MCQ

1. hCG
A. is primarily leutrophic
B. originates from the anterior pituitary
C. is used in the diagnosis of pregnancy
D. level increases progressively during pregnancy
E. maintains the corpus luteum in early pregnancy

2. Risk factor for cervical cancer includes

A. Smoking
B. Condom usage
C. Multiple sexual partners
D. Use of intrauterine device
E. Infection of human immunodeficiency virus

3. The scope of child health services includes

A. Home visit
B. Home delivery
C. Family planning
D. Referral to other agencies
E. The G6PD screening at birth

4. The difference of males from females includes their

A. Chromosome contains the SRY gene
B. Gonadotropin level vary during different phases of life
C. Pituitary gland secretes different gonadotropic hormones
D. Hypothalamus shows different patterns of hormone secretion
E. Polymorphous leucocytes nuclei exhibit the presence of Barr bodies

5. Testicular seminoma
A. Is a benign tumour
B. Is seen as a lobulated appearance
C. Presents with painful testicular mass
D. Consists of lymphocytic infiltrated stroma
E. Arises from intratubular germ cell neoplasia

6. Determinant of demographic change includes

A. Birth
B. Death
C. Migration
D. Fertility rate
E. Crude birth rate
7. Adverse effect related to the oestrogen content of oral contraceptives includes
A. Acne
B. Fluid retention
C. Breast tenderness
D. Menstrual irregularities
E. Increased incidence of venous thromboembolism

8. Risk factor for postpartum haemorrhage includes

A. Primigravida
B. Preterm labour
C. Retained placenta
D. Genital tract trauma
E. Multiple pregnancy

9. Gonadal hormone includes

A. Androgen
B. Prostanoid
C. B-oestradiol
D. Pregnenolone
E. Epiandosterone

10. Regarding development of the testis

A. Mesoderm forms the tunica albuginea
B. Sex cords develop into spermatogenic cells
C. An undescended testis is called cryptorchidism
D. Coelomic epithelium forms the interstitial cells of Lyedig
E. It descends to the scrotum guided by the gubernaculum testis

11. Regarding the ovarian follicle

A. Corona radiate develops in the secondary follicle
B. A graafian follicle contains mature secondary oocyte
C. Primordial follicles is characteristic by the presence of antrum
D. A primary follicle is characterised by the presence of antrum
E. Zona pellucida develops between the oocyte and granulosa cells

12. Correctly matched external genitalia of female and its feature:

A. Clitoris – female erectile organ
B. Labia majora – contains sebaceous glands
C. Vaginal orifice – also known as the introtus
D. Vestibule of vagina – a space between two labia minora
E. Bulbs of vestibule – lies deep to the perineal membrane
13. Corpus luteum
A. Facilitates the secretion of oestrogen
B. Degenerates at day 13 post ovulation
C. Secretes prostaglandins prior to menstruation
D. Facilitates the synthesis of luteinising hormone
E. Is maintained by human chorionic gonadotropin

14. Mandatory component for a valid informed consent includes

A. Intelligence
B. Voluntaries
C. Adequate information
D. Consent from treating doctor
E. A signed consent form by patient

15. Correctly matched hormonal changes and its phase during pregnancy
A. Increases hCG – first trimester
B. Increases prolactin – early pregnancy
C. Decrease oestrogen – late pregnancy
D. Increases progesterone – early pregnancy
E. Decreases prostaglandin - late pregnancy

16. PCOS syndrome involves

A. Obesity
B. Hirsutism
C. Hypoandrogenism
D. Endometrotic cyst
E. Persistent anovulation

17. Testosterone
A. Is needed for penile erection
B. Is secreted by Sertoli cells
C. Causes deepening of the voice
D. Stimulates pubertal growth spurt
E. Deficiency leads to failure of foetal testicular descent

18. Regarding the laboratory diagnosis in syphilis

A. Gram staining is used to visualise the causative organism
B. Culture is the best method of diagnosis during tertiary stage
C. Rapid plasma reagin test is a preferable test to monitor the treatment
D. Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test is one of the screening tests
E. Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test is one of the confirmatory testis
19. In complete hydatiform mole
A. Early embryo formation occurs
B. Anaplastic trophoblast is a feature
C. It contains an extra set of paternal chromosome
D. The risk of progressing to choriocarcinoma is increased
E. Snowstorm pattern is a characteristic finding by ultrasound

