PRACTICAL FILE

ON

DATA ANALYSIS USING SPREADSHEETS

BATCH (2022-2025)

Faculty Incharge: Student Name:

MRS. SUMA S. PARV GUPTA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Enrollment No:
00196788822

Kamal Institute of Higher Education and Advanced

Technology
(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University)
K-1 Extension, Mohan Garden, New Delhi-110059
Serial Topics Page No
No
1. IPU Marksheet 1-18

2. Employee Salary Bill 19-30

3. Conditional Formatting 31-39

4. Filtering 40-42

5. Pivot Table 43-47

6. What-if Analysis 48-57

(Goal Seek & Scenario)

7. What-if Analysis 58-59

(Data Tables with 1 & 2 Variable)

8. VLookup Function 60

9. Sorting 61-67
10. Charts 68-73

11. Power Pivot 74-81

12. Power Query 82-84

13. Power Maps 85

Q1. To Dra sample marksheet of GGSIPU by using some analy cal formulas of excel.

Step 1: Open the Run Command, using Press Window+R then type excel.

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Step 3: Collpase the column B.

Step 4: Select Cells C1 to J1 by holding the Ctrl Bu on, and the click on the “Merge & Center” on the
Home tab under Alignment sec on.

Step 5: Repeat the same step 4 for doing same ll 7 rows.

Step 6: Start dra ing the tex ng work and forma ng as given.

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Step 7: Enter the Column name given in the marksheet.

1. Paper Code – For giving serial code to subjects.

2. Paper – For Enter the subject name
3. Credit – For showing credit score of each subject
4. INT – For giving internal marks
5. EXT – For giving external marks
6. Total – For sum up of internal & external marks
7. CS – For showing credit secured in the subject or not
8. Grade – For alloca ng the Grade as per marks and set Criteria
9. GP – For alloca ng grade point as per marks and set criteria

Grading System:

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Step 8: Enter the paper codes, paper name and maximum credit of each paper in the respec
ve cells.

Step 9: Now, generate the internal marks in the cell using formula “=RANDBETWEEN()” &
then select and drag down the cells for applying the same formula in the bo om cells.

Formula Syntax : =randbetween(bo om,top)

Formula : For First 5 Row =randbetween(0,25)

For Last Row =randbetwwn(0,40)

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Then, Press Ctrl+C and then Click on the Paste op on on the Home Tab under Clipboard then
Select the “Paste into Values”, it helps in keeping the marks constant else, it changes as per
shi ing to new cell.

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Step 10: Now, repeat step 8 for the external marks in the cell using formula
“=RANDBETWEEN()” & then select and drag down the cells for applying the same formula
in the bottom cells.

Formula Syntax : =randbetween( bottom,top)

Formula : For First 5 Row =randbetween(0,75)

For Last Row =randbetwwn(0,60)

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Step 11: Calculate the Total marks using “=SUM()” formula.

Formula syntax : =sum(number1, number2)

Formula : =sum(E19,F19), then drag down the same cell to the bo om cells.

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Step12: To check whether the student secured the credit or not as per criteria if Total Marks
>= 40, the credit will be given 0 credit is given. Using the Logical Formula of MS EXCEL
“=IF()”.

Formula Syntax : =IF(Logical_test, [value if true],[ value if false])

Formula : =IF(TOTAL >=40,Credit,0)

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And the drag down the cells the bo om cells.

Step 13: Now allocate the grades as per criteria and marks. Using the “=if()” referencing we
will allocate the grades of each and every subject as per criteria.

Formula Syntax: =IF(Logical test, value if true, IF(Logical test, value if true, value if false))

Formula:

=IF(G19>=90,"O",IF(G19>=75,"A+",IF(G19>=65,"A",IF(G19>=55,"B+",IF(G19>=50,"B",I
F(G19> =45,"C",IF(G19>=40,"P","F")))))))

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Then Drag down the cell to below cells for applying the same criteria of grading

Step 14: Now allocate the grade point as per criteria we again use the “=if()” as referencing.

