Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Internship Report
Internship Report
Dedication
I dedicate to Miss Amber Sattar, Mr. Fahad Shafique, Mr.Azeem Saddiqui, Miss Maria,
Mr.Kashif that they guide me about the working criteria, organization history, departments
and units working in the organization and help me in the issues that I had faced in the daily
routine work. They guide me how I have to sort out the issues that I will face in the coming
time span.
Acknowledgement
Countless thanks to almighty Allah, the lord of the whole universe and the greatest force
behind my success in my life. I also pay my heartily to Hazrat Muhammad (Peace Be Upon
Him) whose whole life is marvel and model of any person belonging to any walk of life.
I feel great pleasure and honor to express my Heartiest gratitude and deep sense of obligation
to my supervisor professor Chaudhary Naukhaiz Sab for his keen interest skillful guidance,
enlightened views, unfailing patience, mastery advice, inspire attitude and valuable
suggestions for the accomplishment of present study. In fact it was not possible to bring this
work to fruitful conclusion with out his day and night persuasive and sincere efforts.
I pay my gratitude to all other respected teachers at University of Education Lahore,
I am highly indebted to Mr. Fahad Shafique and Miss Amber Sattar who provide me
useful information during the internship program.
I am grateful to those who have directly and indirectly contributed towards the preparation of
this assignment.
Finally I would like to thanks to my adoring parents, for their day and night prayers,
sacrifices, encouragement, moral and financial support through out the course of study.
Executive Summary
Textile is the largest sector and backbone of Pakistan economy. It contributes more than 60%
to the total export earnings, accounts for 46% of the total manufacturing, 8.5% of total GDP
and provides employment to 38% of the manufacturing labour force of the country.
Due to small number of existing processing units and increased demand of value added
products, this sector has a great potential for investments. There is also a large demand of
textile products in Pakistan market.
Spinning converts raw material (cotton) into yarn which makes it perfectly suitable for
weaving process, which converts the yarn into fabric(Cora). The weaving unit of crescent
textile mills is in Hattar(KPK). There are dedicated areas, passages and procedures to process
organic raw materials.
Processing includes bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing of fabric. For the production of
the value added products, dyed fabric is the key element. Fabric processing can be
categorized as a white fabric, woven fabric dyeing and printed fabric. The export of dyed and
printed finished fabric are contributing a major share in the total foreign exchange earnings
from textile products.
This unit will process fabric on commercial basis meeting the requirements of export oriented
units as well as the manufacturers of fabric and made ups for supply to the local market.
After processing the finished fabric is move towards the Home textiles where that finished
fabric is converted into the made ups/ finished goods according to the customer’s demand.
The finished fabric is rolled on tube and stored in the fabric inventory while the finished
goods or made ups that received from the home textile is stored in the made ups inventory.
Shipping and Documentation department is handling all the matters regarding export
consignment from the Crescent Textiles and logistics of import, export as well as all local
goods and staff vehicles transportation. After arranging the vehicles the shipment is ready for
the delivery and is delivered to the desired port from where the customer received the
products.
Flagship of large crescent group, CTM’s main area of business is in textile. As a composite
unit having ISO-9002 certification on 1997, which is engaged in spinning,
weaving,processing and stitching that is one of the largest exporters of textile products in
Pakistan. The pioneer of Crescent Textile Mills was Mr. Mian Muhammad Shafi, who
belonged to Chinyot.
Crescent Textile Mills started as a weaving unit with 500 semi auto looms. Now the present
picture of Crescent Textile Mills is that it is the one of the largest textile units in Pakistan.
Now Crescent Textile Mills has four independent complete units of spinning, 184 weaving
looms along with processing and stitching units as well. Crescent Textile Mills has one of the
largest textile-processing units with a capacity of 2.5 million meters fabric monthly.
Spinning
All spinning, processing and stitching units are located within the same boundary while
weaving unit is in Hattar(KPK). The electricity consumed by Crescent Textile Mills is
produced by its own power station located within the boundary of Crescent Textile Mills.
Processing
The total no of employees are more than 5000 from which 2000 employees are staff and on
permanent basis. Factory runs complete 24hrs a day and employees work in three-day and
night shifts of 8 hours.
Crescent Textile Mills is playing a vital role in the development of Pakistan specially by
earning a huge foreign exchange through exports. Crescent Textile Mills sells more than 80%
of its products to the foreign market. In1992-93 & 1994, the Crescent Textile Mills was
awarded the President of Pakistan Trophy for export, given to the largest exporter from
Pakistan in any category.
