizing webinar in terms of planning,
organizing, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation. As
well as the difference in the assessment of the two groups of
respondents, the faculty and students.
On the other hand, the respondents are the fourth-year
BSOA students of EARIST Cavite Campus who took event management
subject. The study focuses on the assessment of performance of
BSOA students with regards to planning, organizing,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation of a webinar.
Significance of the study
This study focuses on the performance assessment of
faculty and BSOA students in organizing webinar. It is

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beneficial and had significant knowledge that can be used as
basic reference to the following:
Students. This study will be beneficial to the students
as it gives them more knowledge about organizing events like
webinar. As performances are assessed, this research provides
students opportunities to be trained and skilled in managing
an event.
Participants. It will be beneficial to the respondents
with the ideas that this study may offer and could enhance
their organizational skills. Also, it could contribute the
knowledge in evaluating events that they might be part with.
Future Researchers. The study can be used as a reference
with the same subject and other variables and will be helpful
to future researchers in guiding a similar research project.
Professors. This study will be beneficial among
professors in the purpose of adding more strategies
encouraging students to participate in various activities
related in event management.

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School. This study will be beneficial among schools that
offer an event management training program in the purpose of
considering performance in the subject in order to enhance the
knowledge and skills of the undergraduates.
Definition of Terms
For a better understanding of this study, the following
term is defined to provide a common frame of reference:
Competencies refer to the specific skills, abilities, and
knowledge that individuals or teams need to possess to
effectively plan, organize, and execute the event.
Evaluation refers to the process of assessing and
analyzing the various aspects and outcomes of an event to
determine its overall success and effectiveness. Also it is
crucial as it provides valuable insights into the event's
performance, identifies strengths and weaknesses, and helps
inform future decision-making for similar events.

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Event an event is a planned social gathering or an
occasion that is organized by any individual or a group of
people to celebrate any particular happening or for the purpose
of cherishing that moment with others.
Event Concept is the event details and elements that make
up the practical aspects of the event itself. Also it is the
starting place from where the event design comes to life and
visualizes the main idea or theme that guides your decisions
on everything
Event Management Application of project management to
the creation and development of small of large-scale personal
or corporate events such as festivals, ceremonies, weddings,
formal parties, concerts or conventions.
Event Organizer a person who plan, manage, organize and
coordinates all aspects of an event from the initial concept
to final execution.
Execution refers to the process of implementing the
carefully planned strategies and logistical arrangements to
bring the event to life successfully. It involves putting all

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the pre-event preparations into action and managing various
on-site activities during the event itself.
Implementation refers to the phase where the plans and
strategies devised during the event planning process are put
into action. It involves the actual execution and management
of all the tasks and activities necessary to bring the event
to life.
Monitoring refers to the ongoing process of observing and
overseeing various aspects of the event to ensure its smooth
execution and adherence to the established plans and
objectives.
Organizing refers to the systematic and detailed
planning, coordination, and management of various elements and
resources to ensure the successful execution of the event.
Planning refers to the process of creating a
comprehensive and detailed roadmap for the successful
execution of the event. It involves identifying goals,
defining strategies, and making decisions regarding all

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aspects of the event to ensure that it runs smoothly and
achieves its intended objectives.
Training refers to the process of educating and preparing
event staff, volunteers, and other involved personnel to
effectively carry out their roles and responsibilities during
the event. Also it is essential to ensure that everyone
involved is equipped with the necessary skills, knowledge, and
understanding of event-specific procedures, protocols, and
objectives
Venues A venue is a physical space where an event takes
place. It can be a hotel, park, or any other space that can
accommodate a group of people. In event management, the venue
is one of the most critical elements that can impact the
success of an e
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CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Local Literature
As discussed by Ballesteros (2021), in the Philippines,
a large number of event management businesses shut down. Those
who remain are in difficulty. Physical events have not
materialized despite more than a year of lockdown and strict
government regulations. This is the primary driver behind the
acceptance and expansion of virtual events. According to the
most recent poll conducted by the Center for Exhibition
Industry Research, 88% of Global Events Management Executives
intend to continue offering virtual events as a service. Some
event management businesses are prospering in the Philippines
as a result of virtual event management. Industry companies
are slowly learning the necessary expertise to offer virtual
event management (Ballesteros, 2021).
Lasco (2021) mentioned the benefits and challenges in
conducting webinars. Presenters can now be located anywhere in
the world thanks to webinars, which has freed us from

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geographical limitations. However, several webinar organizers
are unaware of how time- and effort-consuming they can actually
be. Beyond the actual webinar, presenters are required to
participate in "dry runs," record pre-recordings, and of
course, prepare presentations. This means that webinars
require just as much time, if not more, than in-person
presentations, but they frequently lack the benefits of the
latter (such as the opportunity to fly and stay in a beautiful
hotel). Organizers of webinars face the difficulty of making
sure that presenters are fairly compensated for their time and
are not subjected to undue inconvenience.
According to Cailles (2020), anticipating the needs and
preferences of those attending is the key to organizing a
successful online event. It would be challenging to satisfy
such a broad demographic, even though the type of event you're
organizing might already be sufficient to identify who would
be in attendance. Consequently, ensure that the demands of the
audience have been considered before granting permission for
any keynote speaker to speak. Understanding fundamental

