UNIT DIMENSION AND MEASUREMENTS

EXERCISE - 1

ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

UNIT

1. In S  a  bt  ct 2 . S is measured in metres and t in seconds. The unit of c is

(a) None (b) m (c) ms-1 (d) ms-2
2. Joule-second is the unit of
(a) Work (b) Momentum (c) Pressure (d) Angular momentum
3. Electron volt is a unit of
(a) Charge (b) Potential difference (c) Momentum (d) Energy
4. Temperature can be expressed as a derived quantity in terms of any of the following
(a) Length and mass (b) Mass and time (c) Length, mass and time (d) None of these
5. Density of wood is 0.5gm / cc in the CGS system of units. The corresponding value in MKS units is
(a) 500 (b) 5 (c) 0.5 (d) 5000
6. The unit of specific resistance is
(a) Ohm/cm2 (b) Ohm/cm (c) Ohmcm (d) (Ohmcm)1
7. If u1 and u 2 are the units selected in two systems of measurement and n1 and n 2 their numerical values, then
(a) n1u1  n 2 u 2 (b) n1u1  n 2 u 2  0 (c) n1n 2  u1u 2 (d) (n1  u1 )  (n 2  u 2 )
8. Universal time is based on
(a) Rotation of the earth on its axis (b) Earth's orbital motion around the earth
(c) Vibrations of cesium atom (d) Oscillations of quartz crystal
9. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists

List-I List-II
I. Joule A. Henry  Amp/sec
II. Watt B. Farad  Volt
III. Volt C. Coulomb  Volt
IV. Coulomb D. Oersted  cm
E. Amp  Gauss
F. Amp 2  Ohm
Codes:
(a) I  A,II  F,III  E,IV  D
(b) I  C,II  F,III  A,IV  B
(c) I  C,II  F,III  A,IV  E
(d) I  B,II  F,III  A,IV  C
F L
10. To determine the Young's modulus of a wire, the formula is Y  : ; where L = length, A  area of cross-
A L
section of the wire, L  change in length of the wire when stretched with a force F . The conversion factor to
change it from CGS to MKS system is
(a) 1 (b) 10 (c) 0.1 (d) 0.01
11. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists

List I List II
(a) Distance between earth and stars 1. Microns
(b) Inter-atomic distance in a solid 2. Angstroms
(c) Size of the nucleus 3. Light years
(d) Wavelength of infrared laser 4. Fermi
5. Kilometres
Codes
a b c d a b c d
(a) 5 4 2 1 (b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 5 2 4 3 (d) 3 4 1 2
12. In C.G.S. system the magnitutde of the force is 100 dynes. In another system where the fundamental physical
quantities are kilogram, metre and minute, the magnitude of the force is
(a) 0.036 (b) 0.36 (c) 3.6 (d) 36
DIMENSIONS
13. Select the pair whose dimensions are same
(a) Pressure and stress (b) Stress and strain (c) Pressure and force (d) Power and force
14. Dimensional formula ML1T 2 does not represent the physical quantity
(a) Young's modulus of elasticity (b) Stress
(c) Strain (d) Pressure
15. The dimensions of calorie are
(a) ML2T2 (b) MLT2 (c) ML2T1 (d) ML2T3
L
16. If L and R are respectively the inductance and resistance, then the dimensions of will be
R

(a) M 0 L0 T 1 (b) M 0 LT 0
(c) M 0 L0 T (d) Cannot be represented in terms of M, L and T

 a 
17. The equation of state of some gases can be expressed as  P  2  (V  b)  RT . Here P is the pressure, V is the
 V 
volume, T is the absolute temperature and a, b, R are constants. The dimensions of ' a' are
(a) ML5 T 2 (b) ML1 T 2 (c) M 0 L3 T 0 (d) M 0 L6 T 0

18. A spherical body of mass m and radius r is allowed to fall in a medium of viscosity  . The time in which the
velocity of the body increases from zero to 0.63 times the terminal velocity (v) is called time constant ( ) .
Dimensionally  can be represented by

mr 2  6mr   m
(a) (b)   (c) (d) None of the above
6  g2  6 rv
 
19. The frequency of vibration f of a mass m suspended from a spring of spring constant K is given by a relation of
this type f  CmxKy ; where C is a dimensionless quantity. The value of x and y are
1 1
(a) x ,y  (b) x   1 , y   1 (c) x
1
,y  
1
(d) x 
1
,y 
1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
20. The quantities A and B are related by the relation, m  A/B, where m is the linear density and A is the force.
The dimensions of B are of
(a) Pressure (b) Work (c) Latent heat (d) None of the above
21. The velocity of water waves v may depend upon their wavelength  , the density of water  and the
acceleration due to gravity g . The method of dimensions gives the relation between these quantities as
(a) v 2  g 1  1 (b) v 2  g (c) v 2  g (d) v 2  g 1 3
22. The equation of a wave is given by

x 
Y  A sin    k 
v 
where  is the angular velocity and v is the linear velocity. The dimension of k is
(a) LT (b) T (c) T-1 (d) T2
23. The period of a body under SHM i.e. presented by T  P a Db S c ; where P is pressure, D is density and S is
surface tension. The value of a, b and c are
3 1 1 3 1 1
(a)  , ,1 (b) 1,  2, 3 (c) , , (d) 1, 2,
2 2 2 2 2 3

24. The velocity of a freely falling body changes as g p hq where g is acceleration due to gravity and h is the height.
The values of p and q are

(a) 1, 1 (b) 1 1
, (c) 1
,1 (d) 1, 1
2 2 2 2

25. A small steel ball of radius r is allowed to fall under gravity through a column of a viscous liquid of coefficient
of viscosity  . After some time the velocity of the ball attains a constant value known as terminal velocity vT .
The terminal velocity depends on (i) the mass of the ball m , (ii)  , (iii) r and (iv) acceleration due to
gravity g . Which of the following relations is dimensionally correct
mg r mgr
(a) vT  (b) vT  (c) vT  rmg (d) vT 
r mg 

 0 LV
26. The quantity X  :  0 is the permittivity of free space, L is length, V is potential difference and t is time.
t

The dimensions of X are same as that of

(a) Resistance (b) Charge (c) Voltage (d) Current
1
27. The dimension of is that of
 0 0
(a) Velocity (b) Time (c) Capacitance (d) Distance
28. If velocity v , acceleration A and force F are chosen as fundamental quantities, then the dimensional formula
of angular momentum in terms of v, A and F would be
(a) FA 1v (b) Fv 3 A 2 (c) Fv 2 A 1 (d) F 2 v 2 A 1

29. Let [ 0 ] denotes the dimensional formula of the permittivity of the vacuum and [ 0 ] that of the permeability of
the vacuum. If M  mass , L  length , T  Time and I  electric current , then
(a) [ 0 ]  M 1 L3 T 2 I (b) [ 0 ]  M 1 L3 T 4 I 2 (c) [ 0 ]  MLT 2 I 2 (d) [ 0 ]  ML2 T 1 I
30. If the time period (T ) of vibration of a liquid drop depends on surface tension (S ) , radius (r) of the drop and
density (  ) of the liquid, then the expression of T is

