METU/SFL Spring 2024

DBE UPPER-INTERMEDIATE GROUP

ACTIVE VOCABULARY LIST FOR SPAN 1

WEEK 1

SKILLFUL 3 Reading & Writing UNIT 1

Video – Wearable Tech

• gadget (n)
• fitness tracker (n)
• rhythm (n)
• pulse (n)
• alert (adj)
alertness (n)
• bio-data (n)
Reading 1 – Social Identity Reading 2 – How Permanent is your personality?
• to categorize (v) • correlation (n)
easy to categorize no/low/high correlation between A and B
categorize things into • to tend (v)
• to confirm (v) to tend to believe that
• consequence (n) • current (adj)
think about the consequences a more current study
serious consequences a current event/employee
• debate (n) • frustrated (adj)
to have a debate over / debates over sth feel frustrated with sb/oneself
• to define (v) • to suggest (v)
difficult to define results of the research suggest that
• desirable (adj) new evidence suggests that
desirable qualities/characteristics • participant (n)
• mature (v) half of the participants
mature quicker • to rate (v)
• tension (n) to be rated very high
to reduce tensions between to rate oneself
tensions arise over sth • modest (adj)
• affiliation (n) a modest person
• to foster (v) a modest correlation
• rivalry (n) • conscientiousness (n)
• sibling (n) • perseverance (n)
Vocabulary Development – Identity Types Academic words
• extroverted (adj) • comprehensive (adj)
• feeling (adj) a comprehensive study
• introverted (adj) • journal (n)
• intuitive (adj) psychology journal
• judging (adj) • outcome (n)
• perceiving (adj) surprised by the outcome

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• sensing (adj) • scope (n)
• thinking (adj) the scope of the study
• variable (n)
such variables as age, gender, etc.
• volunteer (n)
a group of 500 volunteers

MORE TO READ II
TEXT 140 CAUSES OF ENDANGERMENT
• to conceive sth/of sth (as sth) // to conceive
that + sentence // to conceive what/how/why
etc. (v.)
conception (of sth) // conception (that) (n.)
• to encompass sth (v.)
• captive/wildlife conservation (n.)
to conserve sth (v.)
• overexploitation (n.)
• to undergo alterations (v.)
• to accelerate sth (v.)
• to adjust to new circumstances (v.)
• a potent force/symbol/weapon/drug (adj.)
• to induce changes in climate (v.)
• to detect sth (v.)
• to be susceptible to sth (adj.)
susceptibility to sth (n.)
• to disrupt ecological balances (v.)
disruption (n.)
• the utilization of sth (n.)
to utilize sth (as sth) (v.)
• to transmit a disease (v.)
the transmission of a disease (n.)
• to jeopardize sb/sth (v.)
to put sb/sth in jeopardy (n.)

TEXT 40
• to attain sth (v) • to be consistent (adj)
attainable goals/targets/objectives (adj) consistently (adv)
the attainment of a goal (n) consistency (n)
• existence of (n) • to sit idly (adv)
• aspects of (n) • a stable cultural environment (adj)
• a steady rhythm of / way of life (adj) • mutual rights and obligations (adj)
• to contribute to sth (phr. v.) • to be affectionate (adj)
• continuity in (n) affectionately (adv)
• longevity (n) affection (n)
• inclination to do sth (n) • reduce (emotional) tensions (n)
to be inclined to do sth (adj) • to retain sth (v)

TEXT 21 THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR

• to be concerned with sth/sb (adj) • identical (adj)
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• to be rooted in sth (adj)
• heredity (n)
• curiously (adv)
to be curious (about sth) // to be curious (to do
sth) (adj)
curiosity (about sth) // curiosity (to do sth) (n)
• to make/draw a distinction (between A and B) (n) •
the distinction between A and B
to be distinct from sth (adj)
• live independently (adv)
• mature (adj)
• a hereditary illness/disease/condition/problem
(adj)
• an instinctive behavior/reaction (adj)
instinctively (adv)
instinct to do sth (n)
based on instinct
• stimulus (plural: stimuli) (n)
to stimulate sth (v)
• to substitute (for) sb/sth // to substitute A for B
(v)
substitution (n)
a substitute (for sb/sth) (n)
artificial eggs/flowers/sweeteners (adj)
artificially (adv)
• innovative (adj)
• to permit sb to do sth (v)
• to range from A to B (n)
• to construct a shelter/building (v)
• to satisfy sb’s needs (v)
satisfaction of sth (n)
• to relieve an unpleasant feeling (v)
relief (n)
• strictly forbidden (adv)