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details like the demographics of your target audience is
crucial.
Andrada and Mehta (2020) pointed out that the performance
of a webinar not living up to expectations is one of the worst
things that can happen to a business. Because this can harm a
company's reputation, companies are always looking for new and
creative ways to keep attendees interested and provide them
value for their money and/or time when attending a webinar.
Increasing interest in the webinar is crucial, particularly if
you've previously seen low attendance. Pamphlet distribution
is one way that these initiatives ought to be carried out both
offline and online. Plan the webinar so that it facilitates
knowledge sharing, practical guidance, and problem-solving for
participants. Through this, you may establish credibility with
your clients and establish your brand as an authority in the
field. Although an hour may not seem like a long time for a
webinar, it can be challenging to keep participants hooked to
the screen for so long. They need to be presented with
interesting content that is pertinent to their interests if

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they are to pay close attention, engage, and stay engaged
throughout.
In an article entitled “UST on Virtual Mode: Online event
protocols, best practices highlighted at OPA webinar” (2022),
analyzed a Zoom webinar hosted on October 20, 2021,
demonstrated this, and it was organized by the Office of the
Secretary-General in collaboration with the UST Office of
Public Affairs (OPA). The speaker for the evening was Mr. Ron
F. Jabal, APR, the chief executive officer of PageOne Group.
He is a distinguished worldwide communications professional
with 25 years of experience in stakeholder interactions,
public relations, and marketing communications. He gave
examples and studies to the audience, having managed hybrid
and online events during the previous 18 months. Focusing more
on pre-event promotion was one of his suggestions. Invitations
and phone calls were frequently utilized in the pre-pandemic
era to arrange live events and draw in the intended attendance.
Online events lack the "rapport-building" techniques of touch
or eye contact, and attendees may become sidetracked by
activities going on nearby at home or elsewhere. He advised

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including entertaining elements like games, quizzes, and
trivia questions in order to hold viewers' interest. After
that, he proposed giving out or awarding "swag," or tokens
associated with the event or company. More importantly, Jabal
informed the attendees that in order to break up the monotony
of the online event, movies or other presentation assets, like
Mentimeter, would be greatly appreciated.
Foreign Literature
An article titled “How to Become a Successful Event
Manager in 2024” (2024) tells that, to become successful event
manager it requires grit, resilience, and a unique superpower
of working under pressure. Despite that, it's a lifetime job
for many. It can take you to many places and involves multiple
tasks that keep you on your toes. Strictly in the business
space, event management professionals focus on all aspects of
the event, from start to finish. Events such as conferences,
trade shows, workshops, seminars, webinars, meetings, gala
dinners, and product promotions and launches, are educational
and hosted to generate leads or build a relationship between

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the brand and its customers. Event planning or management
involves several or all these tasks: Finding a venue, designing
an event stage and venue props, arranging for catering and
entertainment, planning event logistics such as equipment,
accommodation, and transportation, sending invites to
attendees and promoting the event, engaging attendees during
the event, and collecting post-event feedback and analyzing
event performance and calculating the ROI.
As explained by Wanichko (2023), Webinars have grown in
popularity as a marketing strategy since they captivate
audiences and promote business expansion. On the other hand,
successful webinar implementation necessitates meticulous
preparation. Putting together a PowerPoint presentation is not
enough. A well-thought-out plan and great attention to detail
are necessary to produce a webinar that truly impresses. A
great webinar needs to be meticulously planned and organized,
with a little bit of innovation thrown in as well as perfect
timing. utilizing a thorough chronology, an attention-grabbing
headline, aesthetically pleasing material, and well-placed
CTAs.
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According to Go (2021) Organizing a successful webinar
requires not just preparation in advance but also execution on
the day of the event. You can devote all of your resources to
developing a webinar plan, but an event lacks execution.
A nervous host or speaker who arrives late, struggles to
welcome visitors, or is unsure about who gets to speak next is
something that no one likes to witness. And let's not even
talk about the technological issues that arise when there are
no rehearsals. You may work out the bugs and avoid webinar
mistakes by using a straightforward yet methodical webinar
implementation procedure.
According to Birt (2022) Planning webinars can assist
businesses in presenting knowledge in an interesting and
practical manner. Rather than relying just on written research
findings, they can engage directly with their audiences in a
conference atmosphere by hosting webinars, or web-based
seminars. A convenient and inexpensive method of sharing
information over long distances is through webinars. They
frequently include visual displays, chat and video
communication, as well as the ability to access other

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resources. They can be used for industry conferences,
outreach, training, teaching, and sales presentations.
In an article “Effective Event Management: The Key to
Business Success” (2023) stated that businesses can
communicate with their audience virtually from any location by
using webinars, a popular method of virtual event management.
In addition to being affordable and simple to plan, they may
assist companies in expanding their customer base.
Identification of your target audience, content planning,
platform selection, and event promotion are some strategies
for running a successful webinar.
Local Studies
Based on the study in Naval Biliran, Philippines by Ba
ason M., Pabilando R., and Pitao D. in 2022, anyone with a
passion for organizing and managing events can pursue a unique
professional path in the exciting and developing field of event
planning and organization, which includes concerts,
conventions, parties, weddings, and other gatherings. This
study is descriptive in nature. In order to evaluate the

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demographics of the respondents and the difficulties of event
management, this paper took a descriptive method. The goal of
this study was to examine the many difficulties faced by event
management during the COVID-19 epidemic. It was revealed that
the majority of the respondents experienced problems in event
management. Therefore, it is highly recommended that the event
management or the organizer should collaborate with the LGU
whatever events they have made as an approval or legality of
the events and adapt social measures given to form the local
health offices as their guidelines to follow. What is important
there is the safety and security of the customers.
According to the study of Florendo et al., in 2020,
emphasize the significance of event management and the need
for a methodical approach to event planning and execution. The
authors offer a framework for managing events that stresses
iterative development and ongoing improvement, which they
believe are crucial for guaranteeing an event's success. The
model proposed by the authors consists of five phases:
analysis, planning, marketing, production, and evaluation. The
analysis phase involves gathering information about the event,