(a) T  k r 3 / S (b) T  k  1 / 2r 3 / S (c) T  k r 3 / S 1 / 2 (d) None of these

31. If the velocity of light (c) , gravitational constant (G ) and Planck's constant (h) are chosen as fundamental units,
then the dimensions of mass in new system is
(a) c 1 / 2 G 1 / 2 h 1 / 2 (b) [M 0 L0 T 3 I 0 ] (c) [M 1 L2 T 6 I 2 ] (d) [M 0 L0 T 2 I 0 ]
32. The dimensional formula for Boltzmann's constant is
(a) [ML2 T 2 1 ] (b) [ML2 T 2 ] (c) [ML0 T 2 1 ] (d) [ML2 T 1 1 ]
33. Frequency is the function of density (  ) , length (a) and surface tension (T ) . Then its value is

(a) k  1 / 2 a 3 / 2 / T (b) k  3 / 2a3 / 2 / T (c) k  1 / 2 a 3 / 2 / T 3 / 4 (d) k 1 / 2 a1 / 2 / T 3 / 2

34. Position of a body with acceleration 'a' is given by x  Ka m t n , here t is time. Find dimension of m and n.
(a) m  1 , n  1 (b) m  1, n  2 (c) m  2, n  1 (d) m  2, n  2
35. Out of following four dimensional quantities, which one quantity is to be called a dimensional constant
(a) Acceleration due to gravity (b) Surface tension of water
(c) Weight of a standard kilogram mass (d) Weight of a standard kilogram mass
36. Density of a liquid in CGS system is 0.625 g / cm 3 . What is its magnitude in SI system
(a) 0.625 (b) 0.0625 (c) 0.00625 (d) 625

ERRORS OF MEASUREMENT

l
37. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is given by T  2 where l is about 100 cm and is known to
g
have 1mm accuracy. The period is about 2s. The time of 100 oscillations is measured by a stop watch of least
count 0.1 s. The percentage error in g is
(a) 0.1% (b) 1% (c) 0.2% (d) 0.8%
38. The percentage errors in the measurement of mass and speed are 2% and 3% respectively. How much will be the
maximum error in the estimation of the kinetic energy obtained by measuring mass and speed
(a) 11% (b) 8%(c) 5% (d) 1%
39. The random error in the arithmetic mean of 100 observations is x; then random error in the arithmetic mean of
400 observations would be
1 1
(a) 4x (b) x (c) 2x (d) x
4 2
40. What is the number of significant figures in 0.310×10 3
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 6
41. Error in the measurement of radius of a sphere is 1%. The error in the calculated value of its volume is
(a) 1% (b) 3% (c) 5% (d) 7%
42. The mean time period of second's pendulum is 2.00s and mean absolute error in the time period is 0.05s. To
express maximum estimate of error, the time period should be written as
(a) (2.00  0.01) s (b) (2.00 +0.025) s (c) (2.00  0.05) s (d) (2.00  0.10) s
43. A body travels uniformly a distance of (13.8 0.2) m in a time (4.0  0.3) s. The velocity of the body within error
limits is
(a) (3.45  0.2) ms-1 (b) (3.45  0.3) ms-1 (c) (3.45  0.4) ms-1 (d) (3.45  0.5) ms-1
44. The percentage error in the above problem is
(a) 7% (b) 5.95% (c) 8.95% (d) 9.85%
45. The unit of percentage error is
(a) Same as that of physical quantity
(b) Different from that of physical quantity
(c) Percentage error is unit less
(d) Errors have got their own units which are different from that of physical quantity measured
46. The decimal equivalent of 1/20 upto three significant figures is
(a) 0.0500 (b) 0.05000 (c) 0.0050 (d) 5.0 × 10-2
47. Accuracy of measurement is determined by
(a) Absolute error (b) Percentage error (c) Both (d) None of these
48. The radius of a sphere is (5.3  0.1) cm. The percentage error in its volume is
0 .1 0 .1 0 .1  100 0 .1
(a)  100 (b) 3  100 (c) (d) 3  100
5 .3 5 .3 3 . 53 5 .3
49. A thin copper wire of length l metre increases in length by 2% when heated through 10ºC. What is the percentage
increase in area when a square copper sheet of length l metre is heated through 10ºC
(a) 4% (b) 8% (c) 16% (d) None of the above
50. In the context of accuracy of measurement and significant figures in expressing results of experiment, which of
the following is/are correct
(1) Out of the two measurements 50.14 cm and 0.00025 ampere, the first one has greater accuracy
(2) If one travels 478 km by rail and 397 m. by road, the total distance travelled is 478 km.
(a) Only (1) is correct (b) Only (2) is correct
(c) Both are correct (d) None of them is correct.
51. A physical parameter a can be determined by measuring the parameters b, c, d and e using the relation a =
b  c  / d  e  . If the maximum errors in the measurement of b, c, d and e are b1 %, c 1 %, d 1 % and e1 %, then
the maximum error in the value of a determined by the experiment is
(a) ( b1  c1  d1  e 1 )% (b) ( b1  c1  d 1  e 1 )%
(c) ( b1  c1  d1  e 1 )% (d) ( b1  c1  d1  e 1 )%
52. The relative density of material of a body is found by weighing it first in air and then in water. If the weight in air
is (5.00 0.05 ) Newton and weight in water is (4.00  0.05) Newton. Then the relative density along with the
maximum permissible percentage error is
(a) 5.0  11% (b) 5.0  1% (c) 5.0  6% (d) 1.25  5%
V
53. The resistance R = where V= 100  5 volts and i = 10  0.2 amperes. What is the total error in R
i
5
(a) 5% (b) 7% (c) 5.2% (d) %
2
54. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum in the experiment is recorded as 2.63 s, 2.56 s, 2.42 s, 2.71 s and
2.80 s respectively. The average absolute error is
(a) 0.1 s (b) 0.11 s (c) 0.01 s (d) 1.0 s
55. The length of a cylinder is measured with a meter rod having least count 0.1 cm. Its diameter is measured with
vernier calipers having least count 0.01 cm. Given that length is 5.0 cm. and radius is 2.0 cm. The percentage error
in the calculated value of the volume will be
(a) 1% (b) 2% (c) 3% (d) 4%
56. In an experiment, the following observation's were recorded : L = 2.820 m, M = 3.00 kg, l = 0.087 cm, Diameter
4 MgL
D = 0.041 cm Taking g = 9.81 m /s 2 using the formula , Y= , the maximum permissible error in Y is
D 2 l
(a) 7.96% (b) 4.56% (c) 6.50% (d) 8.42%
57. According to Joule's law of heating, heat produced H  I Rt, where I is current, R is resistance and t is time. If the
2