WEEK 2
SKILLFUL 3 Reading & Writing UNIT 2

Video – Man vs. Machine

• artisan (n)
• decline (v)
• factor (n)
• income tax (n)
• pottery (n)
Reading 1 – Beautifully Broken Reading 2 – Community Development: A New
Business in Town
• flaw (n) • delicate (adj)
• to imitate sb/sth (v) to be very delicate
• incident (n) delicate glasses/work
about the incident • entirely (adv)
• modest (adj) to be made entirely of sth
to be modest about one’s work to produce sth entirely by machine
to have a modest view of sth • functional (adj)
• piece (n) functional furniture; a functional chair
1. glue the pieces back together • to harm sth / sb (v)
small/broken pieces; pieces of sth • objection (n)
2. a beautiful piece to have objections / not have any objections
• practice (n) to face objections
the practice among • on good terms (phrase)
such practices; cultural practices to be on good terms with sb
• smash (v) • romantic (adj)

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 to smash a cup; the cup smashed a romantic impression/notion(s) of sth
• value (v) • thick (adj)
The Japanese traditionally value… thick wool sweaters/fingers
• aesthetic (n) • affordable (adj)
• humility (n) • automated (adj)

Vocabulary Development – Adjectives for Academic Words

Describing Products
• appealing • to enhance (v)
• contemporary to enhance sth by doing sth
• durable • notion (n)
• fake the notion that
• generic • overseas (adv)
• innovative travel overseas
• mass-produced • philosophy (n)
• multi-functional my personal philosophy is that S + V
• to survive (v)
• tradition (n)
to have a tradition of

MORE TO READ II

TEXT 98
• to be appointed (v) • magnificent (adj)
• hardly (adv) • to reveal (v)
• ruins (n) • volcanic eruption (n)
• set off (phrasal v.) • to abandon (v)
• to be astonished by (adj)

TEXT 145 HENRY FORD

• economic/future/ long-term/ global/ national/
world prosperity // a period of prosperity (n)
• a prosperous country/landowner (adj)
• a/the shift from X to Y (n)
• inclination (to do sth) (n)
technically/musically/academically/artistically
inclined children (adj)
• to envision sth (v)
• enormous profits (adj)
• a scientific/social/cultural revolution // a
revolution in sth (n)
a revolutionary leader/idea/movement (adj)
• to enact sth / it is enacted that + S + V (v)
the enactment of the bill (n)
• to introduce/pass/enact/adopt legislation
legislation to do sth (n)
• to embark on/upon sth (phr. v.)
• a sense of accomplishment // a remarkable/
significant/impressive/considerable
accomplishment (n)
to accomplish sth (v)
• reliable X unreliable (adj)
• an outspoken anti-Semite/critic of the
government (adj)

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 to revolutionize sth (v) • to denounce sb/sth (as sth) (v)
• to propose (doing) sth // to propose that + S +
V (v)
proposal to do sth // proposal for sth (n)

WEEK 3
SKILLFUL 3 Reading & Writing UNIT 3
Video – Virtual Reality Treatment
• compassion (n)
• treatment (n)
treat (v)
Reading 1 – The development of thought Reading 2 – Emotional Thinking
• concrete (adj) • anxiety (n)
a concrete proposal/object anxious (adj)
• constantly (adv) feel anxious / anxiety
constantly do sth/be constantly doing sth • deadline (n)
• fascination (n) tight deadlines / a close deadline / deadline is
have a fascination with sth near
• to hypothesize (v) • emotion (n)
to hypothesize that emotional (adj)
• to lead to (phrasal v) emotional intelligence/thinking/thoughts/
• logical (adj) responses/decisions
in a logical way/logical thought/logical • to encounter (v)
thing to do encounter sb/problems
• point of view (n) • guilt (n)
from sb’s point of view guilty (adj)
• to sort (v) feel guilty
sort things into categories • inappropriate (adj)
inappropriate decisions
be inappropriate for
• rational (adj)
make a rational decision
rational thinker/thinking
• to strengthen (v)
to strengthen commitment
strength (n)
It takes great strength (not) to do sth
• response (n)
• risky (adj)