History
The Crescent Textile Mills Ltd was incorporated and set up in FSD as a public limited
company. It is one of the first few textile mills to be established in the country, and also the
first unit of the crescent group.
The Crescent Textile Mills Ltd is situated on Sargodha Road, at an area spread on 115 acres
of land and from the very inception, it had been designed as an integrated unit. It commenced
its business operations in 1951 with 50316 spindles, 500 auto looms and finishing capacity of
nearly 4000 meters per day.
In the mid 50’s sponsor of the company decided to divert its production exclusively towards
exports and became the pioneer company to have commenced export of cloths from Pakistan
in 1956.
With the passage of time, the company grew in stature and its sponsors became to be known
as crescent family. The period up to mid 60’s was also the period of growth of the family
businesses as the sponsors/ crescent family diversified their investments to more textile
As year’s road on, the Crescent Textile Mills Ltd continued to expand its exports and earned
the reputation of being the leading exporter of yarn, fabric and various products in the home
textile sector.
The company’s prosperity broad about a better quality of life for those who worked for it.
The company provides accommodation for its employees, staff and executives as well as
plays grounds, parks shops, community centers, and industrial homes for their welfare. It
insures that its work force is happy and their families are well cared of.
In its desired to forge ahead in the competitive field of the home textile sector, the company
has made investments for updating and modernizing its machinery and equipment and insures
training of its employees by hiring and contracting its experts in textile for its workers for its
staff.
As well as sending executives to recognized institutes in the country and abroad for
specialized training in management, accounting, IT and technical training. It was the first
textile company to introduce quality circles even at the worker’s level and by mid 80’s had
graduated to total quality management and Deming’s 14 points. It was also the first
composite company in Pakistan to obtain ISO 9002 certification.
The main architect of the sales in the marketing of the Crescent Textile Mills Ltd has been its
Chief Executive, Mr. Muhammad Anwar, who has led the company for the front. Besides
been awarded every year its highest sales in yarn and cloth, the C.E has also been recognized
as “ the business man of the year” twice in the year 1993,1994 and 1994,1995 by the Pakistan
federation of Chamber of Commerce and industry.
The company has also been awarded the president of Pakistan export trophy for three
consecutive years in the mid 90’s.
The Crescent Textile Mills Ltd has been introduced as a public limited company under the
company’s ordinance on 1 May 1951 and has quoted on the stock exchange. Crescent energy
and SAC are fully owned subsidies of the Crescent Textile Mills Ltd.
Mission of Company
“To produce superior quality products to face competition in the international market
and to train the staff at the world class level to enhance the maximum shareholders
value”
Crescent Textile Mills Limited has four units that are working for converting the Direct
Material into Finished Goods and these units are Spinning, Weaving, Processing and
Stitching.
Objectives
Following are some main objectives of Crescent Textile Mills:
To make Crescent Textile Mills a first choice for the foreign customers by improving its
quality and services.
To arrange timely production and maintain quality goods for entire satisfaction of the
customers.
Market Standings
Since FY14, top line has contracted thrice, in FY15, FY16 and recently in FY20. Profit
margins have also been fluctuating, dipping in FY17 and FY18, rising slightly the following
year, before dropping again in FY20. Revenue in FY17 grew by close to 3 percent; local sales
Competitors
As it’s major competitors are in the country as well as in the foreign markets, while
concerning with the countrywide competitors, there are major competitors like Nishat Textile
Mills Limited, Kohinoor textile mills limited, Gul Ahmed and Chenab textile mills limited
along with major competitors in European market.
Business Volume
As at June 30, 2020, over 9 percent of the total shares of the company were held by the
directors, CEO, their spouses and their children. Within this, Mr. Ahmad Shafi, one of the
directors in the company, held the majority of the shares. Nearly 55 percent shares were
owned by the local general public, followed by 23 percent in other companies, corporate
bodies, etc. Associated companies, undertakings and related parties held another 9 percent
shares, majority shares in this category were owned by Trustees- The Crescent Textile Mills
Employees Provident Fund Trust. The remaining about 4 percent shares were with the rest of
the shareholder categories.