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such as the purpose of the event, the target audience, and the
budget. The planning phase involves developing a detailed plan
for the event, including the schedule, the budget, and the
logistics. The marketing phase involves promoting the event to
the target audience. The production phase involves executing
the plan and making sure that the event runs smoothly. The
evaluation phase involves assessing the success of the event
and making recommendations for improvement. The authors
contend that their methodology is a more effective and
efficient means of event planning and execution than
conventional techniques. They contend that the agile scrum
methodology promotes greater adaptability and flexibility,
both of which are necessary for overcoming unforeseen
difficulties that may appear during the preparation and
execution of an event.
Garcia and Santos (2021) mentioned that, in the
Philippines, students' performance in organizing webinars is
recognized as vital for event management training. They
conducted a case study to evaluate how student participation
impacts webinar organization within event management

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education. Their study assessed students' abilities in
planning, executing, and evaluating webinars and highlighted
students' development of organizational skills during the
planning phase, including scheduling and task delegation.
Additionally, students demonstrated effective leadership in
guiding team members and resolving conflicts during webinar
implementation.
The researcher (Daenos, Bognot, & Celis, 2021) study
impact of a challenges and strategies to the new normal. The
study's findings are used to establish the problems and effects
of webinars on the new normal of education. Both qualitative
and quantitative research methods are used in this study. The
webinar attendees are drawn from all throughout the
Philippines. The number of participants in each webinar varied
from 150 to 500 at most. They work for basic education
providers (junior and senior high schools) as well as public
and private institutions of higher learning. The information
was interpreted using documentary analysis, observation,
interviews, and descriptive statistics. The webinar topics
were deemed relevant based on the findings. The degree to which

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the webinars' content aligned with their stated goals; the
duration of the webinars; the time allotted for discussion;
the interaction between participants and the speakers; the
depth with which the topic was covered; and the pace at which
the webinars were delivered. The ideas that were introduced
were very helpful, and they learned enough about pedagogy,
resource-based learning, and instructional design. They also
picked up new skills that were appropriate, and they discovered
new sources of information and skills that are helpful when
teaching.
Alvarez and Corguera (2021) declared that emergency
remote education has replaced in-person instruction,
particularly in the Philippine education sector. Since most
educators are trained in and products of traditional teaching
and learning environments, the question is dependent on this
setting. The idea of switching to webinars has also been seen
as a way for educators to continue participating in continuous
professional development even at a distance, given the urgency
with which emergency remote education must be implemented and
the prohibitions placed on in-person in-service trainings,

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seminars, and workshops. Research regarding instructors'
experiences with webinars during this uncertain period is
likewise sadly lacking. Therefore, this study examines how in-
service training webinars address and assist higher education
teachers in adjusting to the abrupt change in the educational
situation through the use of qualitative case study research.
Significantly, this study revealed three main themes:
adaptability in pursuing lifetime learning activities,
receptiveness to different methods of delivering in-service
training, and a strong desire to enhance digital literacy
abilities. The ultimate section of the research presents the
overall results and their implications for emergency remote
schooling.
Foreign Studies
Kaur and Singh (2021) investigated the impact of webinar
organization on students' critical thinking skills and they
discovered that students who organized webinars showed
significantly better critical thinking than those who neither
organized nor attended webinars organized by others. According

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to the author, preparing and conducting webinars gives
students the chance to practice critical thinking abilities as
they conduct research and arrange the webinar and event.
The research "The Future of Event Management: A Research
Agenda" (2022) by Getz, Andersson, and Carlsen examines the
future of event management in the context of the COVID-19
pandemic and the development of digital technologies. The
report outlines five major themes that will impact event
management in the future: the emergence of hybrid events, the
growing importance of digital technology, the demand for
personalization, and the emphasis on experiential learning.
Research on the future of event management is encouraged by
the study's conclusion. The authors contend that study is
required to assist event planners in comprehending the
difficulties and opportunities the sector faces. They also
contend that research is necessary to support the creation of
fresh and creative event management strategies by event
planners. The study is a useful tool for scholars, event
planners, and anybody else curious in the future of the event
management sector. The report offers a thorough analysis of

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the major factors influencing the direction of event
management. Additionally, it points out areas that want
further investigation.
Recent research (Hajriyanti, Ismail, Salam, & Syafrinal,
2022) emphasized the need for a service application with survey
elements, such as registration, attendance tracking, and
certificate generation, that may help with the management of
webinar activities. In this later application stage, users
(committees, organizations) can complete webinar activities
and suggest surveys for every activity completed. CodeIgniter
and React-Js are utilized by the researchers to build survey
applications and event management systems for webinars, as
well as Agile Development Methods (ASD) in software
development. As part of the test, we intend to separate the
data analysis into three sections: Validity, Data Processing
Analysis, Reliability Test Results Analysis, and Demographic
Analysis Results. Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) is a
component of data processing analyses. Though webinar
management apps without survey services have not yet been
implemented, webinar management applications with survey

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services in an application have so far fully satisfied needs
such creating multiple multimedia questions and exchanging
research results. More visually appealing apps that can manage
webinar activities and survey reporting, reporting
participants for each activity conducted, are anticipated to
result from the development of research on webinar and survey
management applications. Based on the results, the average
level of expectation or importance for usability is 3.97, and
the average level of performance is 3.68, the level of
performance has an average value of 3.70, while the degree of
expectation or importance for information quality has an
average value of 4.07. The level of performance has an average
value of 3.7 and the degree of expectation or importance for
service contact has an average value of 3.94.
Gupta and Sengupta (2021) mentioned that a useful method
for promoting diversity in education is the webinar, which
increases outreach and accessibility. Consequently, India has
a great chance for webinars. Views expressed by students on
many areas of webinar integration in higher education are
presented in this research is investigated, and statistical