Vocabulary Development - Language for Comparing Academic Words

and Contrasting
Words and phrases that compare: • abstract (adj)
By the same token abstract ideas
Equally • category (n)
Similarly organize sth into different categories
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In the same way • complex (adj)
a complex process
Words and phrases that contrast: • depressed (adj)
despite to get depressed
in spite of • to interpret (v)
whereas to interpret the results of an experiment
• to maximize (v)
IMPORTANT NOTE: to maximize profits
Please skip Exercise 2 Item 1 as “on the contrary” is • reluctant (adj)
introduced in a different sense there. reluctant to do sth
• solely (adv)
solely responsible for

MORE TO READ II

TEXT 62 PARAGLIDING
• sufficient equipment/evidence/funds (adj) • progression (from sth) (to sth) (n)
• to be proficient in/at sth (doing) sth (adj) • to soar (v)
proficiency in/at (doing) sth (n) (both as a transitive and intransitive verb)
• an aspect of sth (n) • to descend (v)
one of the most attractive aspects of sth • reckless actions (adj)
• to act accordingly (adv) recklessly (adv)
• to develop/use judgment (n) recklessness (n)
• predetermined landing spot/level of • an accurate statement (adj)
spending/limit/amount (adj) • a courageous decision/individual (adj)
to predetermine sth (v) • a high/strong probability of (n)
• pioneer in/of sth (n) • the vast majority (n)
• rewarding (adj)
a rewarding activity/job

TEXT 137 AFRICA’S DRY LANDS

• severe food shortages/weather conditions (adj) • an impoverished region/area (adj)
• food/water/housing shortages (n) • fragile (adj)
• extended drought (adj) • mental/physical/gradual/rapid deterioration (n)
• catastrophic (adj) to deteriorate (v) (both as a transitive and
• starvation (n) intransitive verb)
• impaired health/vision/memory (adj) • bankruptcy (n)
to impair sth (v) bankrupt (adj)
• food supplies (n) • environmental degradation (n)
• to ease the pain/suffering (v) • to diminish (sth) (v)
• hazard to sb/sth // fire/safety/health hazard (n) to be diminished (adj)

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 hazardous waste/chemicals (adj) • arid (adj)
• to recur (v) • menace (n)
• massive (adj) the menace of
• financial/political/economic constraints (on the • one of the foremost causes of (adj)
company/schools) (n) • to be equivalent to (adj)
• to take (drastic / tough / extreme) measures (to
do sth/against sth) (n)

WEEK 4
SKILLFUL 3 Reading & Writing UNIT 4

Video –Slash and Burn

• slash-and-burn agriculture (n)

• acute (adj)
• enforce (v)
• respiratory (adj)
• smog (n)
• visibility (n)

Reading 1 – The top five causes of wildfires Reading 2 – Controlling the uncontrollable
• beneficial (adj) • to conduct (v)
hugely beneficial to sth/the environment to conduct forest fire exercises/research
• costly (adj) • to employ (v)
to become more costly to employ (a number of) different methods/a
destructive and costly technique
• to enforce (v) • to extinguish (v)
to enforce (local) laws to extinguish the fire
properly enforced to be completely extinguished
• maintenance (n) • historically (adv)
maintenance of equipment Historically, …
proper maintenance • latter (adj)
• to melt (v) in the latter half of the century
ice/snow melts • to renew (v)
to cause ice to melt to renew ecosystems/the land
• rural (adj) • to threaten (v)
rural areas to threaten local communities/a town
• to supervise (v) • vegetation (n)
to supervise young children vegetation recovers
to need to be supervised to kill/clear the vegetation
• wilderness (n) • unpredictable (adj)
a country’s wilderness
• acre (n)
• to evaporate (v)
• sparks (n)