Product Lines
Crescent textile mill produces yarn, gray cloth and high quality fabric. Their products plays
an important role in the building the goodwill of the CTM.CTM exports more than 80% of its
products and remaining they sell in the local market. Main products of CTM are yarn; Gray-
cloth, bed sheet and fabric etc. all the products are produce according to the requirement of
customer order. CTM Ltd also has the distinction of being the only private sector company in
the textile sector, which has entered in to the partnership with UCHINO, produce and export
Crescent textile mill produces yarn, gray cloth and high quality fabric.
YARN PRODUCTS
24/1
30/1
40/1
20*20/60*60
30*30/76*68
40*40/100*80
12*10/60*60
22*22/60*60
24*24/68*63
Printed Fabric
Dyed Fabric
Bleached fabric or white
Stitched Items / Made Ups
Organizational Structure
CRESTEX ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
D Processing PR D Finance FN
Number of Employees
The total no of employees are more than 5000 from which 2000 employees are staff and on
permanent basis. Factory runs complete 24hrs a day and employees work in three-day and
night shifts of 8 hours.
As we know that The Crescent Textile Mills Limited (PSX: CRTM) was set up in 1950 under
the Companies Act, 1913 (now Companies Act, 2017). The company is in the business of
textile manufacturing that comprises of spinning, combing, weaving, dyeing, bleaching,
printing, stitching, etc. It also deals in yarn, cloth, and fabrics made from raw cotton and
synthetic fiber. The production unit is located in Faisalabad, while the weaving unit is in
Hattar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
KEY PEOPLE
CEO: Mr. Muhammad Anwar
Chairman: Mr.Khalid Bashir
Company Secretary: Mr. Naseer Ahmad Chaudhary
ADDRESS: The Crescent Textile Mills Limited, Mills Premises, Sargodha Road,
Faisalabad
REGISTRAR: Corptec Associates ( Pvt) Ltd. 503 E Johar Town, Lahore.
AUDITOR: Riaz Ahmad & Company Chartered Accountants.
Fiscal year End: June
Tel: +92-41-111-105-105
Fax: +92-41-8786525
As in the above discussion the complete structure of the Crescent is mentioned that how they
convert the cotton into yarn and how the employees and workers are working, overall
structure of Crestex is fantastic but the machinery used in the units of the Crestex for the
production is a bit older they have to use latest machinery which helps in increase in overall
production.
CTM has major business of exports, round about 80% of total sales are from exports. As
export market of CTM is divided geographically into four segments, so to deal each segment
a separate group op person is allocated who are responsible for all the orders of that specific
territory /segment.
The process of flow of work in these sections of export departments is same, so I have
explained generally the process and functions of export department.The export department is
situated within the finance department. There are a lot of workers, which perform different
functions.
Objectives
Functions
PROCESS
I) Finding Of Customers
General manager marketing and manager marketing of CTM makes contact with the potential
buyers through e-mail, telephone, faxes to get orders. Similarly marketing manager along
with the Chief Executive attend different international trades fairs and present their products
to get the buyer attention and order.
Marketing department of CTM takes following steps to make a contract with the buyer:
III) Inquiry
Customer’s inquiries are received via telex, letters, e-mails or during meeting with the
customers. Inquiry documents are directly sent to CEO for review and comments; if any
absence of CEO, the inquiry documents are send to the GMM for review. After CEO review,
these are sent to the department incharge who after reviewing distributes these documents to
the relevant staff looking concerned market segments.
Once the contract is established for quality, quantity, price and delivery. Any request from
the customer for change in assortment of design or increase / decrease in quantity resets, i/c
terms, price and delivery.
L/C terms
Quality increase / decrease
Assortment of design
Color ways
Shipment schedule
X) Checking Artwork
After finalizing the contract and making entry in export order register, now concerns A.M
receives art work for the customer for processing the clothes per customer’s desire.CEO /
GMM gives acceptable price or may suggest new price on costing sheet. In absence of CEO /
GMM gives acceptance. if both are not available then the department incharge is authorized
too.
When A.M receives artwork then he gives instructions to the concerned production staff to
prepare strike off (sample) as per artwork send by customer.After completion of strike off,
these are checked by concerned A.M and are delivered to the customer after the final
approval, so the production on large scale can be started. If the customer approves the sample
the export staff start order of large production. Other wise they only receive the cost incurred
on the preparation of the strike off.
Now the concerned assistant manager of export sales department send instruction to all the
concerned areas through proper documents, e-mails and all the available sources for the
completion and delivery of orders.