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analysis is conducted on these opinions. Questionnaires are
used to compile the perceptions of the pupils who are being
studied. The findings show that even while students know how
to use computers, they are not aware of webinars. The
characteristics that influence students' opinions about the
use of webinars in higher education in the near future—such as
age, gender, geography, educational stream, laptop and mobile
access, YouTube access, webinar experience, and educational
infrastructure—are demonstrated through the use of logistic
regression. Through a rating procedure of their interest,
researchers have also determined the order in which the
students prefer certain variables, such as webinars for
further education. This preference probability is not
consistent across the responders, as the intermediate test
demonstrates.
Mohalik and Poddar (2020) study the efficacy of online
workshops and webinars amid the COVID-19 outbreak. The data
from 210 respondents from various institutes and locations in
India was gathered using an online survey method. A technique
called purposeful sampling was applied. Scholars have employed

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custom-designed questionnaires containing both closed-and
open-ended items. Subsections such as participant preparation
and purpose, organizational factors, resource person
effectiveness, instructional design and delivery, learning
outcomes and feedback, and respondents' reflections on online
programs comprise the analysis section, which has been broken
into smaller sections by the researchers. The study found that
prior understanding of themes and ICT tools and applications
(86%), as well as prior knowledge of these topics, are critical
for comprehending online programs. The majority of respondents
(76%) claimed to have participated in the online program
related to their area of expertise. Yet, 68% of viewers find
long-running programs boring. It is discovered that the main
issues are location and internet access. The study found that
the organizers are doing a good job with online registration,
theme selection, timely e-certificate delivery, and
distributing the resource person's learning materials and
powerpoint presentation to attendees, among many other things.
However, a weakness is the poor technical performance on the
part of the organizers (64%). According to the study, 71% of

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participants stated that resource people needed to be
proficient in both technology and subject matter. According to
42% of respondents, resource people are knowledgeable about
the subject matter but lack technical proficiency. One
advantage is that 74% of resource personnel use power point
slides when giving lectures. The study's most noteworthy
finding is that 81% of respondents thought that this online
program has changed the educational landscape in the post-
pandemic era. Some advantages of online programs include being
cost-effective (56%), fostering collaboration and discussion-
based learning (67%), allowing participants to apply knowledge
gained in the workplace (81%), making task preparation and
submission simple (59%), and facilitating effective learning
in practical and skill-based subjects (53%).
Synthesis
Lasco (2021) mentioned that several webinar organizers
are unaware of how time- and effort-consuming they can actually
be. Beyond the actual webinar, presenters are required to
participate in "dry runs," record pre-recordings, and of

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course, prepare presentations which means that webinars
require just as much time, if not more, than in-person
presentations, but they frequently lack the benefits of the
latter (such as the opportunity to fly and stay in a beautiful
hotel). Organizers of webinars face the difficulty of making
sure that presenters are fairly compensated for their time and
are not subjected to undue inconvenience. As explained by
Wanichko (2023), successful webinar implementation
necessitates meticulous preparation. Putting together a
PowerPoint presentation is not enough. A well-thought-out plan
and great attention to detail are necessary to produce a
webinar that truly impresses. A great webinar needs to be
meticulously planned and organized, with a little bit of
innovation thrown in as well as perfect timing, utilizing a
thorough chronology, an attention-grabbing headline,
aesthetically pleasing material, and well-placed CTAs. In an
article “Effective Event Management: The Key to Business
Success” (2023) stated that identification of your target
audience, content planning, platform selection, and event
promotion are some strategies for running a successful

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webinar. Garcia and Santos (2021) mentioned that their study
assessed students' abilities in planning, executing, and
evaluating webinars and highlighted students' development of
organizational skills during the planning phase, including
scheduling and task delegation. Additionally, students
demonstrated effective leadership in guiding team members and
resolving conflicts during webinar implementation. The
researcher (Daenos, Bognot, & Celis, 2021) study the webinar
topics were deemed relevant based on the findings. The degree
to which the webinars' content aligned with their stated goals;
the duration of the webinars; the time allotted for discussion;
the interaction between participants and the speakers; the
depth with which the topic was covered; and the pace at which
the webinars were delivered. A webinar implementation includes
a lot of effort and a webinar event management process to
perform to be able to ensure the webinar’s success.

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CHAPTER 3
Methodology
This chapter provides information about the methods of
research used, population frame and sample size, methods of
collecting the data, respondents and subjects of the study,
development of the research instrument, sampling design and
statistical treatment of data.
Research Design
This study utilizes descriptive method of research.
covering the demographic profile and the performance
assessment of BSOA 4th year students of EARIST Cavite Campus
School Year 2022-23. The design is defined as a research method
that collected factual information to describe existing
phenomena. It systematically described the situation or the
interest factually and accurately. It allowed the researchers
to carefully describe and understand the behavior of the study.
In this study, the performance of BSOA 4th year students
in organizing webinar will be determined. This also assists

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the researchers to determine the challenges that each
respondent encountered in terms of organizing webinar.
Population and Sampling
Table 1 shows the total number of enrolled students from
BSOA fourth year students and BSOA faculty of EARIST Cavite
Campus. The researchers used the purposive sampling technique
method based on the field of expertise of the professors which
was considered for this study. The population and sampling
method was used in getting the sample size of the students.
Since the respondents are very cooperative, the researchers
able to get the 100% participation of the BSOA students and
described in Table 1.
Table 1
Population and Sample Size of the respondents
BSOA Student Population Sample Size Percentage