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Vocabulary Development-Collocations with Academic words
Problem
• the root of the problem • to acknowledge (v)
• to cope with a problem to acknowledge that…
• to remedy a problem • capable (adj)
• to be faced with problems to be capable of doing sth
• a pressing problem • decade (n)
• a minor problem for several decades
• a grave problem • error (n)
• a perennial problem human error
• federal (adj)
federal governments
• regulation (n)
tight regulations

MORE TO READ II

TEXT 121 BRAIN GENE ‘CLUE TO AGEING’

• an association between A and B (n) • virtually every mental symptom (adv)
to be associated with sth (adj) • deterioration (n)
• presence X absence of sth/sb • to result from sth (phr. v.)
• progressive decline/reduction in sth (adj) • to obtain sth (v)
• vital (adj) • to tackle sth (v)
• to decline (v)
decline (n)
• mildly (adj)

TEXT 124 HEALING ILLNESSES

• to persist (in doing sth) (v) • an integral part of sth (adj)
a persistent problem (adj) • a significant feature (adj)
persisting theme (adj) • the onset of sth (n)
persistence (n) • to assist sth (v)
• to maintain good health/standards/close links • inborn (adj)
(v) • particularly (adv)
• purely (adv) • in an attempt to do sth (n)
• a cure for sth (n) • to progress (v)
to cure sb/sth (v) the disease progresses

WEEK 5
SKILLFUL 3 Reading & Writing UNIT 5
Video – Nomads and Desertification

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 • nomad (n)
• desertification (n)
• sparse (adj)
• graze (v)
• reclaim (v)
• tribe (n)
Reading 1 – Panama Canal Reading 2 – Dangers and Opportunities in the
Arctic Circle
• cargo (n) • to arise (v)
to transport cargo if the need arises
cargo ships • coastal (adj)
• to circumnavigate (v) coastal areas
to circumnavigate the Earth/the world • dispute (n)
• feat (n) to have a dispute about sth
a significant feat of engineering • to halt (v)
one of the greatest engineering feats to be halted
• to fumigate (v) • indigenous (adj)
• swamp (n) indigenous to Australia
to get rid of swamps • marine (adj)
• toll (n) marine animals
to pay a toll • reef (n)
• treaty (n) • sparse (adj)
to sign a treaty only a sparse amount of
• zone (n) • legislation (n)
a construction zone • observer (n)
• malaria (n) • sustainable (adj)

Vocabulary Development – Verbs for talking about Academic Words

change
• to demolish • to abandon (v)
to demolish the homes to abandon the original project
• to develop • alternative (adj)
to develop the downtown area alternative routes
• to extend • nevertheless (adv)
• to make sth into sth • primary (adj)
• to remodel primary goal
• to replace • to purchase (v)
to be replaced with sth • straightforward (adj)
• to tear down
to be torn down
• to transform
to completely transform a place

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MORE TO READ II

TEXT 54 WHO NEEDS A DEGREE?

• literary circles (adj) • graduate-dominated (adj)
• contemporaries (n) • refreshing (adj)
• fellow graduates (adj) • self-conscious about sth (adj)
• entrepreneurial (adj) • grant exclusive qualities (v)
• to achieve eminence (n) • to be in awe of sb/sth (n)
• brilliance (n) • broaden the mind (v)
• adolescence (n) • delightful (adj)
• remote (adj)
• contented (adj)
contentedly (adv)

TEXT 80 ETHICS OF INTERNET

• a place of liberty (n) • to address an issue/a problem (v)
• censorship (n) • to justify sth/doing sth (v)
• to censor sth (v) justification (for sth/doing sth) (n)
• to ban sth (v) • notion of sth // notion that + S + V //
a ban (on sth) (n) accept/challenge/reject a notion (n)
• legislation (n) • a feasible plan/suggestion/idea (adj)
• to impose sth (on/upon sth/sb) • to be distressed (adj)
imposition of laws/censorship (n) • utilization of sth (n)
• to prohibit sth/to prohibit sb from doing sth (v) • have the wisdom to do sth (n)
the prohibition of sth (n) • for the sake of sth/of doing sth (idiom)
enforce prohibitions • antidote to sth (n)
• to enforce sth (on/against sb/sth) (v) • to be reliant on/upon sb/sth (adj)
• implication (of sth) (for sth) (n) • the integrity of a medium (n)
• restricted to sth (adj)

