PERFECT MODAL VERBS

I. Choose the best answer.

1.Jeanette did very badly on the exam. She _____ harder.
a. must have studied b. should have studied c. could have studied d. must studied
2. He was very lucky when he fell off the ladder. He _____ himself.
a. could have hurt b. should have hurt c. must have hurt d. will have hurt
3. Marcela didn't come to class yesterday. She _____ an accident.
a. should have had b. might have c. must have d. may have had
4. John still hasn't come out. He ______ everything for the trip now.
a. must have been preparing b. will be preparing c. must be preparing d. will have prepared
5. Thomas received a warning for speeding. He _____ so fast.
a. shouldn't have driven b. would have driven c. should have d. might have driven
6. The photos are black. The X-ray at the airport _____ them.
a. should have damaged b. would have damaged c. would damage d. must have damaged
7. Tom didn't do his homework, so the teacher became very angry. He _____ his homework.
a. must have done b. should have done c. might have d. will have done
8. My car stopped on the high way. It _____ out of gas a. may run b. may have run c. must be d. should have run
9. Robert arrived without his book. He _____ it.
a. could have lost b. should have lost c. would have lost d. will have lost
10. "Where do you think Rooney is today?". "I have no idea. He _____ late."
a. should have left b. would have slept c. would sleep d. may have slept
11. Berbatov painted his bedroom black. It looks dark and dreary. He _____ a different color.
a. had to choose b. should have chosen c. must have chosen d. could have been choosing
12. The children _____ "thank you" to you when you gave them their gifts.
a. will have said b. must say c. should have said d. should say
13. If we had known your new address, we ___ to see you. a. came b. would have come c. will come d. would come
14. These two boys look identical. They _ twins. a. must have been b. must be c. should be d. should have been
14. The yard is wet. It______ last night. a. must rain b. must have rain c. must have rained d. had to rain
15. He ______ have committed the crime as he was with me on that day. a. mustn’tb. shouldn’t c. won’t d. couldn’t
II. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning using Perfect modal verbs.
1. Perhaps Susan knew the address. - Susan …………………………………..
2. It's possible that Joanna didn't receive my message. - Joanna …………………………
3. I’m sure your report was on my desk yesterday - Your report ………………………………..
4. You were wrong to get up so late. - You …………………………
5. It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat. - Nancy …………………..
6. Perhaps Jean’s plane was delayed. - Jean’s plane………………..
7. I suppose that I left my keys at home - My keys ……
8. I am sure you were surprised when you heard all the news - You …………………………..
9. It was possible for the son to take over his father’s company. - The son ………………………
10. Someone almost certainly broke the window on purpose. - Someone …………………………..
11. I am sure that the cat was in the house somewhere. - The cat …………………..
12. It is possible that one of the men died on the mountain. - One of the men ……
13. It wasn’t necessary for me to bring my passport. - I ………………
14. It was unnecessary for you to do all this work . - You DIDN’T …………….
- You NEEDN’T………………..
15. I am sure that John was not the thief. - John …………
16. It was quite unnecessary for you to carry all those parcels home yourself. - You .……………………..
17. I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston. - It .……………………………..
18. Maybe they spent all their money when they went on holiday - They .……………………..
19. He didn’t apologize to her, which was wrong of him - He ………………………………………….
20. It wasn’t necessary for me to go out after all. - I ……………..
21. I’m sure that you didn’t lock the front door. Here is the key. - You……………………….
22. It was careless of you to leave the windows open last night. - You ……
23. I’m sure Alison made arrangement. I recognized her voice. - Alison ………………….
24. I’m sure he didn’t know that his brother was seriously ill. - He ………….
25. It was a mistake of him to buy that house. - He ………………..
26. It is possible that many people were rescured from the fire last night. - Many people ……………….
27. We are not sure Sally enjoyed her journey. - Sally ………………

III. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of
the following questions.
1. It’s possible that she didn’t hear what I said A. She may not hear what I said B. She might not hear what I said
C. She might have not heard what I said D. She may not have heard what I said
2: It was wrong of you not to call the fire brigade at once.
A. You didn't call the fire brigade because it was wrong. B. Calling the fire brigade must be done at once.
C. You should have called the fire brigade at once. D. The fire brigade was called at the wrong time.
3: I'm sure Luisa was very disappointed when she failed the exam.
A. Luisa must be very disappointed when she failed the exam.
B. Luisa must have been very disappointed when she failed the exam.
C. Luisa may be very disappointed when she failed the exam.
 D. Luisa could have been very disappointed when she failed the exam.
4.Sally paid for her travel in advance, but I’m not sure.
A. Sally needn't have paid for her travel in advance. B. Sally should not have paid for her travel in advance.
C. Sally may not have paid for her travel in advance. D. Sally couldn’t have paid for her travel in advance.
5: I’m sure it wasn’t Mr. Phong you saw because he’s in Hanoi.
A. It couldn’t be Mr. Phong you saw because he’s in Hanoi. B. You mustn’t have seen Mr. Phong because he’s in Hanoi
C. It can’t have been Mr. Phong you saw because he’s in Hanoi. D. Mr. Phong mightn’t see you because he’s in Hanoi.
6. I really believe my letter came as a great surprise to John.
A. John might be very surprised to receive my letter. B. John might have been very surprised to receive my letter.
C. John must be very surprised to receive my letter. D. John must have been very surprised to receive my letter.
7. It isn’t necessary for my brother to spend all the afternoon preparing his old bike.
A. My brother needn't spend all the afternoon preparing his old bike.
B. My brother might not spend all the afternoon preparing his old bike.
C. My brother mustn’t spend all the afternoon preparing his old bike.
D. My brother can’t spend all the afternoon preparing his old bike.
8. The students are required to keep silent during the exam.
A. The students may keep silent during the exam. B. The students must keep silent during the exam.
C. The students needn't keep silent during the exam. D. The students shouldn’t keep silent during lite exam.
9. I’m certain that Joe attended the ceremony as he can vividly recount the event.
A. Joe needn’t have attended the ceremony as he can vividly recount the event.
B. Joe mightn’t have attended the ceremony as he can vividly recount the event.
C. Joe must have attended the ceremony as he can vividly recount the event.
D. Joe could have attended the ceremony as he can vividly recount the event.
10.Mary has been working for 10 hours today. Perhaps she will not go to work tomorrow.
A. Mary may not go to work tomorrow because she has been working for 10 hours today.
B. Mary could not go to work tomorrow because she has been working for 10 hours today.
C. Mary must not go to work tomorrow because she has been working for 10 hours today.
D. Mary must not go to work tomorrow because she has been working for 10 hours today.
11. It was wrong of you not to call the police at once.
A You shouldn’t have called the police at once. B. You should have called the police at once.
C. You must have called the police at once. D. You should call the police at once.
12. The thief almost certainly came through the open windows.
A. The thief might have come through the open windows.
B. The thief should have come through the open windows.
C. The thief must have come through the open windows.
D. The thief could have come through the open windows.
13. David wasn’t wearing a safety-belt, despite regulations.
A. David should have been wearing a safety-belt. B. David could have been wearing a safety-belt.
C. David would have been wearing a safety-belt. D. David must have been wearing a safety-belt
14. It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn’t.
A. You should have persuaded him to change his mind.
B. You must have persuaded him to change his mind.
C. You should persuade him to change his mind.
D. You may persuade him to change his mind.
15. There’s now no possibility that he will pass the driving test.
A. He might pass the driving test easily. B. He needn’t pass the driving test.
C. He can pass the driving test easily. D. He may not pass the driving test.
16. It was wrong of you to criticise your son in front of his friends
A. You shouldn’t have criticised your son in front of his friends
B. You must have criticised your son in front of his friends.
C. You mightn’t have criticised your son in front of his friends.
D. You could have criticised your son in front of his friends.
17: I thought it was not necessary to book tickets for the film in advance, but I was wrong.
A. I couldn't have booked tickets for the film in advance.
B. I must have booked tickets for the film in advance.
C. I should have booked tickets for the film in advance.
D. I needn't have booked tickets for the film in advance.
18.It isn't necessary to submit my assignment today.
A. I must submit my assignment today. B. I needn't submit my assignment today.
C. I could submit my assignment today. D. I shouldn’t submit my assignment today.
19. Perhaps we will be late for the meeting.
A. We must get to the meeting on time. B. We should get to the meeting on time.
C. We needn't get to the meeting on time. D. We may not get to the meeting on time.
20. I think he didn’t take a bus yesterday because there aren’t any buses on Sundays.
A. He couldn’t have taken a bus yesterday because there aren’t any buses on Sundays.
B. He mustn’t have taken a bus yesterday because there aren’t any buses on Sundays.
C. He needn’t have taken a bus yesterday because there aren’t any buses on Sundays.
D. He mightn’t have taken a bus yesterday because there aren’t any buses on Sundays.