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Design of Portable Land Parameter Measuring Device

Conference Paper · June 2019

DOI: 10.1109/ICACCS.2019.8728366

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 2019 5th International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)

Design of Portable Land Parameter

Measuring Device
Akalya. M
Ganesh Prabhu .S Abirami. P
Department of ECE
Department of ECE Department of ECE
Sri Krishna College of Technology
Sri Krishna College of Technology Sri Krishna College of Technology
Coimbatore, India
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
akalyamuthu2297@gmail.com
s.ganeshprabhu@skct.edu.in abhiramee005@gmail.com

Agalya. E
Department of ECE
Sri Krishna College of Technology
Coimbatore, India
agalyaelangovan02@gmail.com

Abstract ----- In today’s world, everyone has developed a
great interest towards automation. Automation in
agriculture was a big dream for many farmers, It is achieved
with the help of drones. The main concept of our paper is to
reduce farmer’s time and increase the yield by implementing
IOT in the field. It checks the moisture level in the soil and
the values are viewed by farmer in his mobile. When the
value reaches the threshold automatically the motor pump
switches ON for particular time. This method saves farmers
from getting health issues due to spraying fertilizers/
pesticides. A submersible motor is used and controlled by
allotting a channel in the transmitter of the drone. The soil
moisture sensor is attached to the drone so as to send
continuous data to the farmer using Blynk to his mobile, this
sensor data also control the motor which is attached to
another microcontroller. In future this device can be
implemented to monitor the crops autonomously with the
help of GPS.
Keywords—Automation,drones, IOT, Blynk,
microcontroller, GPS.
I. INTRODUCTION
Drones has become more interesting and fantasy in
now-a-days. They have entered in almost all the fields and
are successful. Two major problems noted in farming are
amount of water in the field and spraying of pesticides.
When moisture present in the soil is excess in its level, it
damages the crop, even if there is no availability of water,
crops dies due to dry land as a result of which production
decreases. Another problem was that during manual
spraying of pesticides/fertilizers, farmers develop health
issues like eye irritation, skin problems an respiratory
problems. So as to avoid these circumstances drone sprays
fertilizers. The level of spraying is determined by the
switch in RC transmitter. With the help of developing
technology IOT , the sensor data’s are viewed in mobile
and an e-mail alert is given when the values are very low
than the set threshold . By this the farmer’s time is
consumed. He can sit in a particular place and pilot the
drone. Piloting has also become easy now-a-days with the
help of Ardupilot and mission planner.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
The word automation doesn’t have any limit and it’s
application in agricultural lands makes farming an
interesting, effortless and easy process. Considerable
amount of changes can be noted after using IOT and
drones in fields. Even though this method seems to be
most efficient, it has some limitations which will be
implemented in the continuation of this project. One of that
is autonomous piloting, by which the farmer pilot the
drone without any knowledge, but it requires more
knowledge about the software and cost of the hardware
increases. The existing method provided a solution just for
monitoring the crops, controlling the motor automatically
with the help of I2C protocol.
III. DRONE
Normal methods adopted to find the moisture
parameter are not portable and often changes occur in their
position and direction. With the help of drones the sensor
becomes portable. By monitoring the values continuously
changes can be easily noted. Today’s major threat for
agriculture is water problems. Either there is excess flow
or nothing. Moisture level required for each crop and land
varies. By decreasing the throttle the payload of the drone
can be increased, so that more amount of load can be
carried by it. This technique was first used around the year
2015 for spraying water throughout the land. Manual work
is reduced in this method. Our technique can be
encapsulated as below:
 An automated water pump motor which is controlled
with the help of IOT which consists of quad and soil
moisture sensor.
 Spraying pesticides with the help of RC transmitter by
allotting a separate channel with the help of APM
board and RC receiver.
IV. PLANNED MODULE
This design consists of soil moisture sensor which is
placed at the end of the rod attached to the drone and is
connected to the NodeMcu, a micro-controller with in-built
wifi component. The sensor is made to read analog values
by connecting it to the analog pin. The range of the sensor
varies from 10 to 1024 ppm. Higher value indicates dry
land and lower value indicates moisture land. NodeMcu is
connected to blynk with the help of wifi module. A gauge
and e-mail box is placed on the blynk platform for
indicating the moisture value and to send e-mail alert when
the value exceeds the threshold. This module makes use of
I2C protocol, where NodeMcu is made to work as master
and Arduino as slave. Datas from the master are read by
the slave and slave is programmed in such a way that once

