BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE - PILANI, HYDERABAD CAMPUS

SEMESTER II, 2023-2024; MEF318: COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

SOLUTIONS: TUTORIAL ASSIGNMENT NO. – 9, DATE: DATE: 6th March 2024, MAX.
MARKS: 10
T1. Write the elemental local-global nodal connectivity matrix and using the elemental stiffness
matrices, their assembly and elimination approach of applying displacement boundary conditions, solve
for nodal displacements and reaction forces in the following 1-dimensional structure using Rayleigh-
Ritz method. The support at the left end is imperfect and undergoes a constant displacement of 2 mm
upon loading. Use average area for the third element.

Solution: Take cross-sectional area of the third element to be average of the end cross-sectional areas:
Ast = (20+10)/2 = 15 mm^2.
Elemental local-global nodal connectivity matrix:
Element Local node=1 Local node=2
1 1 3
2 3 4
3 4 2
Elemental stiffness matrices:

Essential Boundary Conditions: Q1=2 mm; Q2=0.

Solving the equation:

Reaction forces:

ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM
A1. Use minimum mesh and global node numbering from top to bottom. Write the elemental local
global nodal connectivity matrix. For each element use the average cross-sectional area. Find the
elemental stiffness matrices, global stiffness matrix and global finite element equation. Applying the
essential boundary conditions by elimination approach, find all the nodal displacements and support
reactions using Rayleigh Ritz method. EAl=70 GPa and Est=200 GPa. The support at the top is
imperfect and deforms by a constant amount of 0.5 mm upon loading. The axial force “F” at the free
end in kN is equal to twice the sum of the last four digits in your ID No, subject to a minimum 50 kN.
If it is less than 50 kN, then add 50 kN.

-4 2
A=3*10 m

Solution:
Element-1: Ast= (5*10^(-4)+3*10^(-4))/2 = 4*10^(-4) m^2
Aal = (3*10^(-4)+1*10^(-4))/2 = 2*10^(-4) m^2
[k]st = (Ast*Est/Lst)*[1, -1;-1, 1] = (5*10^(-4)*200*10^9/1)*[1,-1;-1,1] = 8*10^7*[1,-1;-1,1]
[k]al = (Aal*Eal/Lal)*[1, -1;-1, 1] = (2*10^(-4)*70*10^9/1)*[1,-1;-1,1] = 1.4*10^7*[1,-1;-1,1]
[K]= 10^7*[8,-8,0;-8,9.4,-1.4;0,-1.4,1.4]
[F]=[R1,0,20000]
10^7*[9.4,-1.4; -1.4,1.4]*[Q2;Q3]=[0-(-8*10^7)*0.0005;20000]=[40000;20000]
[Q2;Q3] = [0.0008; 0.0022] m.
[R]= 10^7*[8,-8,0;-8,9.4,-1.4;0,-1.4,1.4]*[0.0005; 0.0008; 0.0022]=[-20000; 0;20000]

*********************** Start your solution from here and use overleaf **********************