Then Drag down the same formula for applying the same criteria.

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A er comple ng this tabular calcula on and formula work now me to calculate the total credits
secured and CGPA.

1. Calculate the Total Credits Secured in the Semester.

2. Calculate the SGPA Secured in the Semster.

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3. For Calcula on of Credit Secured

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4. Insert the university logo on top of the sheet by merge and center A1 TO A7

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5. Set the Print Area under the Page Layout Tab

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6. Press Ctrl+P for taking PDF File of Marksheet

7. Name the file and set the loca on of File

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8. Press Save Bu on.
9. Now Save the excel file for future purpose.

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Ques on: Prepare the Salary sheet for Oasis Private
Limited based on the given informa on. For 10 employees.
Also show the graphical view of Company expense on
sheet as monthly, Quarterly & Annually.

1. HRA (Housing Rent Allowance) - 50% OF Basic Salary

2. DA (Dearness Allowance) - 50% of Basic Salary
3. TA (Travelling Allowance) - 15% of Basic Salary
4. MA (Medical Allowance) - 10% of Basic Salary
5. EPF (Employee Provident Fund) – 12% of Gross Salary
6. Tax – 0% on upto 250000, 5% Between 250001 &
500000, 10% Between 500001 & 1000000 and above
1000000 is 15%.

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1. HRA CALCULATION:
Formula: “=Basic*50/100”

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2. DA Calcula on:
Formula: “=Basic*50%”

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3. TA Calcula on
Formula: “=Basic*15%”

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4. MA Calcula on
Formula: “=Basic*10%”

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5. Gross
Formula: “=SUM(Basic,HRA,DA,TA,MA)”

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6. EPF Calcula on
Formula: “=Gross*12%”

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7. Tax Calcula on
Formula:“=IF(Gross<=250000,Gross*0%,IF(Gross<=500000,Gross*5%,IF(Gross<=1000
000,Gross*10%,Gross*15%)))”

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8. Net Pay
Formula: “=Gross-EPF-Tax”

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9. Company monthly, quarterly & annually calcula on

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 GRAPHICAL VIEW OF COMPANY ESTIMATE IN SALARY AS
MONTHLY, QUARTERLY & ANNUALLY

SALARY SHEET ESTIMATE

₹ 8,000,000.00

₹ 7,000,000.00

₹ 6,000,000.00

₹ 5,000,000.00

₹ 4,000,000.00

₹ 3,000,000.00

₹ 2,000,000.00

₹ 1,000,000.00

₹-
Name Basic HRA DA TA MA Gross EPF Tax Net Pay

Monthly Estimate Quarterly Estimate Annually Estimate

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 What is a Pivot Table in Excel?
An Excel Pivot Table is a tool to explore and summarize large amounts of data, analyze
related totals and present summary reports designed to:

 Present large amounts of data in a user-friendly way.

 Summarize data by categories and subcategories.
 Filter, group, sort and conditionally format different subsets of data so that you can
focus on the most relevant information.
 Rotate rows to columns or columns to rows (which is called "pivoting") to view different
summaries of the source data.
 Subtotal and aggregate numeric data in the spreadsheet.
 Expand or collapse the levels of data and drill down to see the details behind any total.
 Present concise and attractive online of your data or printed reports.

For example, you may have entries in your worksheet with employee figures of the
data.

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 Organize your source data

Before creating a summary report, organize your data into rows and columns, and then
convert your data range in to an Excel Table. To do this, select all of the data, go to
the Insert tab and click Table.

Using an Excel Table for the source data gives you a very nice benefit - your data range
becomes "dynamic". In this context, a dynamic range means that your table will
automatically expand and shrink as you add or remove entries, so won't have to worry
that your Pivot Table is missing the latest data.