Functions:
Stock update
Arrangement of fabric and yarn
Follow-ups for order completion
When export department gives instructions for large productions for all functional
areas including PPC.
Now the duty of PPC is to check the surplus stock available in godowns. If the gray
cloth or yarn required for the completion of order is present, then PPC gives
instructions and supply material to the concerned department to complete the period
with in specified period and after providing material stock is updated in the daily
stock reports.
Instructions to grey procurement department
If the yarn or grey cloth is not available in the godowns then PPC has the duty to
inform export sales department to arrange grey cloth for the completion of order
within specified period through e-mail and proper documentation. One copy of that is
kept for the future references.
Maintain record of machines
PPC also maintain report that shows daily record or orders, which are being processed
on all available machines in spinning, weaving, garments department and also records
of machines which are busy and which need orders.
I) Comparative report
After receiving of quotation the comparative report is made and sent to CEO for approval. In
that report all the comparison is made subcontractors according to the rate offered by them.
CEO gives the price approval at the quotation of vendor or subcontractor. If the price
quotation is rejected it is negotiated with party again and revised quotation is send to CEO for
approval.
After the price approval by CEO, a contract is made including all the terms and conditions
settled with party. The contract contains the name of party, the date of issuing the contract,
quantity and quality of fabric, counts and number of bags of yarn.
This procedure takes place when exports sales section provides the yarn to the party /
contractor for construction of cloth. The expected yarn is calculated in order to make a
specific quality and quantity. After that a dispatched schedule is prepared in order to provide
the yarn to the party for making the grey cloth. The delivery of yarn to the party is made
according to the dispatch schedule. The finished grey cloth delivery is also set with the party
according to the export requirements.
V) Maintaining record
19 | page The Crescent Textile Mills Limited
When a contract is finalized then production department is responsible to maintain record of
yarn, which is supplied to the parties and grey cloth, is received against that yarn from these
parties. Similarly it also maintain the record of CTM yarn and grey delivery to PPC
department. For this purpose the production department updates two reports daily and submit
them to CEO.
After receiving the cloth, in grey cloth go-downs its inspection is made and inspection report
is prepared. On the basis of inspection report the cloth status report is prepared. The report is
in triplicate form and sent to export sales department. One copy is send to party and other is
sent to the sales account and third is retained to the office record. The quantity of grey cloth
is entered in party wise register according to the inspection report.
The rejected goods are returned back to the party. The rejected grey cloth is bought from the
party only after the approval of CEO at reduced rates as compared to normal rates. Rejected
grey cloth is used in printing.
Orders booked by the customers considering for end use. The rejection can also be sold in the
local market.
Bills are received from the party against manufacturing or purchasing of grey cloth. The
quality, quantity and the width verified in view the contract made with party by export sales
department. Verification of the bills is made through the records (that records is maintained
in party wise register and relevant files).
After verification the bills are sent to sales account department for payment.
In the modern world all countries whether developed or under developed are pre occupied
with problems of selling merchandises in foreign countries. When goods are exported a
number of documents are to be prepared unless the overseas trade is properly documented,
the exporter cannot receive payment and the importer cannot make it.
The major documents involved in the export process or in the foreign trade are:
Invoice/indent
Letter of credit
Transportation documentation
Packing list
Certificate of origin
Certificate of inspection
Procedure list
Form “E”
Bill of exchange
Finance department
This is the major department of the company. Finance department is located with the factory.
It prepares different kinds of financial reports and gives information to management for
decision-making purposes.
Finance department prepares the Income statements, Balance sheet, Trail balance, Cash flows,
Production report for the whole month, stock taking report yield comparison report etc. these
all reports are helpful for the management to make production plan, financing decisions and
other important matters. The head of the department is finance manager. He is a chartered
accountant.
Preparations of vouchers
Payable, Contractors, Mi
Excise
Audit
Getting knowledge from the institutions, it is necessary to conclude that how much this
knowledge is helpful and useful in the practical life and how it helps us in our related field.
So, for that regards it is advised to do the Internship program from a well reputed
organization and get knowledge about the working of the organization.
After a deep analysis, I concluded that Crescent Textile Mills is the organization where I have
the opportunity to analyse my educational knowledge with the practical organizational
working.