YR. 2022-23 (N) (n) (%)
BSOA IV 106 106 100
BSOA Faculty 2 2 100
TOTAL 108 108

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From Table 1, a total of 106 or 100 percent from the
fourth year BSOA students and 2 or 100 percent from the BSOA
faculty were taken to participate in this study.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study were BSOA 4th year students
and BSOA Faculty, only 2 faculties who instruct the Event
Management subject and only 106 in BSOA 4TH year students in
Eulogio “AMANG” Rodriguez Institute of Science and Technology
Cavite Campus School Year 2022-2023 were involved in this study.
Table 2
Distribution of respondents as to sample
BSOA Student Sample Size Percentage

YR. 2022-23 (n) (%)
BSOA IV 106 98.1
BSOA Faculty 2 1.9
TOTAL 108 100
Table 2 presents with the total of 108 sample size. One
hundred six or 98.1 percent BSOA IV students, two or 1.9
percent were BSOA faculty were involved in this study.

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Research Instrument
The researchers used two sets of survey questionnaire as
major instrument of data collection, which is composed of two
parts. The first part consists of demographic profile of the
respondents whereas the second part is the assessment on the
performance of the respondents in terms of organizing webinar.
For a better understanding of the quantitative form of
the description, the following scales are used:
Scale Range Verbal Interpretation
5 ( 4.50 – 5.00 ) Outstanding
4 ( 3.50 – 4.49 ) Very Satisfactory
3 ( 2.50 – 3.49 ) Satisfactory
2 ( 1.50 – 2.49 ) Least Satisfactory
1 ( 1.00 – 1.49 ) Needs Improvement
Data Gathering Procedures
The needed data in this study follows the following
gathering procedures:
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1. The researchers gathered literature and other sources
from local and foreign to give the consistency in
developing the survey questionnaire.
2. The survey questionnaire was validated by the three
experts in the field of event management.
3. The researchers re-examined the questionnaire and made
a revised analyzing and acknowledging the validation
from the evaluators and checked by the thesis adviser.
4. The survey questionnaire was given to the respondents
through physical survey, after the completion the
gathered data were submitted to the statistician and
reclaim after.
5. The analysis and interpretation of the collected data
were done by the researchers after retrieving the
statistics.
Statistical treatment of data
The following statistical techniques and methods were
used in analyzing the data:

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1. The Percentage was used to determine and describe the
part of a whole respondent.
The percentage:
𝑓
P= * 100
𝑛
Where: P = Percentage
f = Frequency of Respondents
n = Number of Respondents
2. The Weighted Mean to answer the sub-problem number 2,
weighted mean is used to describe the assessment on the
performance of the respondents in terms of organizing
webinar.
𝛴𝑓𝑥
Formula: 𝑥̃ = 𝑁
Where: 𝑥̅ = Weighted average or Weighted Mean
𝛴 = “sum of”
𝛴𝑓𝑥 = Summation of all numbers
N = Total no. of respondents
3. The T-test was applied on the significant difference in
the assessment of the two groups of respondents on the
performance of BSOA students in organizing webinar.

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The following formula was used:
̅̅̅̅
X1 − ̅̅̅̅
X2
t =
𝑆 2𝑆 2
√ 1 + 2
𝑁1 𝑁2
Where: t = the t test
X1 = mean of the first group
X2 = mean of the second group
𝑆12 = variance of the first group
𝑆22 = variance of the second group
𝑁1 = number of respondents in the first group
𝑁2 = number of respondents in the second group

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CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data
The data gathered from the questionnaires were organized
and presented in this chapter based on the statement of the
problems in Chapter 1.
Sub-problem No.1. What is the profile of BSOA Students in
terms of:
1.1 Age;
Table 3
Profile of BSOA Students in terms of Age
Age Frequency Percent Rank
Below 21 years old 5 4.7 3
22-23 years old 84 79.2 1
24-25 years old 15 14.2 2
26 years old and above 2 1.9 4
Total 106 100.0
The table 3 shows that majority of BSOA students belong
to Aged 22-23 got a frequency of 84 with a 79.2 percentage

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rank 1, aged 24-25 got a frequency of 15 with a 14.2 percentage
rank 2, aged below 21 years old got a frequency of 5 with a
4.7 percentage rank 3, while the age 26 years old and above
got a lowest rate with a frequency of 2 or 1.9 percentage rank
4.
1.2 Sex
Table 4
Profile of BSOA Students in terms of Sex
Sex Frequency Percent Rank
Male 16 15.1 2
Female 90 84.9 1
Total 106 100.0
The table 4 shows that majority of BSOA students who
responded is female with a frequency of 90 and 84.9 percentage
rank 1 while a frequency of male is only 16 with a percentage
of 15.1 rank 2.
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1.3 General Weighted Average?
Table 5
Profile of BSOA Students in terms of GWA
General Weighted Average Frequency Percent Rank
1.00-1.50 4 3.8 3
1.75-2.00 75 70.8 1
2.25-2.50 26 24.5 2
2.75-3.00 1 .9 4
Total 106 100.0
The table 5 shows that majority of BSOA students got a
General Weighted Average of 1.75-2.00 with a frequency of 75
with a 70.8 percentage rank 1, 2.25-2.50 got a frequency of 26
with a 24.5 percentage rank 2, 1.00-1.50 got a frequency of 4
with a 3.8 percentage rank 3, while the 2.75-3.00 got a lowest
rate with a frequency of 1 or .9 percentage rank 4.
Sub-problem No.2.How do the BSOA faculty and students
assess the performance in organizing the webinar in terms of:
2.1 Planning
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Table 6
Assessment of BSOA Students and Faculty on the Performance in
Organizing Webinar
BSOA BSOA V
Indicators Composite
Students VI Faculty VI I Rank
Mean
WM WI I
1. The main vision,
mission, goals, and 4.19 S 3.50 S 3.84 S 4
objectives of the
webinar are set
clearly.
2. The master 4.21 S 4.50 S 4.35 S 2