TEXT 156 THE MYSTERY OF THE DISAPPEARING AUTHOR

• mysterious case/circumstances/events/ • for no apparent reason (adj)
• situations (adj) to be apparent (from sth) (that + S + V)
• to be/remain a mystery // to solve/uncover/ to be apparent (to sb) (that + S + V)
unravel/explain a mystery (n) apparently (adv)
• to disappear (v) • to hint (that + S + V) // to hint at sth (v)
• the disappearance (of sb/sth) (from sth) (n) • to give sb a hint (about /as to sth) (n)
• an enviable figure (adj) • to resemble sb/sth (v)
to be envious (of sb/sth) (adj)

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 enviably (adv) • to bear (a striking/close/strong) resemblance (to
• to vanish (without a trace/into thin air/from sb/sth)
the face of the earth) (v) resemblance between A and B (n)
• to be on the verge of sth/of doing sth (idiom)

WEEK 6

SKILLFUL 3 Reading & Writing UNIT 6

Video- Mosquito Illnesses
• bacteria (n)
• inject (v)
• sterile (adj)
• suppress (v)
Reading 1 – Fighting Cholera Reading 2 – The economic impact of disease
• to associate (v) • to alarm (v)
associate sth with sth alarmed (adj)
• effective (adj) be alarmed when…
an effective treatment dependent (adj)
• to gather (v) to be dependent on
to gather data together/proof • to distinguish (v)
• infected (adj) to distinguish between A and B
to be infected by/with a disease • doubtful (adj)
• major (adj) to be doubtful (that)…
a major cause of death; major rivers/towns/cities • overall (adv/adj)
• polluted (adj) Overall, …
polluted air the overall demography of society
to become polluted • overlook (v)
• proof (n) sth is overlooked; sth cannot be overlooked
There is proof that shows… • productive (adj)
to gather proof productive days
• supply (n) productivity (n)
a supply of fresh water / fresh water supply a country’s productivity; loss of productivity
• related (adj)
to be related to sth
health-related issues

Vocabulary Development – Cause and effect Academic words

Phrasal verbs: • to collapse (v)
• to result in industry collapses
• to result from • exposure (n)
exposure to sth
Linkers: • hence (adv)
• consequently • transmission (n)
• because of to prevent the transmission of diseases
• therefore • ultimately (adv)
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• as a result • to undergo (v)
undergo audits
• virtually (adv)
virtually all + noun
• widespread (adj)
to become more widespread

MORE TO READ II

TEXT 106 E-BOOKS EMERGE

• to feel/have/resist/fight/suppress an urge to do • a major/ considerable/complex/risky/ hazardous
sth (n) undertaking (n)
• a strong urge to do sth to undertake a task/a project/research/a study
• except for (prep) (v)
• to turn down (phr.v.) • a minority of (n)
• at the disposal of sb/at sb’s disposal (n) • nomination for sth (n)
• virtually (adv) to nominate sb (for sth) (v)
• to submit sth (to sb/sth) • fortunately (adv)
submission (n)
• prospects for/of sth (n)
• as regards sth (idiom)

TEXT 51 CULTURE AND FIELDWORK

• customary behaviour (adj) • to guide sb / sth (v)
• response (n) • to abide by sb’s decision (phr. v.)
respondent (n) • prevalent (among young children/in big cities)
• intense (adj) (adj)
at an intense rate • withdraw from (v)
• heredity (n) • mainstream culture/politics/journals/media
• to acquire customs/a language/information (v) (adj)
• to conform to rules/standards (phr. v.) • bizarre (adj)
conformity (n) • gain / produce insight into sth (n)
(non)conformist (n) • phenomenon (plural: phenomena) (n)
• eventually (adv) • to engage in sth (phr. v.)
• explicit X implicit (adj) • immersion in sth (n)
explicit rules • to employ sth (v)
• conscious (adj) • cooperation (n)
to be conscious of cooperation of sb / with sb / between A and B
• intimate (personal) relationships (adj)
• to confide sth to sb (v)