Useful tips:

 Add unique, meaningful headings to your columns, they will turn into the field names later.
 Make sure your source table contains no blank rows or columns, and no subtotals.
 To make it easier to maintain your table, you can name your source table by switching to
the Design tab and typing the name in the Table Name box the upper right corner of your
worksheet.

2. Create a Pivot Table

Select any cell in the source data table, and then go to the Insert tab > Tables group
> PivotTable.

This will open the Create PivotTable window. Make sure the correct table or range of
cells is highlighted in the Table/Range field. Then choose the target location for your
Excel Pivot Table:

 Selecting New Worksheet will place a table in a new worksheet starting at cell A1.
 Selecting Existing Worksheet will place your table at the specified location in an existing
worksheet. In the Location box, click the Collapse Dialog button to choose the first cell where
you want to position your table.

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 This will open the Create PivotTable window. Make sure the correct table or range of
cells is highlighted in the Table/Range field. Then choose the target location for your
Excel Pivot Table:

 Selecting New Worksheet will place a table in a new worksheet starting at cell A1.
 Selecting Existing Worksheet will place your table at the specified location in an existing
worksheet. In the Location box, click the Collapse Dialog button to choose the first cell
where you want to position your table.

Clicking OK creates a blank Pivot Table in the target location, which will look similar to
this:

 If you are creating a Pivot Table from the data in another worksheet or workbook, include the
workbook and worksheet names using the following syntax
[workbook_name]sheet_name!range, for exam Alternatively, you can click the Collapse Dialog
button and select a table or range of cells in another workbook using the mouse. Arrange the
layout of your Pivot Table report

The area where you work with the fields of your summary report is called PivotTable
Field List. It is located in the right-hand part of the worksheet and divided into the
header and body sections:

 The Field Section contains the names of the fields that you can add to your table. The filed
names correspond to the column names of your source table.

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 The Layout Section contains the Report Filter area, Column Labels, Row Labels area, and
the Values area. Here you can arrange and re-arrange the fields of your table.

 Non-numeric fields are added to the Row Labels area;

 Numeric fields are added to the Values area;
 Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) date and time hierarchies are added to the Column
Labels area.

How to remove a field from a Pivot Table

To delete a certain field, you can either:

 Uncheck the box nest to the field's name in the Field section of the PivotTable pane.
 Right-click on the field in your Pivot Table, and then click "Remove Field_Name".

Organize your source data

Before creating a summary report, organize your data into rows and columns, and then
convert your data range in to an Excel Table. To do this, select all of the data, go to
the Insert tab and click Table.

Using an Excel Table for the source data gives you a very nice benefit - your data range
becomes "dynamic". In this context, a dynamic range means that your table will
automatically expand and shrink as you add or remove entries, so won't have to worry
that your Pivot Table is missing the latest data.

Useful tips:

 Add unique, meaningful headings to your columns, they will turn into the field names later.
 Make sure your source table contains no blank rows or columns, and no subtotals.
 To make it easier to maintain your table, you can name your source table by switching to
the Design tab and typing the name in the Table Name box the upper right corner of your
worksheet

Clicking OK creates a blank Pivot Table in the target location, which will look similar to
this

3. Arrange the layout of your Pivot Table report

The area where you work with the fields of your summary report is called PivotTable
Field List. It is located in the right-hand part of the worksheet and divided into the
header and body sections:

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 The Field Section contains the names of the fields that you can add to your table. The filed
names correspond to the column names of your source table.
 The Layout Section contains the Report Filter area, Column Labels, Row Labels area, and
the Values area. Here you can arrange and re-arrange the fields of your table.

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ANALYSING THE DATA USING GOAL SEEK AND SCENARIO

Let's say you're planning an event and want to invite as many people as you can
without exceeding a budget of $500. We can use Goal Seek to figure out how
many people to invite. In our example below, cell B5 contains the formula
=B2+B3*B4 to calculate the total cost of a room reservation, plus the cost per
person.