errors in the measurement of I, R and t are 3%, 4% and 6% respectively then error in the measurement of H is
(a)  17% (b)  16% (c)  19% (d)  25%
58. If there is a positive error of 50% in the measurement of velocity of a body, then the error in the measurement of
kinetic energy is
(a) 25% (b) 50% (c) 100% (d) 125%
1
A3 B 2
59. A physical quantity P is given by P= 3
. The quantity which brings in the maximum percentage error in P is
C 4 D 2
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
60. If L  2.331 cm, B  2.1 cm , then L  B 
(a) 4.431 cm (b) 4.43 cm (c) 4.4 cm (d) 4 cm
61. The number of significant figures in all the given numbers 25.12, 2009, 4.156 and 1.217  10 4 is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
62. If the length of rod A is 3.25  0.01 cm and that of B is 4.19  0.01 cm then the rod B is longer than rod A by
(a) 0.94  0.00 cm (b) 0.94  0.01 cm (c) 0.94  0.02 cm (d) 0.94  0.005 cm
63. A physical quantity is given by X  M L T . The percentage error in measurement of M, L and T are  ,  and 
a b c

respectively. Then maximum percentage error in the quantity X is

a b c
(a) a  b   c (b) a  b   c (c)   (d) None of these
  
a 2b 3
64. A physical quantity A is related to four observable a, b, c and d as follows, A  , the percentage errors of
c d
measurement in a, b, c and d are 1%,3%,2% and 2% respectively. What is the percentage error in the quantity A
(a) 12% (b) 7% (c) 5% (d) 14%
 EXERCISE - 2
1. A highly rigid cubical block A of small mass M and side L is fixed rigidly on the another cubical block of same
dimensions and of low modulus of rigidity  such that the lower face of A completely covers the upper face of B. The
lower face of B is rigidly held on a horizontal surface. A small force F is applied perpendicular to one of the side faces
of A. After the force is withdrawn, block A excutes small ocillations, the time period of which is given by
(a) 2 (ML) (b) 2 (M / L) (c) 2 (ML / ) (d) 2 (M / L)

2. The frequency of oscillation of an object of mass m suspended by end of spring of force constant K is given by f =

CmxKy, where C is a dimension less constant. The value of x and y are :

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) x = ,y= (b) x = – ,y= (c) x = ,y=– (d) x = – , y=–
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  z 
3. P= exp   
  K B 

 Temperature P  Pressure

KB  Boltzman constant Z  Distance

Dimension of  is -

(a) M0L0T0 (b) M–1L1 T2 (c) M0L2T0 (d) ML–1 T–2

4. The heat dissipated (I2 Rt) in a resistance can be obtained by the measurement of resistance, current and time. If
the maximum error in the measurement of these quantities is 1%, 2%, and 1% respectively. The maximum error
in the determination of the dissipated heat is -
(a) 4% (b) 6% (c) 4/3% (d) 2%
5. A small steel ball of radius r is allowed to fall under gravity through a column of a viscous liquid of coefficient of
viscosity  . After some time the velocity of the ball attains a constant value known as terminal velocity v T. The
terminal velocity depends on (i) the mass of the ball m, (ii)  , (iii) r and (iv) acceleration due to gravity g. Which
of the following relations is dimensionally correct -
mg r mgr
(a) v T  (b) vT  (c) vT  rmg (d) v T 
r mg 

6. Equation of plane progressive transverse wave in a dissipative medium has general form

y  Aex sin   t  Bx 

where , A, B, C are constant, x & y are displacement & t is time. Dimensions of  & B respectively are -

(a) MºL–1Tº, MºL–1T–1, MºLT–1 (b) MºL1Tº, MºLº T–1, MºL–1T1

(c) MºL–1T1, MºL–1T, MºLºT–1 (d) MºL–1Tº, MºLº T–1, MºL–1T1

7. If the acceleration due to gravity is 10 ms 2 and the units of length and time are changed in kilometer and hour
respectively, the numerical value of the acceleration is
(a) 360000 (b) 72,000 (c) 36,000 (d) 129600
8. If L, C and R represent inductance, capacitance and resistance respectively, then which of the following does not
represent dimensions of frequency
1 R 1 C
(a) (b) (c) (d)
RC L LC L

n 2  n1
9. Number of particles is given by n  D crossing a unit area perpendicular to X-axis in unit time, where n1
x 2  x1
and n 2 are number of particles per unit volume for the value of x meant to x 2 and x 1 . Find dimensions of D
called as diffusion constant
(a) M 0 LT 2 (b) M 0 L2 T 4 (c) M 0 LT 3 (d) M 0 L2 T 1
1
10. With the usual notations, the following equation St  u  a(2t  1) is
2
(a) Only numerically correct
(b) Only dimensionally correct
(c) Both numerically and dimensionally correct
(d) Neither numerically nor dimensionally correct
11. If the dimensions of length are expressed as G x c y h z ; where G, c and h are the universal gravitational constant,
speed of light and Planck's constant respectively, then
1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1
(a) x  , y  (b) x  , z  (c) y  , z  (d) y   , z 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
12. A highly rigid cubical block A of small mass M and side L is fixed rigidly onto another cubical block B of the
same dimensions and of low modulus of rigidity  such that the lower face of A completely covers the upper
face of B . The lower face of B is rigidly held on a horizontal surface. A small force F is applied perpendicular to
one of the side faces of A . After the force is withdrawn block A executes small oscillations. The time period of
which is given by

(a) 2 M
L ML M
(b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 2
L M  L
13. The pair(s) of physical quantities that have the same dimensions, is (are)
(a) Reynolds number and coefficient of friction
(b) Latent heat and gravitational potential
(c) Curie and frequency of a light wave
(d) Planck's constant and torque
14. The speed of light (c) , gravitational constant (G ) and Planck's constant (h) are taken as the fundamental units in a
system. The dimension of time in this new system should be
(a) G 1 / 2 h 1 / 2 c 5 / 2 (b) G 1 / 2 h 1 / 2 c 1 / 2 (c) G 1 / 2 h1 / 2 c 3 / 2 (d) G 1 / 2 h 1 / 2 c 1 / 2
15. If the constant of gravitation (G ) , Planck's constant (h) and the velocity of light (c) be chosen as fundamental
units. The dimension of the radius of gyration is
(a) h 1 / 2 c 3 / 2 G 1 / 2 (b) h 1 / 2 c 3 / 2 G 1 / 2 (c) h 1 / 2 c 3 / 2 G 1 / 2 (d) h 1 / 2 c 3 / 2 G 1 / 2
16. X  3YZ 2 find dimension of Y in (MKSA) system, if X and Z are the dimension of capacity and magnetic field
respectively
(a) M 3 L2 T 4 A 1 (b) ML 2 (c) M 3 L2 T 4 A 4 (d) M 3 L2 T 8 A 4
Z
  k
17. In the relation P  e P is pressure, Z is the distance, k is Boltzmann constant and  is the temperature. The

