APPLICATIONS OF GENE CLONING IN BASIC AND APPLIED RESEARCH :

A clone is an exact copy of an organism, organ, single cell, organelle or

macromolecules.
Gene Cloning : The insertion of a fragment of DNA carrying a gene into a cloning vector
and subsequent propagation of recombinant DNA molecules into many copies is known as
gene cloning.
Applications :
1.Biotechnical applications :
 Gene cloning use to produce of large quantities of a specific, desired gene or section
of DNA to produce identical copies.
 The purpose of gene cloning is to yield large quantities of a particular gene or its
Protein product.
2.Gene Structure :
 The structure or sequence of a gene can also be determined by cloning. A gene of
interest is isolated and sequenced to know the sequence variations within.
3.Mutational studies and identification of mutations:
 gene cloning technique was used in the identification of mutations and other
mutagenesis studies
4.Construction of genetically modified organisms :
 The technique of gene cloning is widely employed in the construction of genetically
modified organisms using the recombinant DNA technique. A transgene or
recombinant DNA can be inserted in bacteria, plants, mice and other organisms to
alter the traits, phenotype and study the function of a gene or disease model

5.Medicinal applications :
 Proteins , vaccines and antibiotics are all produced by the process of cloning.
 Gene cloning plays an important role in the synthesis of vitamins, harmones and
antibiotics.
6.Agricultural applications :

 In agriculture cloning is employed to produce pest resistant plants.

 In agriculture we can produce nitrogen fixing bacteria along with the desired genes
and that are useful for the plants and increases the crop productivity and health.
 Cloning is utilized to create transgenic animals and for gene therapy
7.Gene Therapy :
 The process in which defective gene is removed inserting a new and healthy gene into
its place is known as gene therapy. Leukaemia and sickle cell anaemia can treated
using this process.