General Concepts on

OSH

Melveen M. Melocoton, RN
Officer-in-Charge
OSHC-REU6 (Western Visayas)
Session Objective:

At the end of the session, the participants

will be able to define and discuss the
general concepts of OSH towards effective
OSH implementation in the workplace.

Department of Labor and Employment

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
H. W. Heinrich, Domino Theory

Department of Labor and Employment

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
 Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
 Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
 Safety Hazards
✓Working conditions resulting
to injury.
✓Immediately observed
(broken bones, cuts, bruises,
sprains, loss of limbs, etc)
✓Associated with poorly
guarded or dangerous
equipment and machinery.
Health Hazards
✓Working conditions resulting
to illness.
✓Health effects of hazards are
not immediately observed.
✓Associated with exposure to
dangerous substances or
conditions, such as chemicals,
gases, dusts, noise etc.
ACCIDENT
• An occurrence or event that is
unexpected/ unforeseen, unplanned
and unwanted.

• Leads to:
▪ loss; damage
▪ injury
▪ death
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Common Reasons for Accidents
Layman’s version:
• ‘Oras na kasi niya, hayaan na siyang
mamahinga!’
• ‘Ang malas naman niya!’
• ‘T**** kasi niya!’
• ‘Kasama sa trabaho yan!’

These are not real causes - - -

only EXCUSES
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Accident causation
PEOPLE MATERIALS
Workforce Used, worked or made
Management of the
workforce EQUIPMENT
Policies Tools and Machinery
Behavior

ENVIRONMENT
Physical surroundings
Natural environment
Community, social & legal influences

Accident causation refers to the factors that

are the primary reasons behind an accident.
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
H. W. Heinrich, Domino Theory
Study of Accidents
• 98% – Preventable
o 88% - Unsafe/Unhealthy Acts
o 10% - Unsafe/Unhealthy
Conditions
• 2%* – Non-Preventable
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
H. W. Heinrich, Domino Theory

Department of Labor and Employment

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Unsafe / Unhealthy ACT
• A human action that departs from a standard or written
job procedure or common practice, safety rules,
regulations, or instructions.
• A violation of a commonly-accepted safe procedures and
or processes.

Unsafe/Unhealthy Condition
• The physical or chemical property of a material, machine
or the environment that may result in injury to a person,
damage or destruction to property and other losses.
• A condition that could have been guarded or prevented.
 As safety officers, you need to:
• Identify the unsafe/unhealthy acts and
conditions in your workplaces

• Implement control measures to prevent

accidents and illnesses
A fatal accident is just the TIP of the iceberg

1 Death
10 serious accidents
100 minor injuries
1,000 hazardous occurrences
10,000 unsafe/unhealthy acts & conditions
WORKSHOP
Instructions
• The participants will be divided into (4) teams.
• Each team will select their leader, secretary
and presenter.
• Each team will be provided with a (1) whole
craft paper, (10) light blue cards, (10) white
cards, (2) permanent markers, (1) roll of
masking tape.

Department of Labor and Employment

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Instructions
• Each team shall divide their craft papers into
two columns.
• The left column will be labelled as ACTS,
while the right column will be labelled as
CONDITIONS.
• Each group will write down in the cards as
many specific UNSAFE/UNHEALTHY ACTS and
CONDITIONS they can think of.
WHITE – Acts Light Blue – Conditions
Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Instructions
• Each team will compete with each other for
the most correct acts and conditions
identified.
• There will be a time allotment of 15min. for
each team to discuss, write and stick to the
craft paper.
• After 15min., we will check the answers.

* BE SPECIFIC WITH YOUR ANSWERS *

Department of Labor and Employment
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
SAMPLE
ACTS CONDITIONS
Removing safety guards in Presence of flammable chemicals
machines in the laboratory

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Clear Points

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
Clear Points
• Accidents and injuries result to losses of lives,
limbs, time and property.

• Most accidents at work could have been prevented.

Unsafe and unhealthy acts and conditions in the
workplace must be addressed.

• Every workplace has different hazards, risk, levels

of exposure. Tailor fit your OSH response to your
risk classification.

Department of Labor and Employment

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH CENTER
 Kita tanan
pwede maging
OSH CHAMPIONS!

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