Training Program
Business Development Zone
Business Development is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing
promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, services, organization, and events to create and
maintain relationships that will satisfy individual and organizational goals. Business
Development has dynamics of innovation and creativity.
Departmental Objectives
Business Development ensures continuous revenues streams and generate revenue. High
moral values, nurtured through the year of entrepreneurial spirit of the people operating this
organization make Crestex an exception where value is created through exceeding customer
expectations.
Business Development has divided in following Sections:
Business Development (UK, EU, H&H, NSA & OAA)
Crestex Home Store
Portfolio of Services/ Key Responsibilities
Innovative concepts based on market research
Customer relationship management
Development and execution of corporate Business Development strategy
Development and implementation of promotional and business development plans
Successful delivery of customer orders
Internal coordination for production according to client specs
Development and implementation of a market-based pricing strategy
Spinning
Crestex spins diverse raw material (Fiber) into yarn which makes it perfectly suitable for
weaving. Crestex have four spinning mills. There are dedicated areas, passages and
procedures to process Organic raw materials. (including Organic & Normal brands). The
company manufacture two types of yarns 'Combed and carded'. The testing laboratories
ensure that we produce only the best quality of yarn which makes us unique and the most
trusted brands in the market.
Crestex also produces fancy yarns like Slub, Dyneema, linen, Acrylic, Duo core, wool,
Colima, flax productions. Besides the best Pakistani cotton and medium staple, long staple
USA (Pima), Egyptian (Giza), Indian (DCH) and Greek cotton are also used for finer counts.
Our world-class processes are executed excellent people. The company state-of-the-art
machinery belongs to prestigious manufacturers such as Rieter Swiss, Germany, Japan and
Chinese.
Bleaching Plant
25 | page The Crescent Textile Mills Limited
Crestex Processing department has capability of printing designs up-to 16 colors with a
workable width of 300cm.
To enhance the designs clarity, they have further moved ahead and installed latest Laser
Engraving machine that helps in producing more clarity in critical designs.
Design and Color Matching along with excellent color and consistent fabric results have
always remained the unique feature of Crestex output.
Crestex Product Design & Development department uses cutting edge and other innovative
methods to produce new products with diverse textures and strategies to meet new trends of
fashion all over the globe.
Home Textile
Uniquely designed and finely stitched Home Textiles adds value to any home and the
beholders eyes get the pleasure of seeing fresh colors all the time. Be it any theme based bed
room Made-up, or any customized product for specific use, we master elegance in all our
products.
I) Cutting Department
The Fabric received from the processing unit is rolled on tube and is ready for cutting move
towards the home Textile unit cutting Department for cutting according to the demands of the
customer.
There are various types for cutting the fabric
Standard Cutting
Scissor cutting
Hand cutter
Tear cut
Panel cutting
After cutting the fabric it will be send to the work in process department for the proper record
maintenance.
During the Stitching some accessories like Elastics, labels, Zip, Buttons, Thread etc are used.
Having a whisk of 462 state-of-the-art sewing machines highly equipped with modern
technologies are integrated into Five sewing facilities. Further, it have in-house set of quilting,
embroideries and most modern fabric spreading cutting machine with a production capacity
of 2.5 million meters per month.
When the product is stitched according to the demand of the customer needs it will be move
for the inspection and packing to the packing department for the proper process.Further more
some accessories like cartons, stickers, insert card and poly bags etc are used.
Product line is tailored to cater diverse and rich patterns, designs and sizes in respect to
clients requirements.
I) Fabric Inventory
The major activity performed by the fabric Inventory is to received fabric from processing
against move order and issue fabric against demand number to Home Textile. The Fabric
issued to home textile is ready for cutting and the fabric which is rolled on tube can
sometimes directly exported to the customer according to the customer demand.
Material or fabric is packed according to specific location, that where that specific fabric
placed. The fabric maybe placed sequence wise, order wise or design wise.
The made ups are received from the home Textile to the shipment store where made ups are
Executive Director
Business Development
Senior Manager
Manager
Deputy Manager
Assistant Manager
Officer
Management Trainee
Officer
EDBD
AVP
MTO OFFICER
MGR AM
MGR DM DM DM DM
DM OFFICER
MTO
OFFICER
MTO
AM OFFICER MTO
Marketing Functions
The company exports are the major portion of both its yarn as well as cloth production. In the
local market yarn is sold directly to brokers who in turn sell it to other mills for further
processing. Grey fabric is sold on cash basis.