dimensional formula of  will be
(a) [M 0 L2T 0 ] (b) [M 1 L2 T 1 ] (c) [M 1 L0 T 1 ] (d) [M 0 L2T 1 ]
1/2
p F
18. The frequency of vibration of string is given by   . Here p is number of segments in the string and l is
2l  m 
the length. The dimensional formula for m will be
(a) [M 0 LT 1 ] (b) [ML0 T 1 ] (c) [ML1T 0 ] (d) [M 0 L0 T 0 ]
19. Column I Column II
(i) Curie (A) MLT 2
(ii) Light year (B) M
(iii) Dielectric strength (C) Dimensionless
(iv) Atomic weight (D) T
(v) Decibel (E) ML2 T 2
(F) MT 3
(G) T 1
(H) L
(I) MLT 3 I 1
(J) LT 1
Choose the correct match
(a) (i) G, (ii) H, (iii) C, (iv) B, (v) C
(b) (i) D, (ii) H, (iii) I, (iv) B, (v) G
(c) (i) G, (ii) H, (iii) I, (iv) B, (v) G
(d) None of the above
20. A wire has a mass 0.3  0.003g , radius 0.5  0.005mm and length 6  0.06cm . The maximum percentage error
in the measurement of its density is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
21. If 97.52 is divided by 2.54, the correct result in terms of significant figures is
(a) 38.4 (b) 38.3937 (c) 38.394 (d) 38.39
 EXERCISE - 3

PASSAGE

Passage – 1

A particle is moving along a straight line and variable force F is acting on this F at any time t is given by :

B Ct
F=A+ +
t D  t2
Where A, B, C and D are constant.

1. The dimensional formula of C is -

(a)  MLT 2  (b)  MLT 1  (c)  MLT 3  (d)  ML

2. The dimensions of B is equal to dimensions of -

(a) Force (b) Power (c) Linear momentum (d) Energy
 1 
3. Dimensions of   is equal to dimension of
 D

(a) frequency (b) time (c) length (d) force

Passage - 2

The distance travelled by a particle is given by

 At 
y = D ln 1   + B sin (Cx )
2

  
2

here x & y are length,  is wavelength and t is time.

4. The dimensions of A and C are -
(a) L2T–1, L2 (b) L2T–1, L–2 (c) L–2T1, L–2 (d) L–2T–1, L2
5. Which pair has same dimensions -
(a) A, b (b) B, C (c) C, D (d) B, D

Passage - 3

If pressure of a gas is given by

α2 αh
P= sin  
β kθ
Where h : plank constant
k : Boltz's man constant
 : absolutes temperature
6. The dimensions of  are -

(a)  M1L0 T 0  (b)  M0 L0 T0  (c)  M 1LT 0  (d) None

7. Which of the following is not Dimensionless

P h BI
(a)  t (b) (c) (d)
2 kθ L2
(I : Moment of inertia & L : length & t : time)
 Passage – 4

According to coulombs law of electrostatics there is a force between two charged particles q1 & q2 separated by a
1 qq kq q
distance r such that F  q1 ,F  q 2 & F 2
; combining all three we get F  1 2 2 or F = 12 2 , where k
r r r
is a constant which depends on the medium and is given by 1 / 40  r where  0 is absolute permittivity &  r is
relative permittivity. But in case of protons of a nuclius there exists another force called nucleur force; which is
Ce – kr
much higher in magnitude in comparison to electrostatic force and is given by F = .
r2
8. What are the dimensions of C -
(a) M2 L3T1 (b) ML3T3 (c) ML3T2 (d) ML2T2
9. What are the dimensions of k –
(a) L (b) L2 (c) L-3 (d) L-1
10. What are the SI units of C -
(a) N-m–2 (b) Nm2 (c) Nm–3 (d) N-m
Passage – 5
A gas bubble, from an explosion under water, oscillates with a period T proportional to pa db Ec, where p is the
pressure, d is the density of water and E is the total energy of explosion -
11. The value of a is -
5 1 1
(a)  (b) (c)  (d) 1
6 2 2
12. The value of b is -
5 1 1
(a)  (b) (c)  (d) 1
6 2 2
13. The value of c is -
5 1 1
(a)  (b) (c) (d) 1
6 2 3
Passage – 6
Angular velocity of ceiling fan depends upon (i) applied voltage (V), (ii) resistance of coil of fan (R), (iii) mass
of fan(m) & (iv) length of fan-blades  .  V   ML2T 3A1 , R  V / i i : current 
14. Angular velocity of fan is proportional to -
(a) R 1/3 (b) R 2/3 (c) R 3/2 (d) None of these
15. By what factor angular velocity of fan will increase if applied voltage is increase 8 times -
(a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 3
16. Length of blade of fan is increased from 10 inch to 14.4 inch keeping mass and coil-resistance same. How many
times applied voltage needs to be increased as to keep angular velocity constant -
(a) 1.44 times (b) 1.25 times (c) 2.07 times (d) 1.2 times
 ASSERTION AND REASON
Choose any one of the following four responses :
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If the Assertion and Reason both are false.
(e) If Assertion is false but Reason is true.

1. Assertion : ‘Light year’ and ‘Wavelength’ both measure distance.

Reason : Both have dimensions of time.
2. Assertion : Light year and year, both measure time.
Reason : Because light year is the time that light takes to reach the earth from the sun.
3. Assertion : Force cannot be added to pressure.
Reason : Because their dimensions are different.
4. Assertion : Linear mass density has the dimensions of [M1L–1T0].
Reason : Because density is always mass per unit volume.
5. Assertion : Rate of flow of a liquid represents velocity of flow.

Reason : The dimensions of rate of flow are  M 0 L1T 1  .

6. Assertion : Units of Rydberg constant R are m–1

 1 1 
Reason : It follows from Bohr’s formula v  R  2  2  ,
 n1 n 2 

where the symbols have their usual meaning.

7. Assertion : Parallex method cannot be used for measuring distances of stars more than 100 light years away.
Reason : Because parallex angle reduces so much that it cannot be measured accurately.
8. Assertion : Number of significant figures in 0.005 is one and that in 0.500 is three.
Reason : This is because zeros are not significant.
9. Assertion : Out of three measurements l = 0.7 m; l = 0.70 m and l = 0.700 m, the last one is most accurate.
Reason : In every measurement, only the last significant digit is not accurately known.
10. Assertion : Mass, length and time are fundamental physical quantities.
Reason : They are independent of each other.
11. Assertion : Density is a derived physical quantity.
Reason : Density cannot be derived from the fundamental physical quantities.
12. Assertion : Now a days a standard metre is defined as in terms of the wavelength of light.
Reason : Light has no relation with length.
13. Assertion : Radar is used to detect an aeroplane in the sky
Reason : Radar works on the principle of reflection of waves.
14. Assertion : Surface tension and surface energy have the same dimensions.
Reason : Because both have the same S.I. unit
15. Assertion : In y  Asin( t  kx), (t  kx) is dimensionless.

