I.

Choose the best answer to fill in the blank in the following sentences:
Unit 1:
1. _____is a medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of
older adults.
A. Geriatrix B. Geriatrician C. Geriatric D. Geriatrics
2. What Isolation room refer to?
A. A special hospital rooms that keep patients with certain medical conditions
separate from other people while they receive medical care.
B. A room provided for the use of people who are waiting to be seen by a doctor or dentist
or who are waiting in a station for a bus or train.
C. A special hospital rooms that keep patients with certain medical conditions separate from
other people after they receive medical care.
D. the department of a hospital that provides immediate treatment for acute illnesses and
trauma.
3. Psychiatrists and psychologists: what's the difference?
A. Psychiatrists understand how your brain works, psychologists are not.
B. Psychiatrists are medical doctors, psychologists are not.
C. Psychologists prescribe medication, Psychiatrists can't.
D. Psychologists understand how your brain works, Psychiatrists are not.
Unit 2:
4. The word root “mouth” means
A. Stomat/
B. Stomach/
C. Laryng/
D. Ot/
5. a small circular area, in particular the ring of pigmented skin surrounding a nipple.
A. Areola
B. Mamma
C. Alveola
D. Breast
6. a condition of the skin in which it becomes red, swollen, and sore, sometimes with small
blisters, resulting from direct irritation of the skin by an external agent or an allergic reaction to it.
A. Dermatitis
B. Cyanosis
C. Adenoma
D. Otitis
Unit 3:
7. What is the heaviest organ in the body?
A. Liver
B. Brain
C. Lung
D. Stomach
8. The organ responsible for both exocrine and endocrine function?
A. Liver
B. Gallbladder
C. Salivary
D. Sebaceous glands
9._________ is the hernia of urinary bladder:
A. Cystocele
B. Cholecystocele
 C. Amenorrhea
D. Metrorrhagia
Unit 4:
10. A type of cells that formed and released into the bloodstream by precursor cells called
megakaryocytes
A. Platelets
B. Erythrocyte
C. Leukocyte
D. Macrophage
11. A substance that is naturally produced by the kidneys, and that stimulates the bone
marrow to make red blood cells.
A. Adrenalin
B. Erythropoietin
C. ESAs
D. Erythrocyte
12. A blood clot transported by the blood stream is a(n)
A. Platelet plug
B. Embolus
C. Thrombus
D. Thrombin clot
Unit 5:
13. How many bones are there in children?
A. 310
B. 320
C. 300
D. 206
14. The hormone promotes the growth of bone?
A. Testosterone
B. Adrenaline
C. PRH
D. Cortisol
15. Type of bone break most often leads to death in people over 65?
A. Skull fracture
B. Spine fracture
C. Hip fracture
D. Collarbone fracture
When a forensic expert examines a skeleton, they can tell:
A. Age
B. Gender
C. Certain causes of death
D. All of the above
Unit 6:
16. Dopamine is an important neurotransmitter. Which disease or disorder results when the
neurons in the brain that produce dopamine die?
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Lou Gehrig disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
C. Parkinson disease
D. Seizure disorder
17.Cerebral palsy affects neurons in which part of the body?
A. Brain
 B. Spine
C. Muscles
D. None of the above
18. What is a common neurotransmitter?
A. Acetylcholine
B. GABA
C. Serotonin
D. All of the above
19. A pair of hormones are increased when you face to stressed
A. Cortisol and adrenalin
B. Cortisol and andosterone
C. PRH and adrenalin
D. Adrenalin and andosterone
.....