978-1-5386-9533-3/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE 357

 2019 5th International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)

it meets the threshold value automatically the motor V. OUTPUT

connected with the H-bridge turns ON and once the value The values are read by the serial monitor used in IDE ,
reaches the value less than threshold, the water pump which are similar to the values displayed in the gauge used
motor turns OFF. The estimated payload for F450 is about in blynk.
4 kgs. A small water reservoir is attached to the drone with
a submessible motor which draws water from that tank and
leads water out with the help of sharp nozzle. The water
tank consists of a mixture of water and pesticide. This
motor is attached directly to the channel 5 of the RC
receiver and transmitter. Switch C is connected to the
channel 5, so that by controlling the knob of the switch in
transmitter , the flow of pesticide can be controlled.

Fig.3. E-mail alert generated

Fig.1. Block diagram

A. Arduino Requisite
The need for arduino here is to control the DC electric
water motor pump without manual help by getting values
from the NodeMcu. It is coded using arduino IDE 1.8.5.

B. Nodemcu Requisite
NodeMcu is used to read values from the sensor
instantly and transfer them to the blynk cloud with the help
of in-built ESP module and acts as master by sending data
simultaneously to arduino. The need for this board is that it
acts as both microcontroller and wifi module.

C. GSM Module Requisite

This module provides long range data communication.
The distance is approximately 2 Kilometres. It does not Fig.4. Serial Monitor Output
require line of sight arrangement. The transceiver module
is connected with arduino. The control from the GSM
module is sent only if the value is greater than the
threshold.

D. Blynk Requisite
Blynk is an IOT platform which is very portable and
applicable for usage in both laptops and mobile phones. It
is connected when the controller is provided with internet
facility. The time of reading datas can be adjusted using
the blynk application.

Fig.5. Designed Drone

Fig.2. Blynk Output

358
 2019 5th International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication Systems (ICACCS)

VI. METRICES Conference[Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics, Volume 92],

Springer, Matsushima, Miyagi, Japan, pp.219-232.
As per our experiment in a land of [10] Mohammad A. Alsharif, Yunus E.Arslantas, Mattew S. Holzel, “
5500sq.feet(550*10), following results occurred: Advanced PID attitude control of a quadcopter using asynchronous
android flight data” Control and Automation (MED) 2017 25th
S. No. Area of each Position of pump Time taken Mediterranean Conference on,pp. 1023-1028, 2017.
part (Sq.feet) (from centre) to spray [11] Ganesh Prabhu.S, R.R.Thirrunavukkarasu, S.Logesh Kumar,
entire land Karthik.S “Big Data Prologue Linking Cloud Computing to
(hrs) Ascertain the Smart Polling” International Journal of Current
1 2750 (2749,1) 1.2 Engineering and Scientific Research ISSN (Print): 2393-8374,
(Online): 2394-0697, Volume-4, Issue-9, 2017.
2 2750 (100,5) 1.25
[12] Ganesh Prabhu.S, R.R.Thirrunavukkarasu, S.Logesh Kumar,
Karthik.S “Lowering Glucose Elevations using Smart Head-on
conjunction through virtual Congruence of Cloud on Internet”
International Journal of Engineering Research in Computer Science
and Engineering (IJERCSE) Vol 4, Issue 10, October 2017
CONCLUSION
Agricultural drones provides farmers full monitoring to
the field without much effort. Combination of embedded
and information technology in agriculture produces an
interesting and satisfying farming experience . The practice
of using drones is a new thing in our country, whereas in
other countries they have succeeded. Every time the
farmer need not check for the moisture or go inside the
crops to spray some pesticides/fertilizers. Even though
initial cost exceeds than normal farming energy and time
of farmers are consumed.

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