Reason : Because dimension of   [M0 L0T].

16. Assertion : Radian is the unit of distance.

Reason : One radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc equal in length to the radius of
the circle.
17. Assertion : A.U. is much bigger than Å.
Reason : A.U. stands for astronomical unit and Å stands from Angstrom.
18. Assertion : When we change the unit of measurement of a quantity, its numerical value changes.
Reason : Smaller the unit of measurement smaller is its numerical value.
19. Assertion : Dimensional constants are the quantities whose value are constant.
Reason : Dimensional constants are dimensionless.
20. Assertion : The time period of a pendulum is given by the formula, T  2 g/l .

Reason : According to the principle of homogeneity of dimensions, only that formula is correct in which the
dimensions of L.H.S. is equal to dimensions of R.H.S.

21. Assertion : In the relation f  1 T

, where symbols have standard meaning, m represent linear mass density.
2l m

Reason : The frequency has the dimensions of inverse of time.

22. Assertion : The graph between P and Q is straight line, when P/Q is constant.
Reason : The straight line graph means that P proportional to Q or P is equal to constant multiplied by Q.
23. Assertion : Avogadro number is the number of atoms in one gram mole.
Reason : Avogadro number is a dimensionless constant.
24. Assertion : L/R and CR both have same dimensions.
Reason : L/R and CR both have dimension of time.

25. Assertion : The quantity (1/  0  0 ) is dimensionally equal to velocity and numerically equal to velocity of light.

Reason :  0 is permeability of free space and  0 is the permittivity of free space.

 PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
1. A screw gauge has leas count of 0.01 mm and there are 50 divisions in its circular scale. The pitch of the screw
gauge is
(a) 0.01 mm (b) 0.25 mm (c) 0.5 mm (d) 1.0 mm
2. In an experiment, the percentage of error occurred in the measurement of physical quantities A, B, C and D are
1%, 2%, 3% and 4% respectively. Then the maximum percentage of error in the measurement X, where
A 2 B1/2
X , will be
C1/3 D3
(a) 10% (b) (3/13)% (c) 16% (d) -10%
3. The main scale of a vernier calipers has n divisions/cm. n divisions of the vernier scale coincide with (n -1)
divisions of main scale. The least count of the vernier calipers is
1 1 1 1
(a) cm (b) cm (c) cm (d) cm
 n  1 n  1 n n2 n  n  1

4. A student measured the diameter of a samall steel ball using a screw gauge of least count 0.001 cm. The main
scale reading is 5 mm and zero of circular scale division coincides with 25 divisions above the reference level. If
screw gauge has a zero error of -0.004 cm, the correct diameter of the ball is
(a) 0.521 cm (b) 0.525 cm (c) 0.053 cm (d) 0.529 cm
5. In an experiment, four quantities a, b, c and d are measured with percentage error 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%
a 3b2
respectively. Quantity P is calculated as follows P  .% error in P is
cd
(a) 7% (b) 4% (c) 14% (d) 10%
6. A student measures the distance traversed in free fall of a body, initially at rest, in a given time. He uses this data
to estimate g, the acceleration due to gravity. If the maximum percentage errors in measurement of the distance
and the time are e1 and e2 respectively, the percentage error in the estimation of g is
(a) e2  e1 (b) e1  2e 2 (c) e1  e 2 (d) e1  2e 2
7. If the error in the measurement of radius of a sphere is 2%, then the error in the determination of volume of the
sphere will be
(a) 8% (b) 2% (c) 4% (d) 6%
8. The density of a cube is measured by measuring its mass and length of its sides. If the maximum error in the
measurement of mass and lengths are 3% and 2% respectively, the maximum error in the measurement of density
would be
(a) 12% (b) 14% (c) 7% (d) 9%
9. Percentage errors in the measurement of mass and speed are 2% and 3% respectively. The error in the estimate of
kinetic energy obtained by measuring mass and speed will be
(a) 8% (b) 2% (c) 12% (d) 10%
10. A certain body weights 22.42 g and has a measurement volume of 4.7 cc. The possible error in the measurement
of mass and volume are 0.01 g and 0.1 cc. Then maximum error in the density will be
(a) 22% (b) 2% (c) 0.2% (d) 0.02%
11. Taking into account of the significant figures, what is the value of 9.99 m- 0.0099 m?
(a) 9.9801 m (b) 9.98 m (c) 9.980 m (d) 9.9 m
12. If the dimensions of a physical quantity are given by M a Lb T c , then the physical quantity will be
(a) velocity if a  1,b  0,c  1 (b) acceleration if a  1,b  0,c  2
(c) force if a  0,b  1,c  2 (d) presser if a  1,b  1,c  2
13. Turpentine oils is following through a tube of length l and radius r. the pressure difference between the two ends
P r2  x2 
of the tube is P. The viscosity of oils is given by   where v is the velocity of oil at a distance x from
4l
the axis of the tube. The dimensions of  are

(a)  M0 L0 T0  (b)  MLT 1  (c)  ML2 T 2  (d)  ML1T 1 

14. The frequency of vibration f of a mass m suspended from a spring of spring constant k is given by a relations
f  amx k y , where a is a dimensionless constant. The values of x and y are
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(a) x  , y  (b) x   , y   (c) x  , y   (d) x   , y 
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 SOLUTIONS

EXERCISE -1

1. D
ct 2 must have dimensions of L
 c must have dimensions of L / T 2 i.e. LT 2 .

2. D
dL
   dL    dt  r  F  dt
dt

i.e. the unit of angular momentum is joule-second

3. D
4. D
Because temperature is a fundamental quantity.
5. A
1 C.G.S unit of density = 1000 M.K.S. unit of density  0 .5 gm /cc  500 kg/m 3

6. C
L RA
R    ohm  cm
A L
7. A
Physical quantity (p) = Numerical value (n)  Unit (u)
If physical quantity remains constant then n  1/u  n1u1 = n2u2 .
8. C
According to the definition
9. B
10. C
F L dyne 105 N
Y . =  4 2  0.1N / m2
A L cm 2
10 m
11. B
12. C
1 1 2
M   L1   T 
n 2  n1  1 


L



T


 M2   2   2 
1 1 2
 gm   cm   sec 
= 100      
 kg   m   min 
1 2
 gm 
1
 cm   sec 
= 100  3 
  2   
 10 gm   10 cm   60 sec 

3600
n2 =  3 .6
10 3

13. A
Force
Pressure   ML 1 T  2
Area
 Restoring force
Stress   ML1 T  2
Area

14. C
L
Strain   dimensionless quantity
L

15. A
Calorie is the unit of heat i.e., energy. So dimensions of energy  ML2 T 2
16. C
L
= Time constant
R

17. A

By principle of dimensional homogenity  2   P 

a
V 
1 2
 [a]  [P] [V ]  [ML T ]  [L ]
2 6
= [ML5 T 2 ]
18. D
Time constant   [T ] and Viscosity   [ML1 T 1 ]
For options (a), (b) and (c) dimensions are not matching with time constant.
19. D
By putting the dimensions of each quantity both the sides we get [T 1 ]  [M ]x [MT 2 ]y
1 1
Now comparing the dimensions of quantities in both sides we get x  y  0 and 2y  1  x  ,y
2 2

20. C
M 
m = linear density = mass per unit length =  
L

[ A] [MLT 2 ]
A= force = [MLT 2 ]  [B]=   [L2 T 2 ]
[m ] [ML1 ]

This is same dimension as that of latent heat.