Marketing consist of people, equipment and procedures to get, sort, analyze, evaluate and
distribute needed timely and accurate information.
The basic information system used by marketing managers is the internal record system. It
includes order to payment cycle, sales reporting system prices, inventory level etc. By
receiving these in formations, managers can spot important opportunities and problems. The
Crescent Textile Mills is maintaining its internal records by keeping order to payment cycle.
In this system marketing department keep order up-date total order quantity, balance quantity
etc. excise dept. Prepared invoice under the instruction of sales dept and goods are sent to
their respective orders by special delivery. Every firm has maintain its marketing intelligence
system for the feed back from customers and agents etc that what has been happening in the
market.
Marketing intelligence system is a set of procedures and sources used by managers to obtain
their every day information about pertinent development on the marketing environment. The
production staffs of Crescent Textile Mills visit the end users for gathering information about
their product results and they visit to end-user to solve their problems.
Market demand
Sales representative/agent collect data of total yarn demand. Specific demands of particular
count are determined and calculate the number of users of said product is calculated. Then
total demand is calculated and Crescent Textile Mills plans to get maximum share from the
market demand.
Marketing Mix
Marketing mix is the marketing task that the firms are to be required its objective in the target
market. The marketing mix consists of every thing the firm can do to influence the demand
for its product. The many possibilities can be collected into four groups of variables known as
the “4p’s”.
1- Product
2- Price
3- Place
4- Promotion
Yarn products
Fabric products
YARN PRODUCTS
Cotton Yarn
Poly-cotton Yarn
Cotton Yarn
24/1
30/1
40/1
Poly-cotton Yarn
FABRIC PRODUCTS
20*20/60*60
30*30/76*68
12*10/60*60
22*22/60*60
24*24/68*63
Printed Fabric
Dyed Fabric
Bed Leering
Bed Sheets
Quilt Set
Kitchen Towel
Kitchen Apron
Blanket Cover
Duvet Cover
Curtain
Pricing Strategies
Pricing is the amount of money that customer have to pay to obtain the product. The price
policy of the company should be in such a way that it should produce a reasonable profit for
the company and satisfy the customer.
Fixed cost
Variable cost
35 | page The Crescent Textile Mills Limited
I) Fixed cost
Fixed cost is the costs, which remain always same whether, are produce large quantity.
Therefore, companies always try to use there full capacity of production because with
increase in production the fixed cost decreases.
Per unit variable cost rises as the quantity produced decreases. Following factors are included
in variable cost:
Transportation
Cost of material
Directly to customer
Indirectly to customer
I) Directly to customer
If they sell their product directly to the customer then they fix price in such a way:
If company sells their products indirectly then they fix price in such a way
In this case the profit margin depends upon the quality and condition of the market. If the
market is new then the price will be new to attract the customers and compete the existing
competitors.
Pricing Procedures
CTM sells more then 80% of its products in the foreign market. They sell only extra quality
left from the foreign order or defected product in the local market. They call the tenders when
they want to sell the product in the local market. They sell to that person whose tender price
will be high. Sometimes CTM sells on its products at cut-price. Because, when some extra
Pricing procedure of CTM for export is different from the local procedure. They keep in mind
certain factors before changing the price in foreign market. When any customer wants to
purchase the products, after negotiation they fix the price. Because, there are certain other
factors are also included with fixed cost. The important factors are quality of:
Customer inquiries are received from telex, fax and letter. They are directly sent for approval
to Chief Executive and after approval sent to concerned department.
Costing:
Costing sheets are prepared upon the approval of Chief Executive. In the absence of CE,
department in charge approves price. If both are not available then section in charge is
allowed to quote the price.
Approval:
The requirements are adequately defined and involvement’s of production areas. In house/out
side have the capability to meet the order requirements. After getting approval of costing and
review of customer requirements, prices are quoted to customer for confirmation. After
confirmation of prices by customer, sales contract is issued to the customer with complete
detail of construction, width/size, price, quantity, delivery, payment terms etc. and the cloth
order is sent to relevant department.
Purchase order:
Purchase indent folder are received from customer pertaining to different contract booked
sectional in charge check and see any discrepancy of the contract if any is found, then it is
come to the knowledge of the customers for amendment.
Grey demand:
To Planning Production and Control (PPC) they have coordination between export and
processing department.
Customer sends their designs either as on art paper; as paper sketch or fabric cutting.
