Future of Computing – on the Road to Quantum

Dr. Wolfgang Maier

IBM Research&Development
IBM Research&Development

Watson Dublin
Burlington
Endicott Moskau
Toronto Minsk
East Fishkill Peking
Poughkeepsie China
Rochester Fujisawa
Vancouver Tokio
Boulder
Yasu
Beaverton
Raleigh Yamato
Santa Teresa Shanghai
Foster City Taipei
San Jose
Almaden
Costa Mesa
Perth
Tucson
Gold Coast
Austin
Sydney
Greenock
Hursley
Paris
Böblingen
Zürich Indien
La Gaude Bangalore
Krakau Pune
Rom Haifa
São Paolo Kairo
Digital Transformation
Moore’s law
Brain inspired computing
Brain inspired computing
True North
Resistive Memory
Loihi
Zeroth

von Neumann Neuromorphic/

Spinnaker
Nervana

Analog

CAL
CNN HTM
GPU
TPU

Training Learning
Information theory

𝐻 = − ෍ 𝑝𝑖 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑝𝑖
𝑖=1

coding channel decoding

input output
Neural network

𝑝 𝑝 𝑝 𝑝
1 1 1 1

1/𝑘

𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘

𝐻𝑘0 > 𝐻𝑘1 > 𝐻𝑘𝑚

Qubit

Superposition Entanglement

dim 𝑉 ⊗ 𝑊 = dim 𝑉 × dim(𝑊)

 Classical Q operators Quantum
Not Not
𝑎 x 𝑎′
𝑎 𝑎′ Controlled Not
𝑎 o 𝑎′

And
𝑏 x 𝑏′
𝑎
𝑐′ Controlled Controlled Not
𝑏
𝑎 o 𝑎′

Fanout
𝑏 o 𝑏′
𝑎
𝑎
𝑎 𝑐 x 𝑐′
Fanout
Exchange 𝑎 o 𝑎

0 x 𝑎
𝑎 𝑏′
Exchange
𝑏 𝑎′
𝑎 o x o 𝑎′

𝑏 x o x 𝑏′
Quantum computing
Quantum computing
Coherence time
Thank You