20. Ovarian fibroma

A. Is a being tumour
B. Is associated with ascites
C. Is a functional ovarian tumour
D. Cells resemble the stroma of ovarian cortex
E. Occurs with a peak in the postmenopausal period

21. Erection of penile during coitus

A. Is stimulated by nitric oxide release
B. Is characterised by releasing norepinephrine
C. Increases arterial inflow during the plateau phase
D. Is stimulated by thoracolumbar sympathetic reflex
E. Causes arteriolar vasodilation in corpora carvenosa

22. Regarding the synthesis of testicular hormone

A. Luteinising hormone stimulates Leydig
B. Luteinising hormone is inhibited by testosterone
C. Testosterone is synthesised by theca cells of the ovary
D. Pregnenolone is the precursor of testosterone synthesis
E. Inhibin accelerates the secretion of follicular stimulating hormone

23. Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast

A. Extends into the breast stroma
B. Is known as scirrhous carcinoma
C. Shows Indian file pattern on histology
D. Presents with impalpable breast lump
E. Exhibits calcification by mammography

24. Regarding ovulation inducing agents

A. They are drugs used for the treatment of ovarian failure
B. Metformin treatment is associated with multiple pregnancies
C. Follitropin beta is extracted from the urine of post-menopausal females
D. Human chorionic gonadotropin is given to control ovarian hyperstimulation
E. Clomiphene citrate induces ovulations in females with anovulatory menstrual cycle
25. Regarding puberty
A. Is delayed in hypopituitarism
B. In female depends on the level of leptin
C. Is termed precocious puberty when delayed
D. Onset is marked by the sudden spurt of growth
E. Marks the beginning of active gametogenic function

26. The ductus deferens

A. Opens into the penile urethra
B. Is supplied by the cremasteric artery
C. Is a continuation of the tail of epididymis
D. Develops from the paramesonephric duct
E. Joins with the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct

27. Regarding oxytocin hormone

A. It inhibits lactogenesis
B. It promotes milk ejection
C. It causes water retention
D. It inhibits endometrial contraction
E. It is secreted by the posterior pituitary neurons

28. Trichomonas vaginalis

A. Has one nucleus
B. Contains five flagella
C. Shows a spiral shape
D. Develops two axostyles around its nucleus
E. Posses an undulating membrane underlying its body length

29. Tocolytic agent used for the treatment of preterm labour is

A. Oxytocin
B. Atosiban
C. Salbutamol
D. Misoprostol
E. Ergometrine

30. The perineal body

A. Lies posterior to the anal canal
B. Consists of transverse perineal muscle
C. Is located at the midpoint of inter-ischial line
D. Is the site of convergence of bulbospongiosus
E. Damage is prevented by a mediolateral episiotomy
SEQ

Question 1

Correlate the relative risk of breast carcinoma development with the different types of any fibrocystic
changes.

Question 2

a. List TWO roles of intracellular calcium during fertilisation (2 marks)

b. Explain TWO roles of capacitation of sperm in fertilisation process. (4 marks)
c. Explain the mechanism to prevent the polyspermy after entering of sperm into oocytes

Question 3

a. Explain the laboratory diagnosis of gonorrhoea with regards to (2+4 marks)

i. Types of clinical sample
ii. Laboratory test
b. State FOUR complications of gonorrhoea (4 marks)

Question 4

a. Name the drug class for raloxifene (1 mark)

b. State whether raloxifene is superior to prevent post-menopausal osteoporosis. Explain the
reason. (1+3 marks)
c. Name one progesterone derivative (1 mark)
d. State whether it needs to be used as adjuvant to oestrogen long-term replacement therapy
in women who have undergone hysterectomy. Explain the reason. (1+1 marks)
e. List TWO short-term beneficial effects of oestrogen therapy (2 marks)

Question 5

Describe the uterus under the following headings

a. Parts
b. Surfaces
c. Relations

Question 6

a. State TWO metabolic functions of the placenta (2 marks)

b. State the functions of placental progesterone (5 marks)
c. Name three hormones responsible for the metabolic changes in pregnancy (3 marks)