From these cuttings the strike off is made.
Assortment:
Once customer is satisfied with strike off, the order quantity is assorted with design.
Letter of credit:
L/C is established and after receipt of L/C these are checked with regard of ordered goods by
the sectional in charge and discrepancies in L/C are noted and the customer is informed for
amendment.
Dispatch of goods:
Dispatch able goods detail along with samples received from folding department. Each
section verifies quantity of goods to be dispatched, they intimate to S &D section to dispatch
goods.
Shipment:
Shipment & dispatch is responsible for all documentation and shipment of goods by air and
sea.
Customer complaints:
After receiving the goods if customer found any defect, he complaints the same to the
concerned department in charge. Sometimes sent the defective sample for review.
Distribution Channels
CTM exports more then 80% of its products. They are using two types of channels of
distribution in export their products.
Trucking Companies
Airlines Companies
Shipping Companies
CTM exports its products to all over the world in the major countries are as follows:
U.K
U.S.A
Canada
Australia
Germany
Holland
U.A.E
Egypt
Malaysia
Promotion
The CTM has not any promotion point its products. Because the demand of their products in
the world is very high. We can easily judge them from their work. Our export figure is
varying high as compare to any individual company.
Sources Of Communication
Textile exhibition
Crescent Textile Mills (Crestex) was founded in 1950. Its a vertically integrated composite
textile unit and engaged in supreme quality manufacturing of Yarn, Greige/Processed Fabrics,
Home Textile. Crescent Textile Mills has four independent complete units of
spinning,weaving, processing and stitching. Crescent Textile Mills has one of the largest
textile-processing units with a capacity of 2.5 million meters fabric monthly.
Company purchases important materials for all zones of Crestex from major local suppliers
like product accessories, machinary equipments/accessories, raw materials, chemicals and
raw cotton etc. Some of the important local suppliers are Color Club, Zafar Habib, RS Printer
and General Chemicals etc.
The major competitors are in the country as well as in the foreign markets, while concerning
with the countrywide competitors, there are major competitors like Nishat Textile Mills
Limited, Kohinoor, Gul Ahmed,M.Farooq, Chenab textile mills limited, A.M textile mills
limited along with major competitors in European market.
The customers of the Crestex is usually from the foreign countries because Crestex is
working as an exporter and they directly sell the products to that specific customers stock
rooms.The customers are emphasizing on quality over all other thing and can easily search
the most cost-effective supplier anywhere in the world. Keeping this in mind, Crescent
Textile Mill’s focus has been on meeting its customer’s demands and requirements,
improving its competitiveness, increasing productivity, and enhancing its existing quality
control systems.
Policies
Provide consistent quality products and services with on time delivery to achieve and
enhance customer satisfaction level.
Minimize environmental impact through prevention of pollution, solid & liquid waste
management and conversation of natural resources.
Ensure continual improvement and compliance with customer & relevant environmental
legislation & regulations.
Demographic Factors
As we know that Crestex is working as a exporter and it has to focus on the demographic
factors of the countries in which basically the products are delivered and usually in the
demographic factors the company have to focus on the:
Population size,growth,density
Shipping distances
Cultural Factors
While export the company have to focus on the cultural factors of the countries to which the
products are delivered, basically in simple the culture is nothing but values of an individual or
the customer.
Usually CTM focuses on the cultural behaviour of the customer and tries to deliver the
products according to the customer expectations by keeping in mind the cultural behaviour of
the customer as well.
Industry analysis
A market assessment tool used by businesses and analysts to understand the competitive
dynamics of an industry.CTM industry is engaged in the business of textile manufacturing
comprising of spinning, combing, weaving, dyeing, bleaching, printing, stitching, buying,
selling and otherwise dealing in yarn, cloth and other goods and fabrics made from raw
cotton and synthetic fibers and to generate, accumulate, distribute,supply and sale of
Customer analysis
In simple words Customer analysis is a critical section of a company’s business plane or
marketing plane. It identifies target customers, ascertains the needs of these customers, and
then specifies how the products satisfies these needs.
As we know that Crescent textiles is working as a export and for that regards the company
have to target the customers that what type of customers they have to make, usually focuses
on the customers that assure them that they will stay with them for the future time span and
then analyse the demand of the customers and have to get complete knowledge about the
needs of the customers, they have to analyse that what the customer wants(white fabric,dyed
fabric,printed fabric or any made up/ finished goods like bed sheets,duvet covers etc), after
delivering them the products according to the customers demand the company ascertains that
rather the customer is satisfied with the delivered products because if the customer is happy
from the products, the company make the good relation with the international customers and
sometimes also got referrals from the customers.