Select the cell with the value you want to change. In our example, we'll select
cell B5.

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• From the Data tab, click the What-If Analysis command, then select Goal
Seek from the drop-down menu.

• A dialog box will appear with three fields. The first field, set cell:, will
contain the desired result. In our example, cell B5 is already selected.

• The second field, to value: is the desired result. In our example, we'll
enter 500 because we only want to spend $500.

• The third field, by changing cell: is the cell where Goal Seek will place its
answer. In our example, we'll select cell B4 because we want to know how
many guests, we can invite without spending more than $500.

• When you're done, click OK.

• The dialog box will tell you if Goal Seek was able to find a solution.
Click OK.

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The result will appear in the specified cell. In our example, Goal Seek
calculated the answer to be approximately 18.62. In this case, our final
answer needs to be a whole number, so we'll need to round the answer
up or down. Because rounding up would cause us to exceed our budget,
we'll round down to 18 guests.

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EXAMPLE-2

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Scenarios let you substitute values for multiple cells (up to 32) at
the same time. You can create as many scenarios as you want and
then compare them without changing the values manually. In the
example below, we're using scenarios to compare different venues
for an upcoming event.

Scenario is a set of values that Excel saves and can substitute

automatically in cells on a worksheet.
You can create and save different groups of values on a worksheet
and then switch to any of these new scenarios to view different
results.
For example, suppose you have two budget scenarios: a worst case
and a best case.

Use Scenario Manager

• Select the cells that contain values that could change.
• Click the Data tab on the ribbon.
• Click the What-If Analysis button.
• Select Scenario Manager.

The Scenario Manager dialog box appears with the message “No

Scenarios defined. Choose Add to add scenarios

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 Click the Add button to add a new scenario.

• Type a name for the new scenario.

• If you already have cells selected, the Changing cells field will already

be populated with your selection. If you didn’t select cells up front,

you’ll have to specify the cells here.

• Click OK.

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The Scenario Values dialog box appears, showing each of the variable cells

you selected.

• If you name the worksheet cells you're changing, the cell names

appear here, making it easy to tell what value you're working with.

• Update any values you want to see for the given scenario.

• To make sure you don’t lose the original values for the changing

cells, use the original cell values in the first scenario you create.

• Click OK.

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The scenario is added and is listed in the Scenario Manager. If you click

Add, the Add Scenario dialog box appears again so you can add another

scenario.

Repeat steps 5-9 to add all the desired scenarios.

• Select the scenario you want to view.

• Click the Show button.

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View a Scenario Summary
A scenario summary report is a single compiled report that summarizes

the results from several scenarios. It’s easier to read than switching

between different scenarios. Once you’ve created at least two scenarios,

you can create a summary report.

• Click the Data tab.

• Click the What-If Analysis button.

• Select Scenario Manager.

The Scenario Manager dialog box appears, displaying all the

scenarios you’ve created.

• Click Summary.

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DATA TABLE WITH ONE VARIABLE

CREATE A TABLE TO FIND PMT.

Interest [year] 6%
Term [monthly 60
Loan 100000
₹ -514.18

YEAR RATE ₹ -514.18

1% -184.754
2% -238.605
3% -299.642
4% -366.736
5% -438.642
6% -514.176
7% -592.325
8% -672.288

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DATA TABLE WITH TWO VARIABLE

A Person wants to know about per Month Installment of

loan by the different rates of interest and for the different
time periods for the same principal amount

Interest rate[In yearly] 3.00%

Term [in years] 25 MONTHLY PAYMENT TERMS

Loan 100000 ₹ -474.21 15 20 25 30
1% -598.494515 -459.894 -376.872 -321.64
2% -643.508701 -505.883 -423.854 -369.619
3% -690.58164 -554.598 -474.211 -421.604
4% -739.687926 -605.98 -527.837 -477.415
5% -790.793627 -659.956 -584.59 -536.822
6% -843.856828 -716.431 -644.301 -599.551
7% -898.828271 -775.299 -706.779 -665.302
8% -955.652084 -836.44 -771.816 -733.765