schedule, requirements
of each task are planned.
3. The estimated time for 4.27 S 5.00 S 4.64 S 1

each activity are
followed.
4. The selection of a
reliable webinar
platform that suits the
accessibility of the 4.25 S 4.00 S 4.12 S 3
target audience. (Zoom,
Google Meet, and
Facebook Live).
5.The organizer plan is

specific and measurable 4.16 S 3.50 S 3.83 S 5
to provide a basis for
monitoring and
evaluation.
Average Weighted Mean 4.22 S 4.10 S 4.16 S
Legend: 4.50-5.0= Outstanding (O)

3.50-4.49= Very Satisfactory(VS)
2.50-3.49= Satisfactory(S)
1.50-2.49=Least Satisfactory(LS)
1.0-1.49= Needs Improvement(NI)
WM=Weighted Mean
CM=Composite Mean
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Table 6 shows the indicators referring to assessment of
performance of two (2) groups of respondents as to planning a
webinar. As showed, the Students (AWM= 4.22) has verbal
interpretation “satisfactory”. The assessment to the
indicators is verbally interpreted “satisfactory”, these are:
The estimated time for each activity are followed (WM= 4.27)
as rank 1, the master schedule, requirements of each task are
planned (WM= 4.21) as rank 2, the selection of a reliable
webinar platform that suits the accessibility of the target
audience. (Zoom, Google Meet, and Facebook Live) (WM= 4.25) as
to rank 3, the main vision, mission, goals, and objectives of
the webinar are set clearly (WM= 4.19) as to rank 4, and the
organizer plan is specific and measurable to provide a basis
for monitoring and evaluation (WM= 4.16) as to rank 5.
On the other hand, the average weighted mean or (AVM) of
Faculty is 4.10 which has a verbal interpretation of
“satisfactory”. Moreover, the assessment to the indicators is
verbally interpreted as “satisfactory”. These are: The
estimated time for each activity are followed (WM= 5.00), the
master schedule, requirements of each task are planned (WM=

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4.50), the selection of a reliable webinar platform that suits
the accessibility of the target audience. (Zoom, Google Meet,
and Facebook Live) (WM= 4.00), the main vision, mission, goals,
and objectives of the webinar are set clearly (WM= 3.50), and
the organizer plan is specific and measurable to provide a
basis for monitoring and evaluation (WM= 3.50).
Furthermore, the composite mean (AWM= 4.16) has the
verbal interpretation of “satisfactory”.
According to Hunter (2023), creating a successful webinar
involves meticulous planning, including aspects like topic
selection, identifying the target audience, scheduling, and
more. It's crucial to define objectives, choose a relevant
topic and speaker, pick a suitable date and time, select an
appropriate platform, promote the webinar, and prepare the
content thoroughly. Ultimately, effective planning is key to
achieving a rewarding webinar experience, with each step
contributing to its success.

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2.2 Organizing
Table 7
Organizing Webinar
BSOA BSOA
Students VI Faculty VI VII Rank
Mean
WM WI
1. The groups appoint 4.08 S 4.50 S 4.29 S 1

themselves in accordance
to their capabilities.
2. Ensure that the 4.12 S 3.50 S 3.81 S 2

webinar comply all the
necessary requirements
(approval sheet, other
permits).
3. Settled agreements 4.03 S 3.50 S 3.76 S 3
with guest speaker in
regards with the webinar.
4. Make necessary 4.01 S 3.00 S 3.50 S 5
actions to ensure the
organizers established a
clear promotional plan
strategy encouraging the
target participants join
the webinar (online
posters or
announcements).
5.The groups conducted 4.12 S 3.00 S 3.56 S 4
dry-run to secure the
smooth detailed process
of the program.
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two (2) groups of respondents as to organizing a webinar. As
showed on the table the Students (AWM= 4.07) has verbal
interpretation “satisfactory”. These are: the groups appoint
themselves in accordance to their capabilities. (WM= 4.08),
ensure that the webinar complied all necessary requirements
(approval sheet, other permits) (WM= 4.12), settled agreements
with guest speaker in regards with the webinar. (WM= 4.03),
the groups conducted dry-run to secure the smooth detailed
process of the program. (WM= 4.12), the organizers established
a clear promotional plan strategy encouraging the target
participants join the webinar (online posters or
announcements). (WM= 4.01).
On the other hand, the Faculty (AWM= 3.50) has verbal
interpretation “satisfactory”. In the table it showed that,
the groups appoint themselves in accordance to their
capabilities ranked as 1 with the (WM=4.50), however, the
lowest indicator has WM=3.00 which is the organizers
established a clear promotional plan strategy encouraging the

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target participants join the webinar (online posters or
announcements).
As discusses by Malik (2023) organizing virtual events
and webinars can present challenges, yet mastering this skill
is highly sought after. Remote coordinators adept at this are
assets to any organization. Such events offer a means to engage
a global audience, educate customers, and drive leads.
However, effective organization requires careful selection of
the event platform, crafting a comprehensive agenda, promoting
the event, coordinating with speakers and sponsors, and
conducting thorough rehearsals.

