1. We are all interconnected, and indeed, no man is an island.

Cite example on how

everything on earth is interconnected.
Answer:
Take for instance your diet. Humans eat all variety of foods and rarely give a
thought to how all these complex molecules are turned into fuel for your body. Although
our own digestive enzymes are doing a large portion of the work, we also microbes that
lend their hand in this process. They help our bodies digest foods that have not been
digested by the stomach or small intestine.

2. What is a cycle? A system?

Answer:
A cycle is a series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order. A
system pertains to interdependent or interrelated objects comprising and functioning as a
whole.

3. What is the process of convection? What factors operate in a substance so that the
substance will convect or flow? (Like the astenosphere) What is electromagnetism? How
does an electric field form? How does a magnetic field flow?( relate it to the core of the
earth?
Answer:
 Convection is the process of heat transfer by the bulk movement of molecules
within fluids such as gases and liquids. The initial heat transfer between the object
and the fluid takes place through conduction, but the bulk heat transfer happens
due to the motion of the fluid.
 Forced convection depends on the kind and physical properties of the fluid, its
temperature, flow, velocity, the shape and size of the passage in which forced
flow of liquid occurs.
Spontaneous convection is driven by buoyancy for the most part and surface
tension to a lesser extent.
 exposed surface area.
 viscosity.
 density.
 conductivity (when conductivity is high, there is no need for convection)
 acceleration due to gravity.
 Electromagnetism is a branch of physics involving the study of the electromagnetic
force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles.
The electromagnetic force is carried by electromagnetic fields composed of electric
fields and magnetic fields, and it is responsible for electromagnetic radiation such as
light.
  Electric field is created due to charge. It is just a representation of the electric force a
unit test charge experiences when placed near the source charge. Again if the source
charge is in motion it creates magnetic field. A combination of changing electric field
and changing magnetic field produces Electromagnetic Waves.
 The direction of the magnetic field is tangent to the field line at any point in space.
Magnetic field lines are continuous, forming closed loops without beginning or end.
They go from the north pole to the south pole. The magnetic field of Earth is caused
by currents of electricity that flow in the molten core. These currents are hundreds of
miles wide and flow at thousands of miles per hour as the earth rotates. The powerful
magnetic field passes out through the core of the earth, passes through the crust and
enters space.

4. According to scientific prognosis, the polar bears and some penguin species will be
extinct by 2030? Why?
Answer:
Ocean accounts for more than half of the surface area of the Arctic region. Many
Arctic life forms rely on the sea’s biological productivity and on the presence of sea ice,
two factors that are highly dependant on climatic conditions.
Polar bears give birth and hunt on sea ice and they need it to travel from one region to
another. Survival of mothers and cubs in the spring depends on the mothers’ hunting
success, which, in turn, depends on the stability and extent of sea ice. Less winter sea ice
means that female polar bears have to go longer without food, which impacts their fat
stores, and, in turn, their reproductive success.
Complete loss of summer sea-ice cover, which may occur in the course of this
century, could threaten the survival of polar bears as a species or force them to adopt a
land-based summer lifestyle. Living on land would not be without risks due to
competition with other predators, possible cross breeding with brown or grizzly bears,
and interactions with humans.
Emperor penguins are especially vulnerable to climate change because, like polar
bears in the Arctic, they depend on sea ice for vital life activities like breeding, feeding,
and molting. And not just any ice conditions will do for the penguins.