21. C
Let v x  kg y z   . Now by substituting the dimensions of each quantities and equating the powers of M, L and T we
get  0 and x  2, y  1, z  1
22. B

From the principle of homogenity  x  has dimensions of T.

v

23. A
By substituting the dimension of each quantity we get T  [ML1 T 2 ]a [L3 M ]b [MT 2 ]c
By solving we get a = – 3/2, b = 1/2 and c = 1
24. B
v  g p h q (given)
By substituting the dimension of each quantity and comparing the powers in both sides we get
[LT 1 ]  [LT 2 ] p [L]q

1 1
 p  q  1,  2 p  1, p  ,q 
2 2
25. A
 mg   M  LT 2 
By substituting dimension of each quantity in R.H.S. of option (a) we get     1 1  = [LT 1 ] .
 r   ML T  L 
This option gives the dimension of velocity.
26. D

[  0 L ] = [C]  X   0 LV  C  V  Q = current
t t t

27. A
1
C velocity of light
 0 0

28. B
L  v x A y F z  L  kv x A y F z

Putting the dimensions in the above relation

[ML2T 1 ]  k[LT 1 ]x [LT 2 ]y [MLT 2 ]z

 [ML2 T 1 ]  k[M z Lx  y  z T  x  2 y  2 z ]
Comparing the powers of M, L and T
z 1 …(i)
x yz  2 …(ii)
 x  2 y  2 z  1 …(iii)
On solving (i), (ii) and (iii) x  3, y  2, z  1
So dimension of L in terms of v, A and f
[L]  [Fv 3 A 2 ]

29. B, C
30. A
Let T  S x r y  z by substituting the dimension of [T ]  [T ]
[S ]  [MT 2 ], [r]  [L], [  ]  [ML3 ]

and by comparing the power of both the sides

x  1 / 2, y  3 / 2, z  1 / 2

r 3
so T  r 3 / S  T  k
S

31. C
Let m  C x G y h z
By substituting the following dimensions :
[C ]  LT 1 ; [G]  [M 1 L3 T 2 ] and [h]  [ML2T 1 ]
Now comparing both sides we will get
x  1 / 2; y  1 / 2, z  1 / 2 So m  c1 / 2G 1 / 2h1 / 2
32. A
R
k     [ML2 T  2 1 ]
N 
33. A
Let n  k  aab T c where [ ]  [ML3 ], [a]  [L] and [T ]  [MT 2 ]
Comparing both sides, we get

   k
1 3 1 1/2 3/2
a
a ,b  and c 
2 2 2 T

34. B
As x  Ka m  t n

M 0
 
LT 0  LT 2  T   L T
m n m 2m n

 m 1 and 2m  n  0  n  2 .
35. D
36. D
CGS SI
N1U1  N 2U2

  
N 1 M 1 L13  N 2 M 2 L23 
3 3
M  L   1 g   1cm 
 N 2  N1  1    1   0 .625   
 M 2   L2   1kg   1m 

 0 .625  10 3  10 6  625

37. C
4 2 l
T  2 l/g  T 2  4 2 l/g  g 
T2
1mm 0 .1 0 .1
Here % error in l =  100   100  0 . 1 % and % error in T =  100  0 .05 %
100 cm 100 2  100
 % error in g = % error in l + 2(% error in T)
 0.1  2  0.05 = 0.2 %
38. B
1
 E  mv 2
2
% Error in K.E.
= % error in mass + 2 × % error in velocity
=2+2×3=8%
39. B
40. B
Number of significant figures are 3, because 10 3 is decimal multiplier.
41. B
4 3
V  r
3
 % error is volume  3  % error in radius
 3  1 = 3%
42. C
Mean time period T = 2.00 sec
& Mean absolute error  T = 0.05 sec.
To express maximum estimate of error, the time period should be written as (2.00  0.05 ) sec

43. B
Here, S  (13 .8  0 .2) m
and t  (4 .0  0 .3) sec
 Expressing it in percentage error, we have,
0 .2
S  13 .8   100 %  13 .8  1 .4 %
13 .8
0 .3
and t  4 .0   100 %  4  7 .5 %
4
s 13 .8  1 .4
V    (3 .45  0 .3) m / s.
t 4  7 .5
44. C
% error in velocity = %error in L + %error in t
0 .2 0 .3
  100   100
13 . 8 4
= 1.44 + 7.5 = 8.94 %
45. C
46. A
1
 0 . 05 Decimal equivalent upto 3 significant figures is 0.0500
20
47. B
48. B
4 3
V  r
3
 % error in volume
 3  % error in radius.
3  0 .1
  100
5 .3

49. A
Since percentage increase in length = 2 %
Hence, percentage increase in area of square sheet
 2  2 % = 4%
50. C
Since for 50.14 cm, significant number = 4 and for 0.00025, significant numbers = 2
51. D
a  b  c  / d  e  So maximum error in a is given by

 a  b c
  100  .  100   .  100
 a  max b c
d e
 .  100   .  100
d e
 b1  c1  d1  e1 %

52. A
Weight in air  (5.00  0.05 ) N
Weight in water  (4.00  0.05) N
Loss of weight in water  (1.00  0.1) N
weight in air
Now relative density 
weight loss in water
5 . 00  0 . 05
i.e. R . D 
1 . 00  0 . 1
Now relative density with max permissible error
5 .00  0 .05 0 .1 
     100  5 .0  (1  10 )%  5.0  11 %
1 .00  5 .00 1 .00 

53. B
 R  V I
  100    100   100
 R  max V I
 5 0 .2
  100   100  (5  2)% = 7%
100 10
54. B
2 . 63  2 .56  2 . 42  2 .71  2 . 80
Average value 
5
 2.62 sec
Now | T1 |  2.63  2.62  0.01
| T2 |  2.62  2.56  0.06
| T3 |  2.62  2.42  0.20
| T4 |  2.71  2.62  0.09
| T5 |  2.80  2.62  0.18
Mean absolute error
| T1 |  | T2 |  | T3 |  | T4 |  | T5 |
T 
5
0 . 54
  0 . 108  0 . 11 sec
5
55. C
Volume of cylinder V  r 2 l
Percentage error in volume
V 2 r l
 100   100   100
V r l
 0 .01 0 .1 
 2  100   100   (1  2)% = 3%
 2 .0 5 .0 

56. C
4 MgL Y  M g L 2D l 
Y  so maximum permissible error in Y =  100         100
D l2 Y  M g L D l 
 1 1 1 1 1 
    2    100  0.065  100  6.5%
 300 981 2820 41 87 
57. B
H  I2R t
H  2 I R t 
  100       100  (2  3  4  6)%  16 %
H  I R t 

58. D
1
Kinetic energy E  mv 2
2
E v2  v 2
  100   100
E v2
 [(1.5)2  1]  100
E
  100  125 %
E
59. C
Quantity C has maximum power. So it brings maximum error in P.
60. C
Given, L  2.331 cm
 2.33 (correct upto two decimal places)
and B  2.1 cm  2.10 cm
 L  B  2.33  2.10  4.43 cm .  4.4 cm

Since minimum significant figure is 2.