II. Reading the text. Choose the best answer for each questions.
HORMONES
Hormones are substances that are secreted (or released) by cells that act to regulate the activity
of other cells in the body. As a result, many activities in the human body are regulated by
hormones. For example, reacting to fear, developing male or female characteristics, and growing
taller are all regulated by hormones. Hormones are important to keep your body functioning.
There are four major functions identified with hormones. Hormones regulate growth,
development, behavior, and reproduction. Hormones coordinate the production, use and storage
of energy. Hormones are involved in maintaining nutrition, metabolism, excretion, and water and
salt balance. And finally, hormones react to stimuli from outside the body.
Hormones act as chemical messengers that carry instructions to other cells to change their
activity. The heart beats faster as hormones carry instructions to the cells of the heart telling it to
increase the heartbeat. It was once believed that hormones had to travel through the
bloodstream, but scientists know today that that is not true. Some hormones act directly on
adjacent cells without traveling through the blood.
The message that a hormone carries is determined by both the hormone itself and the cell it is
carrying the message to. A hormone can instruct a cell to produce an enzyme or a specific
protein. Simply put, hormones can instruct a muscle cell to relax and a nerve cell to fire.
Each hormone is specific to the cell it is traveling to. Each hormone acts like a key that opens a
lock on or inside the cell. A hormone can only act on cells with the right lock.
Endocrine glands are important organs in the human body that hormones are secreted from. All
of the endocrine glands together make up the endocrine system. The endocrine system
coordinates the body's entire source of hormones.
There are several other organs that contain cells that secrete hormones. These organs include
the brain, stomach, small intestine, kidney, liver, and heart.
The endocrine system and the nervous system interact to coordinate the overall activity of the
body., and hormones play an important role.
The chemical messengers for the nervous system are known as neurotransmitters while the
chemical messengers for the endocrine system are known as hormones. There are some nerve
cells that are able to secrete hormones. For example, epinephrine is both a neurotransmitter and
a hormone.
Hormones are normally a slower-acting and longer-lived messenger whereas the
neurotransmitters are usually fast-acting and short-lived. The effect of a hormone can last for
days, weeks, or even years.
After a hormone is released from the cell in which it is made, they bind and act on target cells. A
target cell is a specific cell a hormone binds to and carries the message. If the hormone was not
specific, all the cells in the body would react to a hormone resulting in uncoordinated activities.
Finally, there are two main hormone classifications. They are either amino-acid-based hormones
or they are steroid-based hormones. Amino-acid-based hormones are water soluble and made
up of amino acids. Steroid-based hormones are lipid hormones made from cholesterol and are
fat soluble.
Since the human body makes more than 40 hormones, it is important that the release of them is
regulated regardless of which hormone is being produced.
36) How many hormones does the human body produce?

A: 2
B: 10
C: 25
D: 40

37) Which of the following is NOT regulated by hormones?

A: Growth
B: Development
C: Behavior
D: Hearing

38) Hormones coordinate the production, use, and storage of which of the following?

A: Energy
B: Emotions
C: Force
D: Balance

39) Amino-acid-based hormones are which of the following?

A: Fat soluble
B: Water soluble
C: Tissue soluble
D: Bone soluble

40) Which of the following times the time of the effects of hormone?
A: Seconds, minutes or even an hour
B: Minutes, hours, or even a day
C: Hours, days or even a week
D: Days, weeks or even a year