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TEXT 22 ADDICTIVE PERSONALITY
• dependence (n) to adjust sth (to sth) (v)
• a (constant) compulsion (to do sth) (n) • to exaggerate sth (v)
compulsive eating/spending/gambling (adj) exaggeration (n)
• impulse to do sth (n) • an obstructive influence (adj)
• to originate from (v) to obstruct sth (v)
• to be associated with sth (adj) obstruction (n)
• to engage in sth (phr. v.) • to exaggerate an activity (v)
• to neglect sb / sth (v) • to alter a person’s brain chemistry (v)
• to be secretive (about sth) (adj) alteration (n)
• to have access to sth (n) • to abstain (from sth) (v)
to access sth (v) • intervention in sth (n)
• substance/alcohol/drug abuse (n) to intervene in sth (v)
to abuse alcohol/drugs (v) • to suffer from malnutrition (n)
• to impair (v) treatment for malnutrition
• to make adjustments to sth (n)

WEEK 7
SKILLFUL 3 R & W UNIT 7
Video- Water Pollution
• absorb (v)
• settlement (n)
• species (n)
Reading 1 – The death of languages Reading 2 – More than just survival
• to trade (v.) • genes (plural n.)
• commerce (n.) • to breed (v.)
• nation (n.) • food chain (n.)
• official (adj.) • to die out (phr.v)
an official position • habitat (n.)
• ruling (adj.) habitat of animals; habitat destruction
ruling groups/leaders • threat (n.)
• superior (adj.) to be under threat
superior to sth • to thrive (v.)
a superior position • to disrupt (v.)
• widely (adv.) to disrupt sth/sb; ecosystems are disrupted
a widely spoken language; to become widely • shortage (n.)
used food shortages; major shortages of food
• urbanization (n.)
• minority (adj/n)
minority languages

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Vocabulary Development – Describing graphs Academic Words
• substantial (adj.) • to assist (v.)
a substantial fall to assist (sb) in doing sth
• slight (adj.) • discrimination (n.)
a slight fall in sth
discrimination of (a group of people); to face
• comparison (n.)
discrimination
a comparison of X and Y
• in the region of • distribution (n.)
in the region of + number the distribution of sth/sb
• well over (phrase) • diversity (n.)
well over + number + noun diversity of cultures
• growing • to grant (v.)
growing numbers
to grant sth/sb a special status; to be granted
• steadily (adv.)
the status of sth
to rise steadily
• to peak (v.) • inevitable (adj.)
peak before starting to decline it is inevitable that…
• minority (n.)
a minority of people
• to reverse (v.)
to reverse the trend (transitive verb)
trend of decline has reversed (intransitive
verb)

MORE TO READ II

TEXT 12 LIFE IN THE GRID

• evolve (v)
sth evolves / to evolve into sth • home appliances / electrical appliances (n)
species evolve • computer security offenses (n)
evolution (n.) a criminal offense / to commit offenses
• circa + year (prep) offender (n)
• currency fluctuations (n) • the vast majority of + noun (n)
to fluctuate (v) majority X minority (n)
• prescription (n) • a component / components of sth (n)
to prescribe (v) • to foresee sth (v)
• to penalize sb (v)

TEXT 159 LAST BRICK IN THE KINDER GULAG

• relentlessly (adv) to cast/have suspicion (n)
• to distort concepts/facts (v) • to surrender (v)
• to subject sb/sth to sth (v) • intervention (n)
• arbitrary (adj) • privacy intrusion (n)

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• unjustified (adj) • a conforming society (adj)
justification (n) to conform (v)
• pursue academic/non-academic activities (v) • constitutional guarantees (adj)
• infliction (n) constitutionally guaranteed (adv)
• humiliation (n) • the realm of (n)
to humiliate (v) • violation (n)
• to impose drug testing/laws/rules, etc. (v) to violate (v)
• to volunteer (v) • a controversial issue (adj)
• suspicious characters/people (adj)

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