61. D
The number of significant figures in all of the given number is 4.
62. C
63. A
Percentage error in X  a  b   c
64. D
Percentage error in A   2  1  3  3  1  2   2 %  14 %
1
 2 
 EXERCISE – 2
1. D
2. B
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. D
By def.

x   1     M0 L1T 0
 Bx    t    B  M 0 L1T1
t   1    M0 L0 T 1

1 2 2
 L  T 
1
D n 2  n1  1   1   10 
meter   sec 
7.
 2  2
L T  km   hr 
1 2
 m   sec 
n 2  10  3     129600
 10 m   3600 sec 

  C  does not represent the dimension of frequency

1
8. D f
2 LC L
9. D [n] = Number of particles crossing a unit area in unit time = [L2 T 1 ]
n2   n1   number of particles per unit volume = [L–3]
[x 2 ]  [x 1 ] = positions

 D 
 
[n] x 2  x 1  L2 T 1  [L]
= L2 T 1  
n2  n1  [L 3 ]
10. C We can derive this equation from equations of motion so it is numerically correct.
Distance
St = distance travelled in tth second =  [LT 1 ]
time
1
u = velocity = [LT 1 ] and a(2 t  1)  [LT 1 ]
2
As dimensions of each term in the given equation are same, hence equation is dimensionally correct also.
11. B,D Length  Gxcyhz
L= [M 1 L3 T 2 ]x [LT 1 ]y [ML2 T 1 ]z
By comparing the power of M, L and T in both sides we get x  z  0 , 3 x  y  2 z  1 and 2 x  y  z  0
By solving above three equations we get
1 3 1
x ,y   ,z 
2 2 2

D By substituting the dimensions of mass [M], length [L] and coefficient of rigidity ML1 T 2  we get T  2
M
12. is
L
the right formula for time period of oscillations
13. A,B,C Reynolds number and coefficient of friction are dimensionless.
Latent heat and gravitational potential both have dimension [L2T 2 ] .
Curie and frequency of a light wave both have dimension [T 1 ] . But dimensions of Planck's constant is [ML2 T 1 ]
and torque is ML2 T 2 
14. A Time  c x G y h z  T  kc x G y h z
Putting the dimensions in the above relation
 [M 0 L0 T 1 ]  [LT 1 ] x [M 1 L3 T 2 ]y [ML2 T 1 ]z
  [M 0 L0 T 1 ]  [M y  z Lx  3 y  2 z T  x  2 y  z ]
Comparing the powers of M, L and T
y  z  0 …(i)
x  3y  2z  0 …(ii)
 x  2y  z  1 …(iii)
On solving equations (i) and (ii) and (iii)
5 1
x ,y  z 
2 2

Hence dimension of time are [G 1 / 2 h1 / 2 c 5 / 2 ]

15. A Let radius of gyration [k ]  [h]x [c]y [G]z
By substituting the dimension of [k ]  [L]
[h]  [ML2 T 1 ], [c]  [LT 1 ], [G]  [M 1 L3 T 2 ]

and by comparing the power of both sides

we can get x  1 / 2, y  3 / 2, z  1 / 2
So dimension of radius of gyration are [h]1 / 2 [c]3 / 2 [G]1 / 2
1 2 4 2
16. D Y  X 2  M L2 T 1A2  [M 3 L2 T 8 A 4 ]
3Z [MT A ]
z
17. A In given equation, should be dimensionless
k
k [ML2 T 2 K 1  K ]
   [ ]   [MLT  2 ]
z [ L]

   [MLT 2 ]
and P   [ ]      [M 0 L2 T 0 ] .
  
p [ ML1  2
T ]
1/2
P F P2  F  F
18. C  2  m  2 2
2l  m  2  
4l  m  l 
 MLT 2 
 [m ]   2  2   [ML1 T 0 ]
 L T 

19. A
M M
20. D  Density,    2
V r L
 M r L
  2 
 M r L
0 .003 0 .005 0 .06
  2 
0 .3 0 .5 6

 0.01  0.02  0.01  0.04


 Percentage error   100  0.04  100  4 %

21. A
 EXERCISE – 3

1. B

[C][ T]
[D] = [T2], = [F] 
[T 2 ]

 C = [MLT –1]

2. C
[B]
= [F]  [B] = [MLT –1]
[T ]

3. A
1 1 1
= 2 1/ 2
=
D [T ] [T ]

4. B
Quantities having same dimensions can only be added & in ln (x) & sin (x), x is always dimensionless.
5. D
Conceptual
6. C
7. C
Quantities having same dimensions can only be added & in ln (x) & sin (x), x is always dimensionless
8. C
[ C ] = [ F] [r 2 ] = ML3T–2

9. D
Kr is dimensionless
[K1 ] = L–1

10. B
11. A
T  padbEc
[T] = [ML–1T–2]a[ML–3]b [ML2T–2]c
MºLºT = Ma + b + c L– a – 3b + 2c T–2a – 2c
a+b+c=0
– a – 3b + 2c = 0
–2a – 2c = 1
12. B
T  padbEc

[T] = [ML–1T–2]a[ML–3]b [ML2T–2]c

MºLºT = Ma + b + c L– a – 3b + 2c T–2a – 2c

a+b+c=0

– a – 3b + 2c = 0
 –2a – 2c = 1

13. C

T  padbEc

[T] = [ML–1T–2]a[ML–3]b [ML2T–2]c

MºLºT = Ma + b + c L– a – 3b + 2c T–2a – 2c

a+b+c=0

– a – 3b + 2c = 0

–2a – 2c = 1
14. A
15. B
16. D
Het   va
 Rb
 Mc
 d
  = k Va Rb mc d
Equating power of same base in dimensional formula of L.H.S. & R.H.S and solving.
2 –1 –1 –1
a= ,b= ,c= ,d=
3 3 3 3
Hince  V2/3
 R–1/3
 ASSERTION AND REASON