III. CHOOSE THE BEST WORD TO FILL THE BLANK

BONES
Bones support the human body. They are the structure on which the skin hangs. Without bones
the body would collapse. A person could not walk or run. Bones provide both support and
protection for parts of the body.
In the front of the body the bony rib cage covers the chest. Underneath are the heart and lungs.
The ribs are bones which protect the heart, lungs and stomach in case of injury.
The skull protects the … (41)….The bones in the back (or spine) protect the nerves of the spinal
column.
The bones store minerals needed by other parts of the body. When the minerals are needed,
they will be released into the blood. They also form new red and white blood cells each day. New
bone is still made until a person reaches the age of thirty-five. When a person gets much older,
the bones start to weaken. The minerals begin to disappear from the bones.
Besides storing minerals and forming blood cells, the bones work with… (42)…. and joints. They
allow movement in the body. The place where two bones come together is called a joint. The
knee joint is the biggest and strongest joint in the body. Ligaments link bones together at the
joints. They are very strong and can stretch. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons. The
muscles and ……(43)……together allow the bones move.
The whole bone structure of the body is called the skeleton. The skull protects the brain, eyes,
face, jaw and ears. …(44)…….make up the column of bones running down the back. Between
each vertebra is a small cushion called a disk. The vertebrae are hollow. Nerves run down
through the hollow parts to the whole body.
Knees, hands, feet and legs all have different kinds of bones. Some of these bones can move
freely. Some are bound tightly together. Arm bones are connected at the top to the collarbone
and shoulder bone. They are connected at the bottom to the hand. Leg bones are attached to the
spine at the top by the group of bones called the pelvis. The upper part of the leg is the thigh
bone. It forms part of the knee. The lower part of the leg is made up of two bones. They are
attached to the foot at the bottom.
Bones are actually living cells. The bones grow and change over time. A person is born with
three hundred bones. Some of these bones can join together. By the time a person becomes an
adult, he will have only about two hundred and six bones.
In summary, bones are a necessary part of the body. They provide protection and support for the
vital ……(45)……., like the heart, brain and lungs. The bones are strong and can handle heavy
weights. They allow a person to walk. They work with muscles to help the body move and
stretch. The 206 bones of the body include the ribs, skull, spine, vertebrae, thigh bone, and many
more.
Choose the best word to fill the blank
41. A. brain. B. cerebrum. C. brainstem D . cerebellum
42. A. muscles. B. ligament. C. skeleton. D. cartilage
43. A. muscles. B. tendons. C. joints. D. cavities
44. A. ribs. B. skull. C. vertebrae. D. spine
45. A. systems. B. cells. C. organs. D. glands
IV.: choose the best line to fill in each blank
BLOOD AND THE BODY
The average person has about one to one and a half gallons of a liquid inside its body called
blood. Blood is the most essential and important part of the body's circulatory system. The
circulatory system is…….(46)…….. throughout the body through blood vessels. The heart is the
pump that makes it all happen.
Blood has several ingredients found inside the body that are mixed together. Bone marrow,
located inside the bones of the body, makes most of these ingredients that come together to
produce blood. They include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. In addition, a fourth
ingredient called plasma, which is mostly water, is another important component of blood. Each
of these components have a special function for the body.
Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. It is the most abundant of the different cells
inside the blood. A chemical called hemoglobin is carried by the red blood cells and gives blood
its red color, and carries the oxygen too all parts of the body. The hemoglobin……. (47)………….
White blood cells help the body fight infections and are larger than red blood cells. They are not
as abundant as red blood cells especially when a person is healthy. However, they increase in
number when a person gets sick in order to fight off the illness. There are three kinds of white
blood cells.
Granulocytes help heal wounds after an injury, prevent infections, and kills germs before they
enter the body. Lymphocytes…..(48)….. .B cells help produce antibodies which gets rid of germs
when a person like bacteria or viruses. These cells also help prevent a person from getting the
same germ in the future. T cells also battle germs by producing special chemicals to fight
infections. Monocytes surround and destroy bacteria and viruses which can cause infections.
Platelets are cells that help stop the body from bleeding if it gets cut. When a person's skin is
broken blood vessels are also cut. The platelets send out a chemical signal for the cut to
eventually clot and stop bleeding by sticking together. The blood vessels heal during the process
of clotting. Without platelets the bleeding would never stop.
Plasma is a yellowish liquid that carries hormones, nutrients, and proteins throughout the body. It
…(49)……come from the chemicals in digested food. The chemicals give the body energy and
other things the cells of the body need to keep it working and healthy. The hormones carried by
the plasma carry messages throughout the body that gets muscles and bones to grow. The
proteins in the body work with the platelets to help with clotting. Plasma also carries away cell
waste.
Finally, even though everybody's blood is red, it is not all the same. There are eight different
blood types which are…. (50)……... The letters represent specific proteins found on the red
blood cells, and not everyone has the same proteins. A person's blood type is also either positive
or negative, which tells whether the body has a special protein called 'Rh'.
In summary, blood is important for the body, which contains four major components, red and
white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. The blood inside the body helps keep a person well,
which is why it is important to eat healthy so a person can get the vitamins and minerals it needs.
Choose the best line to fill in each blank
A. responsible for the movement of blood
B. receives the oxygen each time a person breathes.
C. include B cells and T cells
D. is mostly made of water but the nutrients
E. using the letters A, B, and O

46-_____47-.....___48 - ....... 49-.....__ 50-......

V. Identify ONE mistake in each sentence.

1. The patient complainted about post - operative discomfort

A. the B.complainted C.about. D.discomfort
2. The question :" Do you get period pains?" is used to ask about menorrhagia
A. Get B. Used. C.ask. D. Menorrhagia
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