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 VLOOKUP FUNCTION

Step to perform Vlookup Function:-

1. Identify a column of cells you did like to fill with new data.
2. Select Function(FX) VLOOKUP and insert this formula into
your highlighted cell.
3. Enter the Lookup value for which you want to retrieve new
data.
4. Enter the table array of the spreadsheet where your desired
data is located.
5. Enter the column number of the data you want excel to
return.
6. Enter your range lookup to find an exact or approximate
match of your lookup value.
7. Click ‘done’( or ‘enter’) and fill your new column.

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 POWER - PIVOT

Power Pivot is a powerful data modelling tool in Microsoft Excel, designed to

help user analyze large amounts of data from various sources. It allows users to
create models, builds relationships between different data sets, and performs
complex calculations using formulas and functions called data analysis
expressions (DAX).
With Power Pivot, you can create pivot tables and charts based on your data
model, enabling deeper insights and better decision-making. Its particularly useful
for handling large data sets that excel alone may struggle to mange efficiently.
FOR ENABLING POWER
PIVOT:

STEP – 1:

STEP – 2:

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STEP – 3:

STEP – 4:

STEP – 5:

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STEP – 6:

STEP – 7:

QUESTION: COUNT THE TOTAL NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS.

SOLUTION:

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QUESTION: CALCULATE REVENUE, COST, AND PROFIT PER ORDER.

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SOLUTION:
CALCULATION OF REVENUE:

CALCULATION OF COST:

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CALCULATION OF PROFIT:

QUESTION: CALCULATE TOTAL PROFIT

SOLUTION:

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QUESTION: CALCULATE AVERAGE PROFIT FOR CUSTOMER.
SOLUTION:

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 POWER QUERY

What is power query?

Ans- Power Query is an application for transforming and preparing data. With Power Query
you can get data from sources using a graphical interface and apply transformations using
a Power Query Editor. Using Power Query, a business intelligence tool offered by Microsoft
Excel, you can import data from any number of sources, clean it, transform it, then reshape
it according to your needs. In this way, you can set up a query only once, re-use it later by
simply refreshing.

Steps in power query

• Importing data is easy with the help of the Get & Transform Data section of the Data
tab in Excel.

(2) Transform data

After importing the data, we can transform it with the help of Power Query. The Power
Query Editor helps you transform data based on your needs.

Let’s take a look at the editor and understand its different components.

The Power Query Editor Interface

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(3) Output excel

After performing all the operations on the editor, we will have to output it to our Excel sheet.
To do this, click on the Close and Load option on the Ribbon section of the Power Query
Editor.

On clicking this option, the Editor closes and loads the result to your worksheet.

• In the next section, we will look at different ways by which we can Import Data to our
Excel sheet.

(4) Load

Finally, in the Load phase, users specify where to load the transformed data. They can load
the data into an Excel worksheet or a Power BI report or create a connection to the data
source so that the data is automatically refreshed whenever the source data changes.

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Let’s move forward and understand the concept of Power Query

The final data

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 POWER MAPS

Power Map is a fantastic visualisation feature

within Microsoft Excel, that enables you to
transform your data into a format for virtual
viewing.

It is a great feature for analysing data and gathering insights from your spreadsheets, as well as all

Stat Revenue Expens

e e
Seattle 70 20
Berlin 85 55
London 60 40
Paris 35 60
Tokyo 80 20

In a nutshell, Power Map aids in

discovering insights which might not
be seen in usual two-dimensional
tables and charts.

Power Map is used for the following:

Mapping data – Numerous (more
than a million!) rows of data can be
plotted visually, using Bing maps in 3D
format. Model in Excel.
Discovering insights – Power Map
can be used to view data in a
geographic space and view time-
stamped data change over time.

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