1. C Light year and wavelength both represents the distance, so both has dimension of length not of time.
2. D Light year measures distance and year measures time. One light year is the distance traveled by light in one
year.
3. A Addition and subtraction can be done between quantities having same dimension.
4. C Density is not always mass per unit volume.
5. D Rate of flow of liquid is expressed as the volume of liquid flowing per second and it has dimension [L3 T 1 ].
6. A
7. A As the distance of star increases, the parallax angle decreases, and great degree of accuracy is required for its
measurement. Keeping in view the practical limitation in measuring the parallax angle, the maximum distance
of a star we can measure is limited to 100 light year.
8. C Since zeros placed to the left of the number are never significant, but zeros placed to right of the number are
significant.
9. B The last number is most accurate because it has greatest significant figure (3).
10. A As length, mass and time represent our basic scientific notations, therefore they are called fundamental
quantities and they cannot be obtained from each other.
11. C Because density can be derived from fundamental quantities.
12. C Because representation of standard metre in terms of wavelength of light is most accurate.
13. A As radar is most accurate instrument used to detect aeroplane in sky based on principle of reflection of radio
waves.
14. C As surface tension and surface energy both have different S.I. unit and same dimensional formula.
15. C As  (angular velocity) has the dimension of [T 1 ] not [T ] .
16. E Radian is the unit of plane angle.
17. B A.U. is used (Astronomical units) to measure the average distance of the centre of the sun from the centre of
the earth, while angstrom is used for very short distances. 1 A.U. = 1.5  10 11 m; 1 Å  10 10 m .
18. C We know that Q  n1u1  n 2 u 2 are the two units of measurement of the quantity Q and n1, n2 are their
respective numerical values. From relation Q1  n1u1  n 2 u 2 , nu = constant  n  1 / u i.e., smaller the unit of
measurement, greater is its numerical value.
19. C Dimensional constants are the quantities whose value are constant and they posses dimensions. For example,
velocity of light in vacuum, universal gravitational constant, Boltzman constant, Planck’s constant etc.
20. E Let us write the dimension of various quantities on two sides of the given relation.

LT 2
L.H.S.  T  [T ], R.H.S.  2 g / l   [T 1 ]
L

(  2 has no dimension). As dimensions of L.H.S. is not equal to dimension of R.H.S. therefore according to
principle of homogeneity the relation

T  2 g / l is not valid.
 T
21. B From, f  1 T
, f2  2
2l m 4l m

[MLT 2 ] M
or, m  T2   
Mass
= linear mass density.
4l f 2
L2 T  2 L length

22. A According to statement of reason, as the graph is a straight line, P  Q, or P = constant  Q

i.e. P = constant
Q

23. C Avogadro number (N) represents the number of atoms in 1 gram mole of an element, i.e. it has the dimensions
of mole-1.
24. A Unit of quantity (L/R) is Henry/ohm.
As Henry = ohm  sec, hence unit of L/R is sec i.e.
[L/R] = [T].
Similarly, unit of product CR is farad  ohm or,

or, Sec  Amp or, sec i.e. [CR] =

Coulomb Volt

Volt Amp Amp

[T] therefore [L/R] and [CR] both have the same dimension.
25. B Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
[ 0 ]  [M 1 L3 T 4 I 2 ] , [ 0 ]  [MLT 2 I 2 ]

1 9  10 9
   9  10 16
( 0 / 4 )  4E0 10  7

 3  10 8 m / s.

1
Therefore has dimension of velocity and numerically equal to velocity of light.
0 0
 PREVIOUS YEAR SOLUTIONS

1. C
Given: least count = 0.01 and number of circular scale divisions = 50.
 Pitch  L.C  No. of circular scale division
 0.01  50  0.5 mm.
2. C

A 2 B1/2
X Maximum percentage error in X
C1/3 D3

 dX   dA 1 dB 1 dC dD 
  100   2   3   100
 X   A 2 B 3 C D

1 1
 2 1   2   3  3  4  16%
2 3

3. C

If n divisions of vernier sale coincides with (n – 1) divisions of main scale.

There fore, n VSD   n  1 MSD

 Least count  1 MSD  1 VSD  1 MSD 

 n  1 MSD
n

1 1 1  1 
   2 cm  1MSD  cm
n n n  n 

4. D
Diameter of the ball
 MSR  CSR   Least count   Zero error
 5 mm  25  0.001cm   0.004  cm
 0.5 cm  25  0.001cm   0.004  cm  0.529 cm.

5. C
a 3 b2
As P  % error in P is
cd
P   a   b  c d 
 100  3    2    100
P   b   b  c d 
 3 1%  2  2%  3%  4%  14%
6. B
1
From the relation, h  ut  gt 2
2
1 2h
h  gt 2  g  2  body initially at rest 
2 t
Taking natural logarithm on both sides, we get
In g  ln h  2 ln t
g h t
Differentiating,  2
g h t
 For maximum permissible error,
 g   h   t 
Or  100     100   2    100 
 g max  h   t 
According to problem
h t
100  e1 and 100  e2
h t
 g 
Therefore,  100   e1  2e2
 g max
7. D
4 4 
V  R 3 ;ln V  ln     ln R 3
3 3 
dV dR
Differentiating, 3
V R
Error in the determination of the volume  3  2%  6%
8. D
 m  3  l  2
Maximum error in mass    3%  and maximum error in length    2% 
 m  100  l  100
Maximum error in the measurement of density
 m  l  3  2  3 6 9
   3     3     9%
 m  l  100  100  100 100 100
9. A
2
Percentage error in mass = 2%  and
100
3
Percentage error in speed  3% 
100
1
K.E.  mv2
2
Therefore the error in measurement of kinetic energy
 K.E. m  3 8
  2  2   8%
K.E. m  100 100
10. B
mass m
Density   .... i 
volume V
Take logarithm to take base e on the both sides of eqn (i), we get
ln   ln m  ln V ... ii 
Differentiate eqn (ii), on both sides, we get
 m V
 
 m V
Errors are always added.
Errors in the density  will be
 m V 
   100%
 m V 
 0.01 0.1 
    100%  2%
 22.42 4.7 
11. B
9.99  0.0099  9.9801 m
Least number of significant figure are 3. Hence, required answer will be 9.98 m.
12. D
Pressure
force mass  acceleration
P 
area area
1 2
M LT
 P   2
  M1L1T 2   Ma Lb T c .
L
a  1, b  1, c  2.
13. D
Dimensions of P  ML1T 2 

Dimensions of r   L
Dimensions of    LT 1 

Dimensions of l   L 

 P r 2  x 2 
 Dimensions of  
 4l 
 ML1T 2   L2 
   ML1T 1 
 LT   L 
1

14. D
f  amx k y ... i 
Dimensions of frequency f  M0 L0T 1 

Dimensions of constant a  M0 L0T0 

Dimensions of mass m = [M]
Dimensions f spring constant k = [MT-2]
Putting these value in equation (i), we get M0 L0T1    M MT2 
x y

Applying principle of homogeneity of dimensions, we get

xy0
1 1
2y  1 or y  , x  
2 2