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2.3 Implementation
Table 8
Organizing Webinar
BSOA BSOA
Mean
WM WI
1. Manage webinar 4.07 S 3.50 S 3.78 S 4.5
arrangement (in terms of
technical support, audio
and visual elements and,
internet connectivity).
2. The organizers provide 4.14 S 4.00 S 4.07 S 2

a brief overview about the
agendas and introduced
speaker, highlighting their
expertise.
3. The speaker provides 4.30 S 4.00 S 4.15 S 1

depth knowledge about the
selected topic.
4. Smoothly delivered 4.28 S 3.50 S 3.89 S 3

webinar sessions from one
topic to another.
5. The group incorporates 4.06 S 3.50 S 3.78 S 4.5
activities and quick
exercises that participants
did during the break that
maintain their alertness.
two (2) groups of respondents as to implementation of a

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webinar. As showed on the table the Students (AWM= 4.17) has
verbal interpretation “satisfactory”. The assessment to the
indicators is verbally interpreted “satisfactory”. These are:
The speaker provides a depth knowledge about the selected topic (WM=
4.30), The organizers provide a brief overview about the agendas
and introduced speaker, highlighting their expertise (WM= 4.14),
Smoothly delivered webinar sessions from one topic to another (WM=
4.28), Manage webinar arrangement (in terms of technical support,
audio and visual elements, and internet connectivity)(WM = 4.07),
and the group incorporate activities and quick exercises that
participants did during the break that maintain their alertness (WM=
4.06).
interpretation “satisfactory”. The table showed, the speaker
provides a depth knowledge about the selected topic classified
as rank 1 with the (WM=4.00), whereas rank 5 has a (WM=3.50) manage
webinar arrangement (in terms of technical support, audio and visual
elements, and internet connectivity) and the group incorporate
activities and quick exercises that participants did during the
break that maintain their alertness (WM= 3.50).

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As explained by Wanichko (2023), Webinars have grown in
popularity as a marketing strategy since they captivate
audiences and promote business expansion. On the other hand,
successful webinar implementation necessitates meticulous
preparation. Putting together a PowerPoint presentation is not
enough. A well-thought-out plan and great attention to detail
are necessary to produce a webinar that truly impresses. A
great webinar needs to be meticulously planned and organized,
with a little bit of innovation thrown in as well as perfect
timing. utilizing a thorough chronology, an attention-grabbing
headline, aesthetically pleasing material, and well-placed
CTAs.
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2.4 Monitoring
Table 9
Organizing Webinar
BSOA BSOA V Composit VI
Indicators VI Rank
Students Faculty I e Mean I
WM WI
1. Ensure the clarity of 4.19 S 3.50 S 3.84 S 5
audio and visual elements
during the webinar.
2. Observe the program 4.27 S 4.00 S 4.14 S 1

flow progression.
3. Monitor the 4.28 S 3.50 S 3.89 S 3
functionality of any event-
related technology or
platforms used.
4. The organizers 4.25 S 4.00 S 4.13 S 2
guaranteed that the concerns
of the participants are
addressed promptly.
5. Keeping track of 4.22 S 3.50 S 3.86 S 4
participant’s attendance
throughout the webinar,
noting any significant
changes or drop-offs.
two (2) groups of respondents as to monitoring a webinar. As
Observe the program flow progression (WM= 4.27 The organizers
guaranteed that the concerns of the participants are addressed

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promptly (WM= 4.25), Monitor the functionality of any event-
related technology or platforms used (WM= 4.28), Keeping track
of participant’s attendance throughout the webinar, noting any
significant changes or drop-offs (WM= 4.22), and Ensure the
clarity of audio and visual elements during the webinar (WM=
4.19).
interpretation “satisfactory”. These are: Observe the program
flow progression (WM= 4.00), The organizers guaranteed that
the concerns of the participants are addressed promptly (WM=
4.00), Monitor the functionality of any event-related
technology or platforms used (WM= 3.50), Keeping track of
participant’s attendance throughout the webinar, noting any
significant changes or drop-offs (WM= 3.50), and ensure the
clarity of audio and visual elements during the webinar (WM=
3.50). Furthermore, the composite mean (AWM= 3.97) has the
As stated by Ortiz (2023) tracking and analyzing key
metrics is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of your
webinar. These metrics include the number of registrants and

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attendees, attendance and drop-off rates, engagement metrics,
click-through rates on calls to action, and feedback from
attendees. Evaluating webinar success allows you to enhance
the quality of your presentations, generate valuable leads,
and ultimately boost revenue as part of your marketing
strategy.
2.5 Evaluation
Table 10
Organizing Webinar
BSOA BSOA
Mean
WM WI
1. Evaluate the speaker’s 4.15 S 4.00 S 4.08 S 2.5
ability to keep the
audience engaged.
2. Identified success by 4.11 S 3.50 S 3.81 S 5
highlighting successful
elements such as high
engagement rates, positive
feedback and achievement of
specific goals.
3. Acknowledged criticism 4.16 S 4.00 S 4.08 S 2.5
openly and demonstrate
willingness to learn from
mistakes for improvements.
4. The delivered content 4.20 S 4.50 O 4.35 S 1
provides valuable knowledge
to the participants.
5. The group carried out post- 4.29 S 3.50 S 3.90 S 4

event tasks such as
distributing certificates
and collecting suggestions.