Competitor Analysis:
The business environment of Crescent Textile Mills is facing tough competition. Its major
competitors are also inside the country as well as in the foreign markets. While concerning
with the countrywide competitors, there are major competitors like Nishat Textile Mills and
there are also other major competitors in the European markets. The market for textile
product is becoming more competitive every year. The customer is emphasizing on quality
over all other things and can easily search the most cost effective supplier anywhere in the
world. Keeping this in view, Crescent Textile Mills focus has been on meeting its customer‟s
demands and requirements, improving its competitiveness, increasing productivity and
enhancing its existing quality control systems.
It always sets new standards for quality, Its design studio is equipped with latest
technology.
Weaknesses
Crescent Textile Mills has ignored the local market
Transit time for international market is comparatively long as compared to India and
China.
Middle level management is demotivated due to low salary package and promotions are
held after a long period
There is no proper criteria for performance appraisal that’s why staff in not motivated
Opportunities
As Crescent Textile Mills is ISO-9002 certified company so it has a chance to increase &
expand business all over the world.
Anti dumping duties in European market are overdrawn, so the chance is to increase the
export as compared to last years.
Devaluation of rupee made Pakistani export more acceptable to the foreign buyers. There
is a chance to compete better now.
Govt’s pre import-export policy for cotton is also in favor of Crescent Textile Mills.
Threats
Foreign investment in textile sector in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and India is a danger in
future for Crescent Textile Mills
It has been seen that many other groups in Pakistan have entered in competition with
Crescent Textile Mills. If they will not be competed well, there is a chance that they can
get share of export from foreign buyers.
South Africa is thinking about to impose the anti-dumping duties on Pakistan textile
exports. If it is imposed, a reasonable export share and big market may be lost.
There is no proper attention towards Russian market. Crescent Textile Mills can get big
orders from Russia. If attention will not be given towards this side there is a chance that
any other competitor can introduce its products in Russia and this market can be lost.
44 | page The Crescent Textile Mills Limited
High inflation rates hinder in competing the Indian yarn at international level.
Due to economic crises of eastern countries, so many sales lost during last few years, but
now these countries are again on the road of progress. If the previous customers are not
properly attended, they may be last forever.
Conclusions
We got a lot of experience from Crescent Textile Mills. During our internship we came to
know that how the different activities take place, what are the procedures. The Crescent
Textile Mills is on the way of progress. It has been earning profit for the last five years. The
management is professionally qualified and experienced.
The Crescent Textile Mills should motivate their employees by providing different incentives.
Their salary package is also not attractive. The performance of the Human Resource
department is also not satisfactory.
Crescent Textile Mill’s product (yarn & cloth) is of high quality. The demand of Crescent
Textile Mill’s products is increasing with the passage of time. The company should expand
its capacity as soon as possible to satisfy the demands of their customers.
Recommendations
A proper training should be given to the employees and the workers to enhance their
skills to increase their productivity and same of the company.
The management members should make market survey time to time to get the latest
information about the market factors like the price, demand and current consumer trends
etc.
As the world has become a global village, the management should have the latest
knowledge and information,s about the world because now a little change in any corner
of the world can effect the business.
The top management should give the autonomy and the flexibility to every manage to
make decisions according to the situation at any time and in the absence of the top
managers.
All the duties and responsibilities of the employees and the workers should be clearly
defined.
Crestex should adopt an efficient appraisal system and give rewards to the employees
who have done well.
The management should recruit right person for the right job.
The management should be able to assess the problems before it’s occurring so that they
are able to find the ways of their solution.
Long-term solvency is good but time interest ratio should also be improved.
There effective relationship and coordination between the departments must be there.
It should be realized to be very clear about the advantages and disadvantages of each
strategy to take effective decision about its continuity to make an effective strategy
implementation.
Crescent Textile Mills should also introduce its brands in local markets.
Company should give proper attention to deal with dead fabric and made ups.
References/Sources
List of all sources I used:
https://www.crescenttextile.com
https://www.academia.edu
https://www.scribd.com
https://www.crescenttextile.com/company-profile/
Annexes