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two (2) groups of respondents as to evaluation a webinar. As
The delivered content provide valuable knowledge to the
participants (WM= 4.20), Acknowledged criticism openly and
demonstrate willingness to learn from mistakes for
improvements (WM= 4.16), Evaluate the speaker’s ability to
keep the audience engaged (WM= 4.15), The group carried out
post-event tasks such as distributing certificates and
collecting suggestions (WM= 4.29), and Identified success by
highlighting successful elements such as high engagement
rates, positive feedback and achievement of specific goals
(WM= 4.11).
interpretation “satisfactory”. Moreover, the assessment to the
indicators is verbally interpreted as “satisfactory”. These
are: The delivered content provide valuable knowledge to the
participants (WM= 4.50), Acknowledged criticism openly and

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demonstrate willingness to learn from mistakes for
improvements (WM= 4.00), Evaluate the speaker’s ability to
keep the audience engaged (WM= 4.00), The group carried out
post-event tasks such as distributing certificates and
collecting suggestions (WM= 3.50), and Identified success by
highlighting successful elements such as high engagement
rates, positive feedback and achievement of specific goals
(WM= 3.50).
Wegner (2023) mentioned that surveys play a crucial role
in webinars and events by gathering feedback and insights from
attendees that might not be obtainable through other means.
They offer an objective assessment of the event's
effectiveness, enabling organizers to identify areas for
improvement based on data rather than intuition alone.
Additionally, surveys aid in targeting future audiences by
analyzing demographics and preferences. Ultimately, surveys
contribute to enhancing the quality and perceived value of
webinars and events. Maximizing participant’s responses when

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distributing surveys is essential to garnering comprehensive
feedback and minimizing the risk of biased results.
Sub-problem No. 3. Is there significant difference in

the assessment of the two groups of respondents on the
performance of BSOA Students in organizing webinar?
Table 11
Significant Difference in the assessment of BSOA Students and
Faculty on the performance in organizing webinar
Variables P-
t df Decision Interpretation
value
Planning 0.267 106 0.790 Accept Not Significant
Organizing 1.322 106 0.189 Accept Not Significant
Implementation 1.053 106 0.295 Accept Not Significant
Monitoring 1.145 106 0.255 Accept Not Significant
Evaluation 0.608 106 0.545 Accept Not Significant

Legend df 60=1.980
As shown in table 11 the t test computed value of Planning
(t=0.267) with a p-value of 0.790, Organizing(t=1.322) with a
p-value of 0.189, Implementation (t=1.053) with a p-value of
0.295, Monitoring(t=1.145) with a p-value of 0.255, and
Evaluation(t=0.608) with a p-value of 0.545 are smaller than
the t tabular value of 1.980 at 0.05 level of significance
with 106 degrees of freedom the null hypothesis is accepted.
Which means that there is no significant difference in the

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assessment of the two groups of respondents on the performance
of BSOA Students in organizing webinar.
Sub-problem No.4 Based on findings, what Event Management
Training may be proposed?
After analyzing and interpreting the data gathered based on
the assessment of the performance in organizing the webinar in
terms of Planning; Organizing; Implementation; Monitoring; and
Evaluation, inputs to the practices of Bachelor of Science in
Office Administration 4 th year students in EARIST Cavite
Campus, Event Management Training may be proposed addressing
the lowest assessment as assessed by BSOA faculty and students.
It suggests implementing strategies for the indicators that
are needs improvement.

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Republic of the Philippines

EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

In the dynamic realm of education, the integration of

technology has gained prominence, opening up new avenues for

interactive learning and knowledge sharing. A noteworthy

aspect of this technological shift is the increasing

prevalence of webinars, acting as virtual platforms for

information and idea exchange. As educational institutions and

students embrace webinars, there is a pressing need to evaluate

and comprehend students' performance in organizing such

An event is a large public gathering that is intended to

provide entertainment, education, promotion, or reunification.

Events can be grouped based on their magnitude, type, and

context. An event might be a social or lifecycle occasion like

a birthday party, an engagement party, a wedding, and a burial

or it can be a professional development occasion like a job

fair, education fair, workshop, seminar, debate, and

In this context, the variables of planning, organization,

implementation, monitoring, and evaluation serve as the

fundamental pillars for assessing student performance.

Effective planning involves careful consideration of

objectives, topics, and communication strategies. Organization

entails the seamless arrangement of resources and the

provision of accessible materials, contributing to a positive

participant experience. Implementation evaluates the execution

of webinars, emphasizing engagement, time management, and

adaptability to unforeseen challenges. Monitoring includes

continuous technical oversight and responsiveness to

participant feedback, ensuring a smooth and technically sound

webinar. Lastly, evaluation focuses on transparent and

constructive feedback mechanisms, essential for refining

Understanding the intricacies of student performance in

organizing webinars not only illuminates their adaptability

and organizational skills but also provides valuable insights

for educational institutions seeking to enhance their virtual

learning environments. By examining these variables, this

research aims to offer a nuanced understanding of the

challenges, successes, and areas of improvement in student-

led webinar organization, ultimately contributing to the

broader discourse on the convergence of technology and

This study aims to explore the complex dynamics of

student-led webinars, with a specific focus on their

competence in planning, organizing, implementing, monitoring,

and evaluating these virtual sessions. The organizational

skills and adaptability of students are crucial factors in

ensuring the success of webinars, necessitating a

comprehensive scrutiny of their performance.

This study is based on the Technology Acceptance Model

(TAM)theory that was developed by Fred Davis in 1989 to assess

how well students embrace webinar tools and the Event

Management Cycle for a comprehensive understanding of their

planning and evaluation performance. Where it proposes the two

key beliefs (such as usefulness and easy to use) that determine

a user’s intention to use a technology.

Assessing students' performance in coordinating webinars

may encompass elements like proficient communication,

technical skills, event organization, and engaging with the

In connection with this study, as to usefulness, it could

deliver clear value to attendees by addressing specific needs

and learning objectives meanwhile, as to easy to use, webinar

is easy to access and participate in. Such as, providing clear

instructions on registration, technology requirements, and how